利用ECharts.js画K线图的方法示例
时间：2020-10-20 15:01:45 | 栏目：JavaScript代码 | 点击：次
前言
最近有一个统计的项目要做，在前端的数据需要用图表的形式展示。网上搜索了一下，发现有几种统计图库。
MSChart
这个是Visual Studio里的自带控件，使用比较简单，不过数据这块需要在后台绑定。
ichartjs
是一款基于HTML5的图形库。使用纯javascript语言, 利用HTML5的canvas标签绘制各式图形。 支持饼图、环形图、折线图、面积图、柱形图、条形图等。
Chart.js
也是一款基于HTML5的图形库和ichartjs整体类似。不过Chart.js的教程文档没有ichartjs的详细。不过感觉在对于移动的适配上感觉比ichartjs要好一点。
ECharts.js
这是我准备在这个项目中使用的图形库，这也是一款基于HTML5的图形库。图形的创建也比较简单，直接引用Javascript即可。使用这个库的原因主要有三点，一个是因为这个库是百度的项目，而且一直有更新，目前最新的是EChart 3；第二个是这个库的项目文档比较详细，每个点都说明的比较清楚，而且是中文的，理解比较容易；第三点是这个库支持的图形很丰富，并且可以直接切换图形，使用起来很方便。
准备工作：
需引入echarts.js插件，开发环境建议选择源代码版本，该版本包含了常见的警告和错误提示。
官网下载地址： http://echarts.baidu.com/download.html
最新版本下载：https://www.jb51.net/codes/262041.html
更多用法可以参考这篇文章：https://www.jb51.net/article/120902.htm
下面是代码，注释很清楚，主要是js代码，可根据项目进行增删！
配置项说明： http://echarts.baidu.com/option.html#title
示例代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>5分钟上手ECharts</title>
<!-- 引入ECharts文件 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="./echarts.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 为ECharts准备一个具备大小（宽高）的DOM -->
<div id="main" style="width: 1200px; height: 600px;"></div>
<!-- js代码 -->
<script type="text/javascript">
/*基于准备好的dom，初始化echarts实例*/
var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
// 数据意义：开盘(open)，收盘(close)，最低(lowest)，最高(highest)
var data0 = splitData([
['2013/1/24', 2320.26,2320.26,2287.3,2362.94],
['2013/1/25', 2300,2291.3,2288.26,2308.38],
['2013/1/28', 2295.35,2346.5,2295.35,2346.92],
['2013/1/29', 2347.22,2358.98,2337.35,2363.8],
['2013/1/30', 2360.75,2382.48,2347.89,2383.76],
['2013/1/31', 2383.43,2385.42,2371.23,2391.82],
['2013/2/1', 2377.41,2419.02,2369.57,2421.15],
['2013/2/4', 2425.92,2428.15,2417.58,2440.38],
['2013/2/5', 2411,2433.13,2403.3,2437.42],
['2013/2/6', 2432.68,2434.48,2427.7,2441.73],
['2013/2/7', 2430.69,2418.53,2394.22,2433.89],
['2013/2/8', 2416.62,2432.4,2414.4,2443.03],
['2013/2/18', 2441.91,2421.56,2415.43,2444.8],
['2013/2/19', 2420.26,2382.91,2373.53,2427.07],
['2013/2/20', 2383.49,2397.18,2370.61,2397.94],
['2013/2/21', 2378.82,2325.95,2309.17,2378.82],
['2013/2/22', 2322.94,2314.16,2308.76,2330.88],
['2013/2/25', 2320.62,2325.82,2315.01,2338.78],
['2013/2/26', 2313.74,2293.34,2289.89,2340.71],
['2013/2/27', 2297.77,2313.22,2292.03,2324.63],
['2013/2/28', 2322.32,2365.59,2308.92,2366.16],
['2013/3/1', 2364.54,2359.51,2330.86,2369.65],
['2013/3/4', 2332.08,2273.4,2259.25,2333.54],
['2013/3/5', 2274.81,2326.31,2270.1,2328.14],
['2013/3/6', 2333.61,2347.18,2321.6,2351.44],
['2013/3/7', 2340.44,2324.29,2304.27,2352.02],
['2013/3/8', 2326.42,2318.61,2314.59,2333.67],
['2013/3/11', 2314.68,2310.59,2296.58,2320.96],
['2013/3/12', 2309.16,2286.6,2264.83,2333.29],
['2013/3/13', 2282.17,2263.97,2253.25,2286.33],
['2013/3/14', 2255.77,2270.28,2253.31,2276.22],
['2013/3/15', 2269.31,2278.4,2250,2312.08],
['2013/3/18', 2267.29,2240.02,2239.21,2276.05],
['2013/3/19', 2244.26,2257.43,2232.02,2261.31],
['2013/3/20', 2257.74,2317.37,2257.42,2317.86],
['2013/3/21', 2318.21,2324.24,2311.6,2330.81],
['2013/3/22', 2321.4,2328.28,2314.97,2332],
['2013/3/25', 2334.74,2326.72,2319.91,2344.89],
