Qt自定义Plot实现曲线绘制的详细过程

/*
 * 作者:老人与海
 * 博客:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41340733
 * 代码不保证稳定性，请勿用于商业用途
 */

#ifndef PLOT_H
#define PLOT_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTimer>
#include <QList>
#include <QWheelEvent>
#include <QMouseEvent>
#include "plotdata.h"
typedef struct _RangeVal
{
    double Beg;
    double End;
    double offSet;
    bool IsOffSet;
    _RangeVal()
    {
        Beg=0;
        End=0;
        offSet=0;
        IsOffSet=false;
    }
}_RangeVal;

//鼠标跟中点
class Tracking
{
public:
    Tracking()
    {
        m_IsDraw=false;
        m_IsMove=false;
        m_IsInit=false;
        m_First=false;
        m_radius=25;
        m_PointCenter=QPoint(0,0);
    }
    ~Tracking(){}
    bool getIsRange(QPoint point)
    {
        if(point.x()>(m_PointCenter.x()-m_radius)&&
                point.x()<(m_PointCenter.x()+m_radius)&&
                point.y()>(m_PointCenter.y()-m_radius)&&
                point.y()<(m_PointCenter.y()+m_radius))
        {
            return true;
        }else{
            return false;
        }
    }
public:
    bool m_IsDraw;
    bool m_IsMove;//鼠标焦点
    bool m_IsInit;
    bool m_First;
    int m_radius;
    QPoint m_PointCenter;//绘制圆心
};

/**
 * @brief The CoorAxis class
 * 类名：CoorAxis
 * 功能：坐标轴部件，用来绘制XY坐标轴，使用时必须用Plot的ticker类进行初始化，否则无法正常绘制坐标
 */
class CoorAxis : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit CoorAxis(QWidget *parent = nullptr,Ticker *ticker= nullptr);
    virtual ~CoorAxis();

    Ticker *ticker(){ return m_Ticker; }
    void mouseMove(QMouseEvent *event);
signals:
    void sig_UpdateUI();
public slots:
    void slots_sendCoorWheel(QWheelEvent *event);
    void slots_sendCoorMouse(QMouseEvent *event,QPoint point,bool IsFirst=false);
protected:
   void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event);
   void drawTickerX(QPainter *painter);//绘制X轴
   void drawTickerY_L(QPainter *painter);//绘制左边Y轴
   void drawTickerY_R(QPainter *painter);//绘制右边Y轴
   void wheelEvent(QWheelEvent *event);//滚轮事件，缩放曲线图像
   void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event);//按下事件，记录坐标和按下标志
   void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event);//抬起事件，取消按下标志
   void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *event);//鼠标移动事件，移动曲线

protected:
   Ticker *m_Ticker;
   int m_LastLength;
   int m_margin;

   bool IsPress=false;
   QPoint m_FirstPoint;
};


class Plot : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit Plot(QWidget *parent=nullptr);
    virtual ~Plot();

    void ValueInit();
    Ticker *tickerX();
    Ticker *tickerL();
    Ticker *tickerR();
    void addGraph();
    void GraphClear(){ m_XyGraph.clear(); }
    int getGraphCount(){ return m_XyGraph.count(); }
    _XYList *Graph(int index);
    QList<_XYList> &GraphGroup(){ return m_XyGraph; }
    void setTrackVisibel(bool isVisbel){ m_Tracking.m_IsDraw=isVisbel; }
    bool getTrackVisibel(){ return m_Tracking.m_IsDraw; }
    void setIsDrawPath(bool value){ m_IsDrawPath=value; }
    bool getIsDrawPath(){ return m_IsDrawPath; }

    void coordToPixel(_COORDINATEVALUE *Value,_TICKERTYPE Type);
    void coordToPixel(double &key,double &value,_TICKERTYPE Type);
    void PixelToCoorKey(double &key,_TICKERTYPE Type);
    void PixelToCoorValue(double &value,_TICKERTYPE Type);
    void PixelToCoord(QPointF &pointf,_TICKERTYPE Type);
    void getOptimizedLineData(QVector<QPointF> *lineData,int index);

    void calculateTrackValue(QPoint Point);
    void setBackgroundColor(QColor color){ m_BackgroundColor=color; }
    QColor getBackgroundColor(){ return m_BackgroundColor; }
signals:
    void sig_sendCoorWheel(QWheelEvent *event);
    void sig_sendCoorMouse(QMouseEvent *event,QPoint point,bool IsFirst=false);
    void sig_UpdateUI();
    void sig_UpdateTrack();//刷新跟踪点数据
public slots:

