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MySQL分区表的基本入门教程

时间:2021-05-14 10:37:32 | 栏目:Mysql | 点击:

前言

在最近的项目中,我们需要保存大量的数据,而且这些数据是有有效期的,为了提供查询效率以及快速删除过期数据,我们选择了MySQL的分区机制。把数据按照时间进行分区。

分区类型

分区命令

创建分区

CREATE TABLE `access_log` (
 `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `access_time` datetime NOT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`access_time`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (to_days(access_time))
(PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days(20190101)) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days(20190102)) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (to_days(20190103)) ENGINE = InnoDB) */;

创建后可以看到,每个分区都会对应1个ibd文件


分区表

新增分区

alter table access_log add partition(
 partition p4 values less than (to_days('20190105'))
);

删除分区

alter table access_log drop partition p1;

拆分分区

alter table access_log reorganize partition p4 into(
 -> partition s0 values less than(to_days('20190104')),
 -> partition s1 values less than(to_days('20190105'))
 -> );

合并分区

alter table access_log reorganize partition s0,s1 into ( 
 partition p4 values less than (to_days('20190105')) 
);

注意事项

常见问题

alter table access_log partition by range(to_days(access_time))(
partition p1 values less than (to_days('20191202')), 
partition p2 values less than (to_days('20191203')), 
 partition po values less than (maxvalue)
)

参考

总结

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