['2013/3/26', 2318.58,2297.67,2281.12,2319.99],
['2013/3/27', 2299.38,2301.26,2289,2323.48],
['2013/3/28', 2273.55,2236.3,2232.91,2273.55],
['2013/3/29', 2238.49,2236.62,2228.81,2246.87],
['2013/4/1', 2229.46,2234.4,2227.31,2243.95],
['2013/4/2', 2234.9,2227.74,2220.44,2253.42],
['2013/4/3', 2232.69,2225.29,2217.25,2241.34],
['2013/4/8', 2196.24,2211.59,2180.67,2212.59],
['2013/4/9', 2215.47,2225.77,2215.47,2234.73],
['2013/4/10', 2224.93,2226.13,2212.56,2233.04],
['2013/4/11', 2236.98,2219.55,2217.26,2242.48],
['2013/4/12', 2218.09,2206.78,2204.44,2226.26],
['2013/4/15', 2199.91,2181.94,2177.39,2204.99],
['2013/4/16', 2169.63,2194.85,2165.78,2196.43],
['2013/4/17', 2195.03,2193.8,2178.47,2197.51],
['2013/4/18', 2181.82,2197.6,2175.44,2206.03],
['2013/4/19', 2201.12,2244.64,2200.58,2250.11],
['2013/4/22', 2236.4,2242.17,2232.26,2245.12],
['2013/4/23', 2242.62,2184.54,2182.81,2242.62],
['2013/4/24', 2187.35,2218.32,2184.11,2226.12],
['2013/4/25', 2213.19,2199.31,2191.85,2224.63],
['2013/4/26', 2203.89,2177.91,2173.86,2210.58],
['2013/5/2', 2170.78,2174.12,2161.14,2179.65],
['2013/5/3', 2179.05,2205.5,2179.05,2222.81],
['2013/5/6', 2212.5,2231.17,2212.5,2236.07],
['2013/5/7', 2227.86,2235.57,2219.44,2240.26],
['2013/5/8', 2242.39,2246.3,2235.42,2255.21],
['2013/5/9', 2246.96,2232.97,2221.38,2247.86],
['2013/5/10', 2228.82,2246.83,2225.81,2247.67],
['2013/5/13', 2247.68,2241.92,2231.36,2250.85],
['2013/5/14', 2238.9,2217.01,2205.87,2239.93],
['2013/5/15', 2217.09,2224.8,2213.58,2225.19],
['2013/5/16', 2221.34,2251.81,2210.77,2252.87],
['2013/5/17', 2249.81,2282.87,2248.41,2288.09],
['2013/5/20', 2286.33,2299.99,2281.9,2309.39],
['2013/5/21', 2297.11,2305.11,2290.12,2305.3],
['2013/5/22', 2303.75,2302.4,2292.43,2314.18],
['2013/5/23', 2293.81,2275.67,2274.1,2304.95],
['2013/5/24', 2281.45,2288.53,2270.25,2292.59],
['2013/5/27', 2286.66,2293.08,2283.94,2301.7],
['2013/5/28', 2293.4,2321.32,2281.47,2322.1],
['2013/5/29', 2323.54,2324.02,2321.17,2334.33],
['2013/5/30', 2316.25,2317.75,2310.49,2325.72],
['2013/5/31', 2320.74,2300.59,2299.37,2325.53],
['2013/6/3', 2300.21,2299.25,2294.11,2313.43],
['2013/6/4', 2297.1,2272.42,2264.76,2297.1],
['2013/6/5', 2270.71,2270.93,2260.87,2276.86],
['2013/6/6', 2264.43,2242.11,2240.07,2266.69],
['2013/6/7', 2242.26,2210.9,2205.07,2250.63],
['2013/6/13', 2190.1,2148.35,2126.22,2190.1]
]);
//切割数组，把数组中的日期和数据分离，返回数组中的日期和数据
function splitData(rawData) {
var categoryData = [];
var values = [];
for (var i = 0; i < rawData.length; i++) {
//splice 返回每组数组中被删除的第一项，即返回数组中被删除的日期
//alert(rawData[i].splice(0, 1)[0]);
//categoryData 日期 把返回的日期放到categoryData[]数组中
categoryData.push(rawData[i].splice(0, 1)[0]);
//alert(categoryData);
//数据数组，即数组中除日期外的数据
// alert(rawData[i]);
values.push(rawData[i])
}
return {
categoryData: categoryData, //数组中的日期 x轴对应的日期
values: values //数组中的数据 y轴对应的数据
};
}
//计算MA平均线，N日移动平均线=N日收盘价之和/N dayCount要计算的天数(5,10,20,30)
function calculateMA(dayCount) {
var result = [];
for (var i = 0, len = data0.values.length; i < len; i++) {
if (i < dayCount) {
result.push('-');
//alert(result);
continue; //结束单次循环，即不输出本次结果
}
var sum = 0;