protected:
   void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event);
   void drawGrid(QPainter *painter);//绘制网格
   void drawPath(QPainter *painter);//绘制曲线
   void drawCursor(QPainter *painter);//绘制跟踪点
   void drawTickerX(QPainter *painter);//绘制X轴
   void drawTickerY_L(QPainter *painter);//绘制左边Y轴
   void drawTickerY_R(QPainter *painter);//绘制右边Y轴

   void wheelEvent(QWheelEvent *event);//滚轮事件，缩放曲线图像
   void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event);//按下事件，记录坐标和按下标志
   void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event);//抬起事件，取消按下标志
   void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *event);//鼠标移动事件，移动曲线
   void showEvent(QShowEvent *event);//显示事件
   bool event(QEvent *event);//事件，实现多点触控功能，目前只对两个触控点做了处理

public:
   QPixmap m_PixMapCursor;//跟踪点绘制图像缓冲
   Tracking m_Tracking;
protected:
   Ticker *m_TickerX;
   Ticker *m_TickerL;
   Ticker *m_TickerR;

   bool IsPress=false;
   bool m_IsTouch=false;

   QPoint m_ClickedPoint;
   qreal m_scaleFactorX=0.0;
   qreal m_scaleFactorY=0.0;
   QList<_XYList> m_XyGraph;

   QColor m_BackgroundColor;
   bool m_IsDrawPath;//是否绘制曲线，在多线程添加数据的时候调用，添加数据时禁止绘制曲线
private:
   friend class Ticker;
};

class CurveWid : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit CurveWid(QWidget *parent = nullptr);

    void DataInit();
    void reUpdate();
    void reUpdateAll();
signals:

public slots:
    void slots_UpdateUI();
    void slots_TimeOut();
protected:
    void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event);
public:
    CoorAxis *m_AxisX;
    CoorAxis *m_AxisL;
    CoorAxis *m_AxisR;

    Plot *m_Plot;
    QTimer *m_Timer;
};


#endif // PLOT_H

/*
 * 作者:老人与海 
 * 博客:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41340733
 * 代码不保证稳定性，请勿用于商业用途
 */


#ifndef PLOTDATA_H
#define PLOTDATA_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QVector>
#include <QColor>
class CoorAxis;

//_COORDINATEVALUE单个数据点结构体
typedef struct _COORDINATEVALUE
{
    double Key;
    double Value;
    _COORDINATEVALUE()
    {
        Key=0;
        Value=0;
    }
}_COORDINATEVALUE;
//坐标轴绘制的文本类型，包括时间毫秒，时间秒，数值
typedef enum _TEXT_TYPE
{
    _TimeMs,
    _TimeS,
    CountVal
}_TEXT_TYPE;
//坐标轴类型，XAxis表示X轴,YAxis_L表示左边的Y轴,YAxis_R表示右边的Y轴
typedef enum _TICKERTYPE
{
    XAxis=0,
    YAxis_L=1,
    YAxis_R=2
}_TICKERTYPE;
//坐标缩放前的坐标值，_begVal坐标起始值，_endVal坐标结束值，_siteVal坐标中点，
//多点触控的时候先记录坐标的原始值，然后根据手势距离对原始进行缩放
typedef struct _Scale
{
    double _begVal=0.0;
    double _endVal=0.0;
    double _siteVal=0.0;
}_Scale;

/**
 * @brief The _XYList class
 * 功能：单条曲线的数据结构类型，包括坐标轴类型，曲线颜色，
 * 最多可绘制的曲线点数，等功能等；
 */
class _XYList
{
public:
    explicit _XYList();
    virtual ~_XYList(){}

    int Count();//实际有效的数据点
    int CountAll();//所有的数据点，包括被移除的记录
    int getRemoveCount(){ return  m_removeCount; }
    _COORDINATEVALUE &getPoint(int index);
    void addData(const double Key,const double Value);
    void removefirst();
    void cleanBuff();
    int size() const { return m_CoodValue.size()-m_removeCount; }
    QVector<_COORDINATEVALUE> *data();

    void setPointCountMax(int Count);
    int getPointMax(){ return m_MaxPointCount; }
    void setColor(QColor color){ m_Color=color; }
    QColor getColor(){ return m_Color; }
    void setAxisType(_TICKERTYPE type){ m_Type=type; }
    _TICKERTYPE &getAixsType(){ return m_Type; }

    int getBegindex(const double &TmpKey);
    int getEndindex(const double &TmpKey);
    int getCoorToIndex(const double &TmpKey);

