C语言实现大学生考勤管理系统

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define maxsize 15
#define maxnum 1000
 
typedef struct {
 char Student_ID[maxsize];
 char Name[maxsize];
 char Class_Number[maxsize];
 char Attandance_date[maxsize];
 char Attandance_Result[maxsize];
} student;
 
student Students[maxnum];
 
int num = 0;
char buf[maxsize];
/*实现每次输入结束最后输入回车退出的功能，更好的实现与用户的交互 */
void wait_for_Enter() {
 getchar();
 getchar();
}
/*为了实现对日期进行排序，我的想法是对于月份，直接用atoi截取出来转化成月份，对于天数，则需要用以下函数计算*/
int convert(char str[]) {
 int i,j,res = 0, cnt = 0;
 for (i = strlen(str) - 3; i >= 0; i--) {
 if (str[i] >= '0'&&str[i] <= '9') res *= 10, res += (str[i] - '0');
 else break;
 }
 return res;//返回天数，也就是一月中的第几天，例如11月5日，返回的就是5;5月23日，返回的就是23
}
/*该函数实现的是把student类型变量b的所有信息赋给student类型的变量a*/
void copy(student *a,student *b) {
 strcpy(a->Student_ID , b->Student_ID);
 strcpy(a->Name , b->Name);
 strcpy(a->Class_Number , b->Class_Number);
 strcpy(a->Attandance_Result , b->Attandance_Result);
 strcpy(a->Attandance_date , b->Attandance_date);
}
/*此函数的作用是实现对已存在的学生不可再次添加的作用*/
bool judge(char *ID) {
 int i;
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Student_ID, ID) == 0) return false;
 }
 return true;
}
/*输入函数，为了简化代码*/
void setInfo(char pinfo[], char desinfo[]) {
 printf("%s：", pinfo);
 scanf("%s", desinfo);
}
/*输出每个学生的详细信息*/
void PrintAllInformation() {
 int i;
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
 printf("%s %s %s %s %s\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result);
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("打印成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*输出每个学生的部分信息*/
void PrintPartInformation() {
 int i;
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
 printf("%s %s %s\n", Students[i].Name, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result);
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("打印成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*该函数实现的是向系统中添加同学*/
void ADD() {
 char ID[maxsize];
 printf("请输入学生的学号：");
 scanf("%s", ID);
 if (!judge(ID)) {
 printf("此人已经存在\n");
 printf("添加完成！请按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
 return;
 }
 strcpy(Students[num].Student_ID, ID);
 setInfo("请输入学生的姓名", Students[num].Name);
 setInfo("请输入学生的班级", Students[num].Class_Number);
 setInfo("请输入学生的考勤日期", Students[num].Attandance_date);
 setInfo("请输入学生的考勤结果出 勤 √ 旷 课 X 事 假 △ 病 假 ○ 迟 到 + 早 退 ?C", Students[num].Attandance_Result);
 num++;//同学人数加一
 printf("添加成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*该函数实现的是查找的功能，可以按学号，姓名，考勤日期进行查找*/
void Find() {
 int i, op, flag = -1;
 char information[maxsize];
 printf("<1>按学号查找 <2>按姓名查找 <3>按考勤日期查找\n");
 scanf("%d", &op);
 if (op == 1) {
 printf("请输入该生学号：");
 scanf("%s", information);
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(information, Students[i].Student_ID) == 0) printf("%s %s %s %s %s\n\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result), flag = 1;
 
