时间:2022-12-17 09:50:28 | 栏目:Redis | 点击:次
Linux下安装Redis或者Docker下安装Redis并且启动(redis-server)
1.在 pom.xml 中引入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency>
2.在启动类上添加注释 @EnableCaching
3.编写 Redis 配置类 RedisConfig
@Configuration public class RedisConfig { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "redisTemplate") public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory)throws UnknownHostException { Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer= new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object>(Object.class); ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om); RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>(); template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory); template.setKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.setHashKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.afterPropertiesSet(); return template; } @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(StringRedisTemplate.class) public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory)throws UnknownHostException { StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate(); template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory); return template; } }
由于需要记录点赞人和被点赞人,还有点赞状态(点赞、取消点赞),还要固定时间间隔取出 Redis 中所有点赞数据,所以 Redis 数据格式中 Hash 最合适。
因为 Hash 里的数据都是存在一个键里,可以通过这个键很方便的把所有的点赞数据都取出。这个键里面的数据还可以存成键值对的形式,方便存入点赞人、被点赞人和点赞状态。
设点赞人的 id 为 giveLikeId,被点赞人的 id 为 likeUserId ,点赞时状态为 1,取消点赞状态为 0。将点赞人 id 和被点赞人 id 作为键,两个 id 中间用 :: 隔开,点赞状态作为值。
类似于这样:
在service层操作Redis
public interface RedisService { /** * 点赞。状态为1 * @param likedUserId * @param giveLikeId */ void saveLiked2Redis(String likedUserId, String giveLikeId); /** * 取消点赞。将状态改变为0 * @param likedUserId * @param giveLikeId */ void unlikeFromRedis(String likedUserId, String giveLikeId); /** * 从Redis中删除一条点赞数据 * @param likedUserId * @param giveLikeId */ void deleteLikedFromRedis(String likedUserId, String giveLikeId); /** * 该用户的点赞数加1 * @param likedUserId */ void incrementLikedCount(String likedUserId); /** * 该用户的点赞数减1 * @param likedUserId */ void decrementLikedCount(String likedUserId); /** * 获取Redis中存储的所有点赞数据 * @return */ List<UserLike> getLikedDataFromRedis(); /** * 获取Redis中存储的所有点赞数量 * @return */ List<LikedCountDTO> getLikedCountFromRedis();}
实现类 RedisServiceImpl :
@Service @Slf4j public class RedisServiceImpl implements RedisService { @Autowired RedisTemplate redisTemplate; @Autowired LikedService likedService; @Override public void saveLiked2Redis(String likedUserId, String giveLikeId) { String key = RedisKeyUtils.getLikedKey(likedUserId, giveLikeId); redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED, key, LikedStatusEnum.LIKE.getCode()); } @Override public void unlikeFromRedis(String likedUserId, String giveLikeId) { String key = RedisKeyUtils.getLikedKey(likedUserId, giveLikeId); redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED, key, LikedStatusEnum.UNLIKE.getCode()); } @Override public void deleteLikedFromRedis(String likedUserId, String giveLikeId) { String key = RedisKeyUtils.getLikedKey(likedUserId, giveLikeId); redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED, key); } @Override public void incrementLikedCount(String likedUserId) { redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED_COUNT,likedUserId,1); } @Override public void decrementLikedCount(String likedUserId) { redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED_COUNT,likedUserId,-1); } @Override public List<UserLike> getLikedDataFromRedis() { Cursor<Map.Entry<Object, Object>> cursor =redisTemplate.opsForHash().scan(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED, ScanOptions.NONE); List<UserLike> list = new ArrayList<>(); while (cursor.hasNext()){ Map.Entry<Object, Object> entry = cursor.next(); String key = (String) entry.getKey(); //分离出 likedUserId,giveLikeId String[] split = key.split("::"); String likedUserId = split[0]; String giveLikeId = split[1]; Integer value = (Integer) entry.getValue(); //组装成 UserLike 对象 UserLike userLike = new UserLike(likedUserId, giveLikeId, value); list.add(userLike); //存到 list 后从 Redis 中删除 redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED, key); } return list; } @Override public List<LikedCountDTO> getLikedCountFromRedis() { Cursor<Map.Entry<Object, Object>> cursor = redisTemplate.opsForHash().scan(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED_COUNT, ScanOptions.NONE); List<LikedCountDTO> list = new ArrayList<>(); while (cursor.hasNext()){ Map.Entry<Object, Object> map = cursor.next(); //将点赞数量存储在 LikedCountDT String key = (String)map.getKey(); LikedCountDTO dto = new LikedCountDTO(key, (Integer) map.getValue()); list.add(dto); //从Redis中删除这条记录 redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(RedisKeyUtils.MAP_USER_LIKED_COUNT, key); } return list; } }
RedisKeyUtils, 用于根据一定规则生成 key
public class RedisKeyUtils { //保存用户点赞数据的key public static final String MAP_USER_LIKED = "MAP_USER_LIKED"; //保存用户被点赞数量的key public static final String MAP_USER_LIKED_COUNT = "MAP_USER_LIKED_COUNT"; /** * 拼接被点赞的用户id和点赞的人的id作为key。格式 001::1006 * @param likedUserId 被点赞的人id * @param giveLikeId 点赞的人的id * @return */ public static String getLikedKey(String likedUserId, String giveLikeId){ StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); builder.append(likedUserId); builder.append("::"); builder.append(giveLikeId); return builder.toString(); } }
LikedStatusEnum 用户点赞状态的枚举类
/** * 用户点赞的状态 */ @Getter public enum LikedStatusEnum { LIKE(1, "点赞"), UNLIKE(0, "取消点赞/未点赞"), ; private Integer code; private String msg; LikedStatusEnum(Integer code, String msg) { this.code = code; this.msg = msg; } }
数据库表中至少要包含三个字段:被点赞用户 id,点赞用户 id,点赞状态。再加上主键 id,创建时间,修改时间就行了。
create table `user_like`( `id` int not null auto_increment, `liked_user_id` varchar(32) not null comment '被点赞的用户id', `give_liked_id` varchar(32) not null comment '点赞的用户id', `status` tinyint(1) default '1' comment '点赞状态,0取消,1点赞', `create_time` timestamp not null default current_timestamp comment '创建 时间', `update_time` timestamp not null default current_timestamp on update current_timestamp comment '修改时间', primary key(`id`), INDEX `liked_user_id`(`liked_user_id`), INDEX `give_liked_id`(`give_liked_id`) ) comment '用户点赞表';
对应的对象 UserLike
/** * 用户点赞表 */ @Entity @Data public class UserLike { //主键id @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Integer id; //被点赞的用户的id private String likedUserId; //点赞的用户的id private String giveLikedId; //点赞的状态.默认未点赞 private Integer status = LikedStatusEnum.UNLIKE.getCode(); public UserLike() { } public UserLike(String likedUserId, String giveLikedId, Integer status) { this.likedUserId = likedUserId; this.giveLikedId = giveLikedId; this.status = status; } }
在service层操作数据库
