Python使用文件锁实现进程间同步功能【基于fcntl模块】

NAME
    fcntl - manipulate file descriptor
SYNOPSIS
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, ... /* arg */ );
DESCRIPTION
    fcntl() performs one of the operations described below on the open file descriptor fd. The operation is determined by cmd.
    fcntl() can take an optional third argument. Whether or not this argument is required is determined by cmd. The required argument type
    is indicated in parentheses after each cmd name (in most cases, the required type is int, and we identify the argument using the name
    arg), or void is specified if the argument is not required.
    Advisory record locking
    Linux implements traditional ("process-associated") UNIX record locks, as standardized by POSIX. For a Linux-specific alternative with
    better semantics, see the discussion of open file description locks below.
    F_SETLK, F_SETLKW, and F_GETLK are used to acquire, release, and test for the existence of record locks (also known as byte-range, file-
    segment, or file-region locks). The third argument, lock, is a pointer to a structure that has at least the following fields (in
    unspecified order).
      struct flock {
        ...
        short l_type;  /* Type of lock: F_RDLCK,
                  F_WRLCK, F_UNLCK */
        short l_whence; /* How to interpret l_start:
                  SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END */
        off_t l_start;  /* Starting offset for lock */
        off_t l_len;   /* Number of bytes to lock */
        pid_t l_pid;   /* PID of process blocking our lock
                  (set by F_GETLK and F_OFD_GETLK) */
        ...
      };

import fcntl
class Lock(object):
  def __init__(self, file_name):
    self.file_name = file_name
    self.handle = open(file_name, 'w')
  def lock(self):
    fcntl.flock(self.handle, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
  def unlock(self):
    fcntl.flock(self.handle, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
  def __del__(self):
    try:
      self.handle.close()
    except:
      pass

if __name__ == "__main__":
  parser = OptionParser()
  group = OptionGroup(parser, "FTP download tool", "Download build from ftp server")
  group.add_option("--server", type="string", help="FTP server's IP address")
  group.add_option("--username", type="string", help="User name")
  group.add_option("--password", type="string", help="User's password")
  group.add_option("--buildpath", type="string", help="Build path in the ftp server")
  group.add_option("--buildname", type="string", help="Build name to be downloaded")
  parser.add_option_group(group)
  (options, args) = parser.parse_args()
  local_dir = "/exports/images"
  lock_file = "/var/tmp/flock.txt"
  flock = Lock(lock_file)
  flock.lock()
  if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(local_dir, options.buildname)):
    log.info("build exists, nothing needs to be done")
    log.info("Download completed")
    flock.unlock()
    exit(0)
  log.info("start to download build " + options.buildname)
  t = paramiko.Transport((options.server, 22))
  t.connect(username=options.username, password=options.password)
  sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
  sftp.get(os.path.join(options.buildpath, options.buildname),
       os.path.join(local_dir, options.buildname))
  sftp.close()
  t.close()
  log.info("Download completed")
  flock.unlock()