postgresql SQL语句变量的使用说明
时间:2021-09-09 09:52:49|栏目:PostgreSQL|点击: 次
一般变量使用我们都是放在函数里面,这里开发需求,要在SQL直接使用变量,方便查找一些问题,比如时间变量,要根据时间进行筛选
这里有三种方法可以实现
1.psql命令使用变量
表数据如下:
hank=> select * from tb2; c1 | c2 | c3 ----+-------+---------------------------- 1 | hank | 2018-02-06 10:08:00.787503 2 | dazui | 2018-02-06 10:08:08.542481 3 | wahah | 2018-02-06 10:08:15.468527 4 | aaaaa | 2018-02-06 10:18:39.289523
SQL文本如下
cat hank.sql select * from tb2 where c2=:name and c3>=:time;
通过psql查看
psql -v name="'hank'" -v time="'2018-02-06 10:08:00'" -f hank.sql c1 | c2 | c3 ----+------+---------------------------- 1 | hank | 2018-02-06 10:08:00.787503
或者
psql -v name="'hank'" -v time="'2018-02-06 10:08:00'" -c '\i hank.sql' c1 | c2 | c3 ----+------+---------------------------- 1 | hank | 2018-02-06 10:08:00.787503
效果一样
2.\set使用变量
hank=> \set name hank hank=> \set time '2018-02-06 10:09:00' hank=> select * from tb2 where c2=:'name' and c3>=:'time'; c1 | c2 | c3 ----+------+---------------------------- 1 | hank | 2018-02-06 10:08:00.787503
3.通过定义参数实现
设置一个session级别的参数,通过current_setting取值
hank=> set session "asasd.time" to "2018-02-06 10:09:00"; SET hank=> select * from tb2 where c3 >= current_setting('asasd.time')::timestamp; c1 | c2 | c3 ----+-------+---------------------------- 4 | aaaaa | 2018-02-06 10:18:39.289523 (1 row)
补充:postgresql存储函数/存储过程用sql语句来给变量赋值
--定义变量 a numeric;
方式一:
select sqla into a from table1 where b = '1' ; --这是sql语句赋值
方式二:
sql1:= 'select a from table1 where b = ' '1' ' '; execute sql1 into a; --这是执行存储函数赋值