public interface LikedService { /** * 保存点赞记录 * @param userLike * @return */ UserLike save(UserLike userLike); /** * 批量保存或修改 * @param list */ List<UserLike> saveAll(List<UserLike> list); /** * 根据被点赞人的id查询点赞列表(即查询都谁给这个人点赞过) * @param likedUserId 被点赞人的id * @param pageable * @return */ Page<UserLike> getLikedListByLikedUserId(String likedUserId, Pageable pageable); /** * 根据点赞人的id查询点赞列表(即查询这个人都给谁点赞过) * @param giveLikedId * @param pageable * @return */ Page<UserLike> getLikedListByGiveLikedId(String giveLikedId, Pageable pageable); /** * 通过被点赞人和点赞人id查询是否存在点赞记录 * @param likedUserId * @param giveLikedId * @return */ UserLike getByLikedUserIdAndGiveLikedId(String likedUserId, String giveLikedId); /** * 将Redis里的点赞数据存入数据库中 */ void transLikedFromRedis2DB(); /** * 将Redis中的点赞数量数据存入数据库 */ void transLikedCountFromRedis2DB(); }
LikedServiceImpl 实现类
@Service @Slf4j public class LikedServiceImpl implements LikedService { @Autowired UserLikeRepository likeRepository; @Autowired RedisService redisService; @Autowired UserService userService; @Override @Transactional public UserLike save(UserLike userLike) { return likeRepository.save(userLike); } @Override @Transactional public List<UserLike> saveAll(List<UserLike> list) { return likeRepository.saveAll(list); } @Override public Page<UserLike> getLikedListByLikedUserId(String likedUserId, Pageable pageable) { return likeRepository.findByLikedUserIdAndStatus(likedUserId, LikedStatusEnum.LIKE.getCode(), pageable); } @Override public Page<UserLike> getLikedListByGiveLikedId(String giveLikedId, Pageable pageable) { return likeRepository.findByGiveLikedIdAndStatus(giveLikedId, LikedStatusEnum.LIKE.getCode(), pageable); } @Override public UserLike getByLikedUserIdAndGiveLikedId(String likedUserId, String giveLikedId) { return likeRepository.findByLikedUserIdAndLikedPostId(likedUserId, giveLikedId); } @Override @Transactional public void transLikedFromRedis2DB() { List<UserLike> list = redisService.getLikedDataFromRedis(); for (UserLike like : list) { UserLike ul = getByLikedUserIdAndGiveLikedId(like.getLikedUserId(), like.getGiveLikedId()); if (ul == null){ //没有记录,直接存入 save(like); }else{ //有记录,需要更新 ul.setStatus(like.getStatus()); save(ul); } } } @Override @Transactional public void transLikedCountFromRedis2DB() { List<LikedCountDTO> list = redisService.getLikedCountFromRedis(); for (LikedCountDTO dto : list) { UserInfo user = userService.findById(dto.getId()); //点赞数量属于无关紧要的操作,出错无需抛异常 if (user != null){ Integer likeNum = user.getLikeNum() + dto.getCount(); user.setLikeNum(likeNum); //更新点赞数量 userService.updateInfo(user); } } } }
这里使用的是定时任务 Quartz框架
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId> </dependency>
@Configuration public class QuartzConfig { private static final String LIKE_TASK_IDENTITY = "LikeTaskQuartz"; @Bean public JobDetail quartzDetail(){ return JobBuilder.newJob(LikeTask.class).withIdentity(LIKE_TASK_IDENTITY).storeDurably().build(); } @Bean public Trigger quartzTrigger(){ SimpleScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule() .withIntervalInSeconds(10) //设置时间周期单位秒 .withIntervalInHours(2) //两个小时执行一次 .repeatForever(); return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().forJob(quartzDetail()) .withIdentity(LIKE_TASK_IDENTITY) .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder) .build(); } }
/** * 点赞的定时任务 */ @Slf4j public class LikeTask extends QuartzJobBean { @Autowired LikedService likedService; private SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); @Override protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException { log.info("LikeTask-------- {}", sdf.format(new Date())); //将 Redis 里的点赞信息同步到数据库里 likedService.transLikedFromRedis2DB(); likedService.transLikedCountFromRedis2DB(); } }
在定时任务中直接调用 LikedService 封装的方法完成数据同步。
1.点赞 / 取消点赞 跟 点赞数 +1/ -1 应该保证是原子操作 ,不然出现并发问题就会有两条重复的点赞记录 , 所以要给整个原子操作加锁 。
2.同时需要在 Spring Boot 的系统关闭钩子函数中补充同步 redis 中点赞数据到 mysql 中的过程 . 不然有可能出现距离上一次同步 1 小时 59 分的时候服务器更新 , 把整整两小时的点赞数据都给清空了 。