for (var j = 0; j < dayCount; j++) {
//收盘价总和
sum += data0.values[i - j][1];
//alert(sum);
}
result.push(sum / dayCount);
// alert(result);
}
return result;
}
option = {
title: { //标题
text: '上证指数',
left: 0
},
tooltip: { //提示框
trigger: 'axis', //触发类型：坐标轴触发
axisPointer: { //坐标轴指示器配置项
type: 'cross' //指示器类型，十字准星
}
},
legend: { //图例控件，点击图例控制哪些系列不现实
data: ['日K', 'MA5', 'MA10', 'MA20', 'MA30']
},
grid: { //直角坐标系
show:true,
left: '10%', //grid组件离容器左侧的距离
right: '10%',
bottom: '15%',
//backgroundColor:'#ccc'
},
xAxis: {
type: 'category', //坐标轴类型，类目轴
data: data0.categoryData,
//scale: true, //只在数字轴中有效
boundaryGap : false, //刻度作为分割线，标签和数据点会在两个刻度上
axisLine: {onZero: false},
splitLine: {show: false}, //是否显示坐标轴轴线
//splitNumber: 20, //坐标轴的分割段数，预估值，在类目轴中无效
min: 'dataMin', //特殊值，数轴上的最小值作为最小刻度
max: 'dataMax' //特殊值，数轴上的最大值作为最大刻度
},
yAxis: {
scale: true, //坐标刻度不强制包含零刻度
splitArea: {
show: true //显示分割区域
}
},
dataZoom: [ //用于区域缩放
{
filterMode:'filter', //当前数据窗口外的数据被过滤掉来达到数据窗口缩放的效果 默认值filter
type: 'inside', //内置型数据区域缩放组件
start: 50, //数据窗口范围的起始百分比
end: 100 //数据窗口范围的结束百分比
},
{
show: true,
type: 'slider', //滑动条型数据区域缩放组件
y: '90%',
start: 50,
end: 100
}
],
series: [ //图表类型
{
name: '日K',
type: 'candlestick', //K线图
data: data0.values, //y轴对应的数据
////////////////////////图标标注/////////////////////////////
markPoint: { //图表标注
label: { //标注的文本
normal: { //默认不显示标注
show:true,
//position:['20%','30%'],
formatter: function (param) { //标签内容控制器
return param != null ? Math.round(param.value) : '';
}
}
},
data: [ //标注的数据数组
{
name: 'XX标点',
coord: ['2013/5/31', 2300], //指定数据的坐标位置
value: 2300,
itemStyle: { //图形样式
normal: {color: 'rgb(41,60,85)'}
}
},
{
name: 'highest value',
type: 'max', //最大值
valueDim: 'highest' //在highest维度上的最大值 最高价
},
{
name: 'lowest value',
type: 'min',
valueDim: 'lowest' //最低价
},
{
name: 'average value on close',
type: 'average',
valueDim: 'close' //收盘价
}
],
tooltip: { //提示框
formatter: function (param) {
return param.name + '<br>' + (param.data.coord || '');
}
}
},
/////////////////////////////////图标标线///////////////////////////
markLine: {
symbol: ['none', 'none'], //标线两端的标记类型
data: [
[
{
name: 'from lowest to highest',
type: 'min', //设置该标线为最小值的线
valueDim: 'lowest', //指定在哪个维度上的最小值
symbol: 'circle',
symbolSize: 10, //起点标记的大小
label: { //normal默认，emphasis高亮
normal: {show: false}, //不显示标签
emphasis: {show: false} //不显示标签
}
},
{
type: 'max',
valueDim: 'highest',
symbol: 'circle',
symbolSize: 10,
label: {
normal: {show: false},
emphasis: {show: false}
}
}
],
{
name: 'min line on close',
type: 'min',
valueDim: 'close'
},
{
name: 'max line on close',
type: 'max',
valueDim: 'close'
}
]
}
},
{ //MA5 5天内的收盘价之和/5
name: 'MA5',
type: 'line',
data: calculateMA(5),
smooth: true,
lineStyle: {
normal: {opacity: 0.5}
}
},
{
name: 'MA10',
type: 'line',
data: calculateMA(10),
smooth: true,
lineStyle: { //标线的样式
normal: {opacity: 0.5}
}
},
{
name: 'MA20',
type: 'line',
data: calculateMA(20),
smooth: true,
lineStyle: {
normal: {opacity: 0.5}
}
},
{
name: 'MA30',
type: 'line',
data: calculateMA(30),
smooth: true,
lineStyle: {
normal: {opacity: 0.5}
}
},
]
};
// 使用刚指定的配置项和数据显示图表
myChart.setOption(option);
</script>
</body>
</html>
运行结果：
总结