SpringBoot属性注入的两种方法
时间:2021-08-14 08:32:49|栏目:JAVA代码|点击: 次
1、实现方式一:Spring中的@PropertySource
@Component
@PropertySource("classpath:user.properties")
public class UserInfo {
@Value("${user.username}")
private String username;
@Value("${user.password}")
private String password;
@Value("${user.age}")
private Integer age;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
配置文件中:
user.username='admin' user.password='123' user.age=88
测试:
@SpringBootTest
public class UserInfoTest {
@Autowired
UserInfo userInfo;
@Test
public void user(){
System.out.println(userInfo.toString());
}
}
结果:
UserInfo{username=''admin'', password=''123'', age=88}
注意:此方法是不安全的,如果在配置文件中找不到对应的属性,例如没有username属性,会报错如下:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userInfo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'user.username' in value "${user.username}"
2、实现方式二:通过SpringBoot特有的@ConfigurationProperties来实现
注意点: 需要getter、setter函数
@Component
@PropertySource("classpath:user.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "user")
public class UserInfo {
// @Value("${user.username}")
private String username;
// @Value("${user.password}")
private String password;
// @Value("${user.age}")
private Integer age;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}
这种方法比较安全,即使配置文件中没有对于属性,也不会抛出异常。


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