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python selenium模拟点击问题解决方案

时间：2023-02-11 09:49:11 | 栏目：Python代码 | 点击：次

1、安装谷歌浏览器

#下载包
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
#安装包，用deb方式安装
sudo dpkg -i --force-depends google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
#######################分割###############################
#若出现Packet xxx is not installed，代表依赖出现问题执行以下命令
apt-get install -f
#重新执行一遍
sudo dpkg -i --force-depends google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
#######################分割##############################
#为了让其能够无界面运行
sudo apt-get install xvfb

2、安装浏览器驱动

#首先获取chromedriver的最新版本信息
LATEST=$(wget -q -O - http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE)
#下载  
wget http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/$LATEST/chromedriver_linux64.zip  
#解压
unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip  
#如果没有安装unzip就运行 apt install unzip
#权限配置
chmod +x chromedriver  
#移动到bin目录下
sudo mv chromedriver /usr/bin/

3、安装selenium

#看自己系统是不是pip3,-i表示用什么源下载
pip3 install selenium -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

4、简单测试

首先创建test.py文件，之后执行python3 test.py，查看效果

#coding=utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_opt = Options()  # 创建参数设置对象.
chrome_opt.add_argument('--headless')  # 无界面化.
chrome_opt.add_argument('--disable-gpu')  # 配合上面的无界面化.
chrome_opt.add_argument('--window-size=1366,768')  # 设置窗口大小, 窗口大小会有影响.
chrome_opt.add_argument("--no-sandbox") #使用沙盒模式运行
# 创建Chrome对象并传入设置信息.
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_opt)
url = "https://www.baidu.com/"
browser.get(url)
print(browser.page_source)
browser.quit()

5、打卡程序

这里我先用浏览器插件的Selenium先点击好导出python文件进行修改。程序需要创建data.csv文件，并在其中写入账号密码

# Generated by Selenium IDE
import sys
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# 读取数据函数
userList = []
def readData():
  with open("data.csv","r") as f:
    for lines in f.readlines():
      data = lines.strip().split(",")
      userList.append(data)
# 全局函数
def printLog(info):
  print('{0}   {1}'.format(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time())),info))
# 打卡类
class Test:
  # 初始化浏览器
  def __init__(self):
    # 添加 Chrome 相关配置
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    # 指定设备名称即可
    options.add_experimental_option('mobileEmulation', {'deviceName': 'iPhone X'})
    options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
    options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
    # options.add_argument('--headless')
    self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)  # => 打开浏览器时加入配置
    printLog("浏览器初始化完成")
  # 正式打卡
  def signIn(self,username,password):
    printLog("正在打开网页")
    self.driver.get("http://stu.zstu.edu.cn/webroot/decision/url/mobile?origin=53fd9573-139e-4e3b-9357-4d791849ad58#/login")
    # 睡眠控制速度
    # 刷新页面
    self.driver.refresh()
    time.sleep(3)
    self.driver.set_window_size(800, 824)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='app']/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/input").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='app']/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/input").send_keys(username)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//input[@type=\'password\']").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//input[@type=\'password\']").send_keys(password)
    time.sleep(3)
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,".r-1loqt21:nth-child(4)").click()
    time.sleep(4)
    printLog("登录成功")
    # 寻找打卡功能模块
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,".r-1loqt21:nth-child(2)").click()
    time.sleep(2)
    printLog("开始打卡")
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_3_row_6 .css-901oao").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[34]/div/div/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_4_row_6 > div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[2]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_5_row_6 > div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[2]/div/div[6]/div/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_3_row_7 .css-1cwyjr8").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_3_row_7 .css-1cwyjr8").send_keys("浙江理工大学")
    printLog("打卡进行中")
    #选项，不知道为什么css定位不能用
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[10]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[12]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[13]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[17]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[18]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[19]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[20]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[21]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[23]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[25]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[26]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[28]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[30]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    #提交
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_1_row_39").click()
    time.sleep(10)
    printLog("本次打卡成功")
  def quit(self):
    self.driver.quit()
    printLog("浏览器退出")
if __name__ == '__main__':
  test = Test()
  readData()
  for i in range(len(userList)):
    try:
      test.signIn(userList[i][0],userList[i][1])
    except:
      printLog("打卡成功或者系统bug，正在进行下一个")
      continue
  test.quit()
  printLog("今日打卡任务完成")
  sys.exit()

6、linux设置定时任务

#上传代码后，设置定时
crontab -e 
#打开后添加以下记录，代表每天3点执行
0 3 * * * /usr/bin/python3 /home/shawn/ezl/sign.py > /home/shawn/ezl/elog.log 2>&1
#重启
systemctl restart cron.service

7、其他

上面部分为研究生打开，下面为本科生

# Generated by Selenium IDE
import sys
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
# 读取数据函数
userList = []
def readData():
  with open("data.csv","r") as f:
    for lines in f.readlines():
      data = lines.strip().split(",")
      userList.append(data)
# 全局函数
def printLog(info):
  print('{0}   {1}'.format(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time())),info))
# 打卡类
class Test:
  # 初始化浏览器
  def __init__(self):
    # 添加 Chrome 相关配置
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    # 指定设备名称即可
    options.add_experimental_option('mobileEmulation', {'deviceName': 'iPhone X'})
    options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
    options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
    options.add_argument('--headless')
    self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)  # => 打开浏览器时加入配置
    printLog("浏览器初始化完成")
  # 正式打卡
  def signIn(self,username,password):
    printLog("正在打开网页")
    self.driver.get("http://stu.zstu.edu.cn/webroot/decision/url/mobile?origin=53fd9573-139e-4e3b-9357-4d791849ad58#/login")
    # 睡眠控制速度
    # 刷新页面
    self.driver.refresh()
    time.sleep(3)
    self.driver.set_window_size(800, 824)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='app']/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/input").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='app']/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/div/input").send_keys(username)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//input[@type=\'password\']").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//input[@type=\'password\']").send_keys(password)
    time.sleep(3)
    self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,".r-1loqt21:nth-child(4)").click()
    time.sleep(4)
    printLog("登录成功")
    # 寻找打卡功能模块
    # self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,".r-1loqt21:nth-child(2)").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='app']/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/div[5]/div/div/div[3]").click()
    time.sleep(5)
    printLog("开始打卡")
    # self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_3_row_6 .css-901oao").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='col_1_row_11']/span").click()
    time.sleep(5)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[34]/div/div/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[2]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[3]/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[6]/div/div/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//input").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//input").send_keys("浙江理工大学")
    time.sleep(1)
    printLog("打卡进行中")
    #选项，不知道为什么css定位不能用
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[11]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[13]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[14]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[18]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[19]/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[19]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[20]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[21]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[22]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[24]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[26]/div/div/div/div/div/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[27]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[29]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//div[31]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div").click()
    time.sleep(1)
    #提交
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='col_0_row_40']/div/div/div/div").click()
    # self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#col_0_row_40 .r-1loqt21 > .css-1dbjc4n").click()
    time.sleep(10)
    printLog("本次打卡成功")
  def quit(self):
    self.driver.quit()
    printLog("浏览器退出")
if __name__ == '__main__':
  test = Test()
  readData()
  for i in range(len(userList)):
    try:
      test.signIn(userList[i][0],userList[i][1])
    except:
      printLog("打卡成功或者系统bug，正在进行下一个")
      continue
  test.quit()
  printLog("今日打卡任务完成")
  sys.exit()

=已经失效，仅做参考=

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