 }
 } else if (op == 2) {
 printf("请输入该生姓名：");
 scanf("%s", information);
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(information, Students[i].Name) == 0) printf("%s %s %s %s %s\n\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result), flag = 1;
 }
 } else {
 printf("请输入考勤日期：");
 scanf("%s", information);
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(information, Students[i].Attandance_date) == 0) printf("%s %s %s %s %s\n\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result), flag = 1;;
 }
 }
 if (flag == -1) printf("不存在此信息！\n");
 printf("查找完成！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*该函数实现的是对系统中已经存在的信息进行修改，类似上面的查找，也可以根据不同的信息选择想要修改的信息进行修改*/
void Change() {
 int i, j = -1;
 char op[2], information[maxsize], find[maxsize];
 printf("<1>按学号修改 <2>按姓名修改 <3>按考勤日期修改\n");
 scanf("%s", op);
 if (op[0] == '1') setInfo("请输入该生学号", information);
 else if (op[0] == '2') setInfo("请输入该生姓名", information);
 else setInfo("请输入考核日期", information);
 strcpy(find, information);
 if(op[0]=='1')
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(find, Students[i].Student_ID) == 0) j = i;
 }
 else if(op[0]=='2')
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(find, Students[i].Name) == 0) j = i;
 }
 else
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(find, Students[i].Attandance_date) == 0) j = i;
 }
 if (j == -1) {
 printf("不存在要找的信息！\n");
 printf("修改完成！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
 return;
 }
 setInfo("<1>修改学号 <2>修改姓名 <3>修改考勤日期", op);
 if (op[0] == '1') {
 setInfo("请输入修改后的新学号", information);
 strcpy(Students[j].Student_ID, information);
 } else if (op[0] == '2') {
 setInfo("请输入修改后的新姓名", information);
 strcpy(Students[j].Name, information);
 } else {
 setInfo("请输入修改后的新考核日期", information);
 strcpy(Students[j].Attandance_date, information);
 }
 printf("修改完成！按回车键返回！\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*该函数实现的是对已经存在于系统种的同学的信息进行删除操作，具体想法是学生人数num--，后面所有人的信息前移一个位置，实现信息的覆盖*/
void Delete() {
 int i, j,flag = -1;
 char op[2],information[maxsize];
 setInfo("请输入：<1>按学号删除<2>按姓名删除", op);
 if (op[0] == '1') {
 setInfo("请输入学号", information);
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Student_ID, information) == 0) {
 flag = 1;
 for (j = i + 1; j < num; j++) {
 copy(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 
 }
 }
 }
 } else {
 setInfo("请输入姓名", information);
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Name, information) == 0) {
 flag = 1;
 for (j = i + 1; j < num; j++) {
 copy(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 
 }
 }
 }
 }
 if (flag == -1) {
 printf("不存在此信息！\n");
 printf("删除完成！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
 return ;
 }
 num--;
 printf("不存在此信息！\n");
 printf("删除完成！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*此函数实现的是功能5 对系统中已经存在的信息进行输出*/
void Print() {
 int op;
 printf("请选择\n<1>部分打印（输出学生姓名和考勤日期和考勤情况）\n<2>全部打印（输出所有学生的所有信息）：");
 scanf("%d", &op);
 if (op == 1) PrintPartInformation();
 else PrintAllInformation();
 
}
/*交换两个变量的所有成员的数值，因为成员都是char数组，所以用到了strcmp函数。此函数主要是为排序进行服务，采用指针进行交换*/
void exchange(student *a, student *b) {
 char tmp[maxsize];
 strcpy(tmp, a->Student_ID);
 strcpy(a->Student_ID, b->Student_ID);
 strcpy(b->Student_ID, tmp);
 
 strcpy(tmp, a->Name);
 strcpy(a->Name, b->Name);
 strcpy(b->Name, tmp);
 
 strcpy(tmp, a->Class_Number);
 strcpy(a->Class_Number, b->Class_Number);
 strcpy(b->Class_Number, tmp);
 
 strcpy(tmp, a->Attandance_Result);
 strcpy(a->Attandance_Result, b->Attandance_Result);
 strcpy(b->Attandance_Result, tmp);
 
 strcpy(tmp, a->Attandance_date);
 strcpy(a->Attandance_date, b->Attandance_date);
 strcpy(b->Attandance_date, tmp);
 return;
}
/*实现功能6排序，可以按学号，姓名，考勤日期进行排序，使用的是冒泡排序对所要求的信息进行排序*/
void Order() {
 int op, i, j;
 char tmp[maxsize];
 printf("请输入：<1>按学号从小到大排序 <2>按学生姓名ASCLL码排序 <3>按考勤日期从小到大排序：\n");
 scanf("%d", &op);
 if (op == 1) {
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 for (j = i+1; j < num; j++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Student_ID, Students[j].Student_ID) > 0) {
 exchange(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 }
 }
 }
 } else if (op == 2) {
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 for (j = i+1; j < num; j++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Name, Students[j].Name) > 0) {
 exchange(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 }
 }
 }
 } else {
 int month_1, month_2, day_1, day_2;
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 month_1 = atoi(Students[i].Attandance_date);
 day_1 = convert(Students[i].Attandance_date);
 for (j = i+1; j < num; j++) {
 month_2 = atoi(Students[j].Attandance_date);
 day_2 = convert(Students[j].Attandance_date);
 if(month_1>month_2) exchange(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 else if(month_1==month_2&&day_1>day_2) exchange(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 }
 
