JS面向对象编程实现的拖拽功能案例详解
时间：2021-01-13 09:51:04 | 栏目：JavaScript代码 | 点击：次
本文实例讲述了JS面向对象编程实现的拖拽功能。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
原始的面向过程代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<style>
#box {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: blue;
position: absolute;
}
</style>
<title>拖拽</title>
<script>
var oBox=null;
var disX=0;
var disY=0;
window.onload=function(){
oBox=document.getElementById('box');
oBox.onmousedown=fnDown;
};
//鼠标按下事件
function fnDown(ev){
var oEvent = ev||event;
disX = oEvent.clientX - oBox.offsetLeft;
disY = oEvent.clientY - oBox.offsetTop;
document.onmousemove = fnMove;
document.onmouseup = fnUp;
}
//鼠标移动事件
function fnMove(ev){
var oEvent=ev||event;
oBox.style.left = oEvent.clientX - disX + 'px';
oBox.style.top = oEvent.clientY - disY + 'px';
}
//鼠标抬起事件
function fnUp(){
document.onmousemove = null;
document.onmouseup = null;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box"></div>
</body>
</html>
下面是面向对象的代码
drag.js
/**
* 拖拽
* @param {Object} id div的id
*/
function Drag(id){
this.oBox = document.getElementById(id);
this.disX = 0;
this.disY = 0;
var _this = this;
this.oBox.onmousedown = function(){
_this.fnDown();
}
}
//鼠标按下
Drag.prototype.fnDown = function(ev){
var oEvent = ev || event;
this.disX = oEvent.clientX - this.oBox.offsetLeft;
this.disY = oEvent.clientY - this.oBox.offsetTop;
var _this = this;
document.onmousemove = function(){
_this.fnMove();
};
document.onmouseup = function(){
_this.fnUp();
};
}
//鼠标移动
Drag.prototype.fnMove = function(ev){
var oEvent= ev || event;
this.oBox.style.left = oEvent.clientX - this.disX + 'px';
this.oBox.style.top = oEvent.clientY - this.disY + 'px';
}
//鼠标抬起
Drag.prototype.fnUp = function(){
document.onmousemove = null;
document.onmouseup = null;
}
drag.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<style>
div {
position: absolute;
}
</style>
<title>拖拽</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/drag.js" ></script>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
var drag1 = new Drag("box1");
var drag1 = new Drag("box2");
};
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box1" style="background: red;width: 200px;height: 200px;"></div>
<div id="box2" style="background: blue;width: 100px;height: 100px;"></div>
</body>
</html>
此拖拽有一个问题，就是没有控制拖拽出边界的问题。但我们又不想去修改代码，那我们怎么做？学过java的应该都知道可以写一个子类来做一些更加具体的操作，又保留了父类的功能，就是继承。
html
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/drag.js" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/dragLimit.js" ></script>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
var drag1 = new Drag("box1");
var drag1 = new DragLimit("box2");//蓝色是不会超出边界的
};
</script>
<body>
<div id="box1" style="background: red;width: 200px;height: 200px;"></div>
<div id="box2" style="background: blue;width: 100px;height: 300px;"></div>
</body>
DragLimit.js：DragLimit继承自Drag，控制了不能出边界
/**
* 限制边界的拖拽，继承自Drag
* @param {Object} id
*/
function DragLimit(id){
Drag.call(this, id);
}
//继承方法
for(var p in Drag.prototype){
DragLimit.prototype[p] = Drag.prototype[p];
}
/**
* 覆写父类的鼠标移动方法，控制不能移出边界
*/
DragLimit.prototype.fnMove = function(ev){
var oEvent= ev || event;
var left = oEvent.clientX - this.disX;
var top = oEvent.clientY - this.disY;
//控制边界
if(left < 0){
left = 0;
} else if(left > document.documentElement.clientWidth-this.oBox.offsetWidth){
left = document.documentElement.clientWidth-this.oBox.offsetWidth;
}
if(top <= 0){
top = 0;
} else if(top > document.documentElement.clientHeight-this.oBox.offsetHeight){
top = document.documentElement.clientHeight-this.oBox.offsetHeight;
}
this.oBox.style.left = left + 'px';
this.oBox.style.top = top + 'px';
}
感兴趣的朋友可以使用在线HTML/CSS/JavaScript代码运行工具：http://tools.jb51.net/code/HtmlJsRun测试上述代码运行效果。
更多关于JavaScript相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《javascript面向对象入门教程》、《JavaScript错误与调试技巧总结》、《JavaScript数据结构与算法技巧总结》、《JavaScript遍历算法与技巧总结》及《JavaScript数学运算用法总结》
希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。