Go语言实现的树形结构数据比较算法实例

// Two binary trees may be of different shapes,
// but have the same contents. For example:
//
//        4               6
//      2   6          4     7
//     1 3 5 7       2   5
//                  1 3
//
// Go's concurrency primitives make it easy to
// traverse and compare the contents of two trees
// in parallel.

package main
import (
 "fmt"
 "rand"
)

// A Tree is a binary tree with integer values.
type Tree struct {
 Left  *Tree
 Value int
 Right *Tree
}

// Walk traverses a tree depth-first,
// sending each Value on a channel.
func Walk(t *Tree, ch chan int) {
 if t == nil {
  return
 }
 Walk(t.Left, ch)
 ch <- t.Value
 Walk(t.Right, ch)
}

// Walker launches Walk in a new goroutine,
// and returns a read-only channel of values.
func Walker(t *Tree) <-chan int {
 ch := make(chan int)
 go func() {
  Walk(t, ch)
  close(ch)
 }()
 return ch
}

// Compare reads values from two Walkers
// that run simultaneously, and returns true
// if t1 and t2 have the same contents.
func Compare(t1, t2 *Tree) bool {
 c1, c2 := Walker(t1), Walker(t2)
 for <-c1 == <-c2 {
  if closed(c1) || closed(c1) {
   return closed(c1) == closed(c2)
  }
 }
 return false
}

// New returns a new, random binary tree
// holding the values 1k, 2k, ..., nk.
func New(n, k int) *Tree {
 var t *Tree
 for _, v := range rand.Perm(n) {
  t = insert(t, (1+v)*k)
 }
 return t
}

func insert(t *Tree, v int) *Tree {
 if t == nil {
  return &Tree{nil, v, nil}
 }
 if v < t.Value {
  t.Left = insert(t.Left, v)
  return t
 }
 t.Right = insert(t.Right, v)
 return t
}

func main() {
 t1 := New(1, 100)
 fmt.Println(Compare(t1, New(1, 100)), "Same Contents")
 fmt.Println(Compare(t1, New(1, 99)), "Differing Sizes")
 fmt.Println(Compare(t1, New(2, 100)), "Differing Values")
 fmt.Println(Compare(t1, New(2, 101)), "Dissimilar")
}