时间:2023-02-28 11:47:44 | 栏目:Python代码 | 点击:次
Python的字符串格式化有两种方式:%格式符方式,format方式
%[(name)][flags][width].[precision]typecode
注:Python中百分号格式化是不存在自动将整数转换成二进制表示的方式
(name) 可选,用于选择指定的key
a = "%(name)s-----%(age)d "%{'name':'xx','age':20} print(a)
执行结果:
xx-----20
flags 可选,可供选择的值有:
width 可选,占有宽度
name占10位,+,右对齐,age占10位,-,左对齐
b = "%(name)+10s————————%(age)-10d————————"%{'name':'xx','age':20} print(b)
执行结果:
xx————————20 ————————
空格,右对齐
0,用0填充空白处
c = "------%(year) d******%(age)010d "%{'year':2016,'age':-20} print(c)
执行结果:
------ 2016******-000000020
.precision 可选,小数点后保留的位数
只保留两位小数
d = '--------%(p).2f'%{'p':1.23456} d1 = '--------%(p)f'%{'p':1.23456} print(d) print(d1)
执行结果:
--------1.23
--------1.234560
typecode 必选
e ='***%c***%o***%x'%(65,15,15) print(e)
执行结果:
***A***17***f
f = '-----%(num)e------%(num)E'%{'num':1000000000} print(f)
执行结果:
-----1.000000e+09------1.000000E+09
g = '-----%(num)g------%(num1)G'%{'num':1000000000,'num1':100} print(g)
执行结果:
-----1e+09------100
s = 'aaa %' print(s) s1 = 'aaa %s %%'%('bbb') print(s1)
执行结果:
aaa %
aaa bbb %
数字格式的定义以 ':' 号开始。碰到了': '字符就知道要定义一个数字的显示格式了。格式的定义顺序为
[[fill]align][sign][#][0][width][,][.precision][type]
fill 【可选】空白处填充的字符
align 【可选】对齐方式(需配合width使用)
width 【可选】格式化位所占宽度
s1 ='---{:*^20s}----'.format('welcome') print(s1) s2 ='---{:*>20s}----'.format('welcome') print(s2) s3 ='---{:*<20s}----'.format('welcome') print(s3)
执行结果:
---******welcome*******----
---*************welcome----
---welcome*************----
# 【可选】对于二进制、八进制、十六进制,如果加上#,会显示 0b/0o/0x,否则不显示
三种方法表示
a1 = "numbers: {:b},{:o},{:d},{:x},{:X}, {:%},{:c}".format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15.87623,65) a2 = "numbers: {0:b},{0:o},{0:d},{0:x},{0:X}, {0:%},{1:c}".format(15,65) a3 = "numbers: {num:b},{num:o},{num:d},{num:x},{num:X}, {num:%},{cc:c}".format(num=15,cc=65) print(a1) print(a2) print(a3)
执行结果:
numbers: 1111,17,15,f,F, 1587.623000%,A
numbers: 1111,17,15,f,F, 1500.000000%,A
numbers: 1111,17,15,f,F, 1500.000000%,A
, 【可选】为数字添加分隔符,如:1,000,000
.precision 【可选】小数位保留精度
n = '---{:,d}----'.format(10000000) n1 = '---{:.2f}----'.format(1.2345) print(n) print(n1)
执行结果:
---10,000,000----
---1.23----
format常用格式化
tp1 = "i am {}, age {}, {}".format("seven", 18, 'alex') tp2 = "i am {}, age {}, {}".format(*["seven", 18, 'alex']) tp3 = "i am {0}, age {1}, really {0}".format("seven", 18) tp4 = "i am {0}, age {1}, really {0}".format(*["seven", 18]) tp5 = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(name="seven", age=18) tp6 = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(**{"name": "seven", "age": 18}) tp7 = "i am {0[0]}, age {0[1]}, really {0[2]}".format([1, 2, 3], [11, 22, 33]) tp8 = "i am {:s}, age {:d}, money {:f}".format("seven", 18, 88888.1) tp9 = "i am {:s}, age {:d}".format(*["seven", 18]) tp10 = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(name="seven", age=18) tp11 = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(**{"name": "seven", "age": 18}) print(tp1) print(tp2) print(tp3) print(tp4) print(tp5) print(tp6) print(tp7) print(tp8) print(tp9) print(tp10) print(tp11)
执行结果:
i am seven, age 18, alex
i am seven, age 18, alex
i am seven, age 18, really seven
i am seven, age 18, really seven
i am seven, age 18, really seven
i am seven, age 18, really seven
i am 1, age 2, really 3
i am seven, age 18, money 88888.100000
i am seven, age 18
i am seven, age 18
i am seven, age 18