 }
 }
 printf("排序成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*输出考勤明细表，考勤明细表具体值得是啥样的表，是按我个人的理解，如果我理解有问题，可以再叫我改*/ 
void Detail_Print() {
 int i, j;
 char tmp[maxsize];
 int month_1, month_2, day_1, day_2;
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 month_1 = atoi(Students[i].Attandance_date);
 day_1 = convert(Students[i].Attandance_date);
 for (j = 0; j < num; j++) {
 month_2 = atoi(Students[j].Attandance_date);
 day_2 = convert(Students[j].Attandance_date);
 if (month_1 < month_2) exchange(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 else if (month_1 == month_2 && day_1 < day_2) exchange(&Students[i], &Students[j]);
 }
 }
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("考勤明细表：\n");
 printf("%s：\n", Students[0].Attandance_date);
 printf("%s %s %s %s\n", Students[0].Student_ID, Students[0].Name, Students[0].Class_Number, Students[0].Attandance_Result);
 strcmp(tmp, Students[0].Attandance_date);
 for (i = 1; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Attandance_date, tmp) != 0) {
 printf("%s：\n", Students[i].Attandance_date);
 strcmp(tmp, Students[i].Attandance_date);
 }
 printf("%s %s %s %s\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_Result);
 }
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("打印成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*考勤日报表*/ 
void Daily_Print() {
 int i;
 char information[maxsize];
 setInfo("请输入要查看的日期", information);
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("%s的考勤情况：\n", information);
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(information, Students[i].Attandance_date) == 0) printf("%s %s %s %s\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_Result);
 }
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("打印成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*考勤异常表，输出所有不是 ‘对勾 '的人的信息*/ 
void Informal_Print() {
 int i, cnt = 0;
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("考勤异常表：\n");
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Attandance_Result, "√") != 0)
 printf("%s %s %s %s %s\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result), cnt++;
 }
 printf("考勤异常人数：%d人\n", cnt);
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("打印成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*请假异常表，输出所有请假的人的信息*/ 
void AskForLeave_Print() {
 int i, cnt = 0;
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("请假异常表\n");
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 if (strcmp(Students[i].Attandance_Result, "○") == 0 || strcmp(Students[i].Attandance_Result, "○") == 0)
 printf("%s %s %s %s %s\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result), cnt++;
 }
 printf("请假人数：%d人\n", cnt);
 printf("------------------------------------\n");
 printf("打印成功！按回车键返回\n");
 wait_for_Enter();
}
/*事项功能7进行数据统计*/ 
void Statistics() {
 char op[2];
 setInfo("请选择\n<1>考勤明细表\n<2>考勤日报表\n<3>考勤异常表\n<4>请假汇总表",op);
 if (op[0] == '1') {
 Detail_Print();
 } else if (op[0] == '2') {
 Daily_Print();
 } else if (op[0] == '3') {
 Informal_Print();
 } else {
 AskForLeave_Print();
 }
}
 
int main() {
 int i, a, b = 1;
 FILE *fp= fopen("Manage.txt", "at+");
 if (!fp) {
 printf("错误！未能打开文件\n");
 exit(0);
 }
 fscanf(fp, "%d", &num);//读入已经在系统中的学生的个数 
 printf("当前系统中储存的学生个数：%d人\n", num);
 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {//读入系统中学生的信息 
 fscanf(fp, "%s%s%s%s%s", &Students[i].Student_ID, &Students[i].Name, &Students[i].Class_Number, &Students[i].Attandance_date, &Students[i].Attandance_Result);
 }
 fclose(fp);
 while (b != 0) {
 printf("==============================================================================\n\n");
 printf("  大学生考勤系统\n\n");
 printf("==============================================================================\n\n");
 printf("<1> 新增学生数据 <2> 查找学生数据 <3>修改学生记录 \n");
 printf("<4>删除学生记录 <5> 显示学生考勤的数据列表 <6> 对指定数据进行排序 \n");
 printf("<7>进行数据统计 <8> quit\n\n");
 scanf("%d", &a);
 switch (a) {
 case 1:
 ADD();
 break;
 case 2:
 Find();
 break;
 case 3:
 Change();
 break;
 case 4:
 Delete();
 break;
 case 5:
 Print();
 break;
 case 6:
 Order();
 break;
 case 7:
 Statistics();
 break;
 case 8:
 printf("已退出\n");
 b = 0;
 break;
 }
 system("cls");//清屏函数，为了使界面更加美观 
 }
 //在最后把信息输入到文件，保留以备下次运行使用 
 FILE *F=fopen("Manage.txt","wt");//注意这里是wt 只写打开或建立一个文本文件，只允许写数据
 fprintf(F, "%d\n", num);
 for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
 fprintf(F, "%s %s %s %s %s\n", Students[i].Student_ID, Students[i].Name, Students[i].Class_Number, Students[i].Attandance_date, Students[i].Attandance_Result);
 }
 fclose(F);
 //文件操作结束 
 return 0;
}