    _COORDINATEVALUE getTrackValue(){ return TrackValue; }
    void setTrackValue(const _COORDINATEVALUE value){ TrackValue=value; }
    void setTrackValue(const double key,const double value){
        TrackValue.Key=key;
        TrackValue.Value=value;
    }
    bool TracckIsValid(){ return IsValid; }
    void setTrackIsvalid(bool val){ IsValid=val; }

    void setVisible(bool val){ m_Visible=val; }
    bool getVisible(){ return m_Visible; }

    _COORDINATEVALUE getMaxValue(){ return m_MaxValue; }
    _COORDINATEVALUE getMinValue(){ return m_MinValue; }

    QVector<_COORDINATEVALUE>::const_iterator constBegIte(){ return (m_CoodValue.begin()+m_removeCount); }
    QVector<_COORDINATEVALUE>::const_iterator constEndIte(){ return m_CoodValue.end(); }
protected:
    QVector<_COORDINATEVALUE> m_CoodValue;
    int m_MaxPointCount;//实际数据点，根据总数据点是否达到这和数目而对m_removeCount进行操作
    int m_removeCount;//被移除的次数，会先记录，到达一定数据时候会重新分分配m_CoodValue大小，提高了添加固定点数据时候的速度
    _TICKERTYPE m_Type;
    QColor m_Color;
    _COORDINATEVALUE TrackValue;//踪点的值
    bool IsValid;//判断跟踪点的值是否有效
    bool m_Visible;//是否绘制，既可见度

    _COORDINATEVALUE m_MaxValue;
    _COORDINATEVALUE m_MinValue;
};
/**
 * @brief The Ticker class
 * 坐标轴数据结构类，这里描述了坐标的主刻度，子刻度，刻度长度，
 * 坐标范围，坐标轴的类型（X还是Y 参考_TICKERTYPE）等信息
 */
class Ticker
{
public:
    explicit Ticker()
    {
       MainLineCount=15;
       SubLineCount=6;
       Mainlength=10;
       Sublength=10;
       Type=_TICKERTYPE::XAxis;
       m_RangeBeg=0;
       m_RangeEnd=500;
    }
    virtual ~Ticker(){}

    void setMainLineCount(const int count){ MainLineCount=count; }
    void setSubLineCount(const int count){ SubLineCount=count; }
    void setMainLineLength(const int length){ Mainlength=length; }
    void setSubLineLength(const int length){ Sublength=length; }
    void setAxisType(_TICKERTYPE type){ Type=type; }
    void setTextType(_TEXT_TYPE Type){ m_TextType=Type; }
    void setRangeBeg(const double &Value);
    void setRangeEnd(const double &Value);
    void setRange(const double &BegValue,const double &EndValue);
    void moveRange(const double &Value);//根据数值偏移，正数往前，负数往后
    void moveRangePercent(const double &Value);//根据百分比偏移，正数往前，负数往后
    void setZoom(const double value);//根据中心值进行缩放，大于1表示放大，小于1表示缩小

    int getMainLineCount(){ return MainLineCount; }
    int getSubLineCount(){ return SubLineCount; }
    int getMainLineLength(){ return Mainlength; }
    int getSubLineLength(){ return Sublength; }
    _TICKERTYPE getAxisType(){ return Type; }
    double getRangeBeg(){ return m_RangeBeg; }
    double getRangeEnd(){ return m_RangeEnd; }
    double getRangeMidvalue(){ return (m_RangeBeg+(m_RangeEnd-m_RangeBeg)/2.0); }//获取轴的中心值
    _Scale &getScale(){ return m_Scale; }
    void InitScale();
    void setScaleCoor(const double scaleFactor);//根据siteVal左边点进行缩放
    _TEXT_TYPE getTextType(){ return m_TextType; }
protected:
    int MainLineCount;
    int SubLineCount;
    int Mainlength;
    int Sublength;
    double m_RangeBeg;
    double m_RangeEnd;

    _TICKERTYPE Type;
    _TEXT_TYPE m_TextType;
    _Scale m_Scale;
private:
   friend class CoorAxis;
};
#endif // ADDPOINT_H

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include "qtimer.h"
#include "plot.h"
#include <QLabel>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE


class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();

public slots:
    void slots_TimeOut();
    void slots_Refresh();
    void slots_UpdateTrack();
protected:
    QTimer *m_Timer;
    QTimer *m_TimerRefresh;

    CurveWid *m_Curve;

    QVector<QLabel *> m_labList;
    bool IsAddOk=false;
private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"

#include <QDateTime>
#include <QDebug>
#include "qgridlayout.h"
#include "math.h"
#include "qpainter.h"
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QGridLayout>

