详解Python如何实现尾递归优化

def normal_recursion(n):
    if n == 1:
        return 1
    else:
        return n + normal_recursion(n-1)

def tail_recursion(n, total=0):
    if n == 0:
        return total
    else:
        return tail_recursion(n-1, total+n)

int tail_recursion(int n, int total) {
    if (n == 0) {
        return total;
    }
    else {
        return tail_recursion(n-1, total+n);
    }
}

int main(void) {
    int total = 0, n = 4;
    tail_recursion(n, total);
    return 0;
}

#!/usr/bin/env python2.4
# This program shows off a python decorator(
# which implements tail call optimization. It
# does this by throwing an exception if it is
# it's own grandparent, and catching such
# exceptions to recall the stack.

import sys

class TailRecurseException:
    def __init__(self, args, kwargs):
        self.args = args
        self.kwargs = kwargs

def tail_call_optimized(g):
    """
    This function decorates a function with tail call
    optimization. It does this by throwing an exception
    if it is it's own grandparent, and catching such
    exceptions to fake the tail call optimization.

    This function fails if the decorated
    function recurses in a non-tail context.
    """
    def func(*args, **kwargs):
        f = sys._getframe()
        if f.f_back and f.f_back.f_back \
            and f.f_back.f_back.f_code == f.f_code:
            # 抛出异常
            raise TailRecurseException(args, kwargs)
        else:
            while 1:
                try:
                    return g(*args, **kwargs)
                except TailRecurseException, e:
                    args = e.args
                    kwargs = e.kwargs
    func.__doc__ = g.__doc__
    return func

@tail_call_optimized
def factorial(n, acc=1):
    "calculate a factorial"
    if n == 0:
        return acc
    return factorial(n-1, n*acc)

print factorial(10000)

import sys

def get_cur_info():
    print sys._getframe().f_code.co_filename  # 当前文件名
    print sys._getframe().f_code.co_name  # 当前函数名
    print sys._getframe().f_lineno # 当前行号
    print sys._getframe().f_back # 调用者的帧