#define _POINTCOUNT 50000
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    ui->statusbar->hide();


    ui->centralwidget->setStyleSheet("QWidget{background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);}");
    m_Curve=new CurveWid;
    connect(m_Curve->m_Plot,&Plot::sig_UpdateTrack,this,&MainWindow::slots_UpdateTrack);

    m_Timer=new QTimer(this);
    m_TimerRefresh=new QTimer(this);
    m_Timer->start(100);
    m_TimerRefresh->start(100);
    connect(m_Timer,&QTimer::timeout,this,&MainWindow::slots_TimeOut);
    connect(m_TimerRefresh,&QTimer::timeout,this,&MainWindow::slots_Refresh);

    m_Curve->m_AxisL->ticker()->setRange(-100,1200);
    m_Curve->m_AxisR->ticker()->setRange(-100,600);
    m_Curve->m_AxisX->ticker()->setRange(-100,_POINTCOUNT*0.01);
    qint64 Time=QDateTime::currentMSecsSinceEpoch();
    m_Curve->m_AxisX->ticker()->setTextType(_TEXT_TYPE::_TimeMs);
//    m_Curve->m_AxisX->ticker()->setRange(Time-600000,Time);

    QGridLayout *G_layout=new QGridLayout;
    G_layout->setVerticalSpacing(3);
    G_layout->setContentsMargins(0,0,0,0);
    qsrand(QTime(0,0,0).secsTo(QTime::currentTime()));
    for(int i=0;i<16;i++)
    {
        QLabel *labValue=new QLabel;
        labValue->setText(QString("Qlabel %1").arg(i+1));
        labValue->setAlignment(Qt::AlignCenter);
        labValue->setStyleSheet("QLabel{color:rgb(0, 122, 255);}");
        labValue->setFixedHeight(36);
        G_layout->addWidget(labValue,i/8,i%8);

        QColor color=QColor(qrand() % 256, qrand() % 256, qrand() % 256);
        int r,g,b;
        color.getRgb(&r,&g,&b);
        labValue->setStyleSheet(QString("QLabel{ color:rgb(%0,%1,%2);}").arg(r).arg(g).arg(b));
        m_labList.append(labValue);

        m_Curve->m_Plot->addGraph();
        m_Curve->m_Plot->Graph(i)->setColor(color);
        m_Curve->m_Plot->Graph(i)->setPointCountMax(_POINTCOUNT);
        if((i%2)!=0){
            m_Curve->m_Plot->Graph(i)->setAxisType(_TICKERTYPE::YAxis_R);
        }else{
            m_Curve->m_Plot->Graph(i)->setAxisType(_TICKERTYPE::YAxis_L);
        }
    }

    QVBoxLayout *V_layout=new QVBoxLayout;
    V_layout->setContentsMargins(0,0,0,0);
    V_layout->addWidget(m_Curve);
    V_layout->addLayout(G_layout);

    ui->centralwidget->setLayout(V_layout);


    for(int i=0;i<_POINTCOUNT*0.01;i++){
        slots_TimeOut();
    }
    IsAddOk=true;
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

void MainWindow::slots_TimeOut()
{
    double w = (3.14/100)*5;  //w为角速度 ，可以理解为波浪的密度，越大密度越大
    double A = 40;    //  A表示振幅,可以理解为水波的高度,越大高度越高
    static double x;
    x++;
    double waveY = (double)(A * sin(w * x ));// waveY随着x的值改变而改变，从而得到正弦曲线

    static double count=0;
    count+=1;
    qint64 Time=QDateTime::currentMSecsSinceEpoch();
    for(int i=0;i<m_Curve->m_Plot->getGraphCount();i++)
    {
        int num = qrand()%(200-100)+100;//产生300-500范围的随机岁
        float data=0;//除以10获取 30.0到50.0的随机数
        data+=80*i+num;
//        m_Curve->m_Plot->Graph(i)->addData(count,data);
        m_Curve->m_Plot->Graph(i)->addData(count,waveY+80*i);
    }

    if(IsAddOk)
    {
        if(count>m_Curve->m_AxisX->ticker()->getRangeEnd())
        {
            m_Curve->m_AxisX->ticker()->moveRange(count-m_Curve->m_AxisX->ticker()->getRangeEnd());
        }
    }
}

void MainWindow::slots_Refresh()
{
    m_Curve->reUpdateAll();
}

void MainWindow::slots_UpdateTrack()
{
    for(int i=0;i<m_Curve->m_Plot->getGraphCount();i++){
        m_labList[i]->setText(QString::number(m_Curve->m_Plot->Graph(i)->getTrackValue().Value,'f',2));
    }
}