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详解spring boot集成ehcache 2.x 用于hibernate二级缓存

时间：2021-07-11 08:42:50|栏目：JAVA代码|点击： 次

本文将介绍如何在spring boot中集成ehcache作为hibernate的二级缓存。各个框架版本如下

  1. spring boot：1.4.3.RELEASE
  2. spring framework: 4.3.5.RELEASE
  3. hibernate：5.0.1.Final（spring-boot-starter-data-jpa默认依赖）
  4. ehcache：2.10.3

项目依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
 <exclusions>
  <exclusion>
   <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
   <artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
  </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
</dependency>

<dependency>
 <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
 <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
 <version>2.10.3</version>
</dependency>

Ehcache简介

ehcache是一个纯Java的缓存框架，既可以当做一个通用缓存使用，也可以作为将其作为hibernate的二级缓存使用。缓存数据可选择如下三种存储方案

  1. MemoryStore ?C On-heap memory used to hold cache elements. This tier is subject to Java garbage collection.
  2. OffHeapStore ?C Provides overflow capacity to the MemoryStore. Limited in size only by available RAM. Not subject to Java garbage collection (GC). Available only with Terracotta BigMemory products.
  3. DiskStore ?C Backs up in-memory cache elements and provides overflow capacity to the other tiers.

hibernate二级缓存配置

hibernate的二级缓存支持entity和query层面的缓存，org.hibernate.cache.spi.RegionFactory各类可插拔的缓存提供商与hibernate的集成。

# 打开hibernate统计信息
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.generate_statistics=true

# 打开二级缓存
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache=true

# 打开查询缓存
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.use_query_cache=true

# 指定缓存provider
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.region.factory_class=org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.SingletonEhCacheRegionFactory

# 配置shared-cache-mode
spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.sharedCache.mode=ENABLE_SELECTIVE

关于hibernate缓存相关的所有配置可参考hibernate5.0官方文档#缓存

ehcache配置文件

ehcache 2.x配置文件样板参考官方网站提供的ehcache.xml。本例中使用的配置文件如下所示

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://www.ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd"
  updateCheck="true" monitoring="autodetect"
  dynamicConfig="true">

 <diskStore path="user.dir/cache"/>
 <transactionManagerLookup class="net.sf.ehcache.transaction.manager.DefaultTransactionManagerLookup"
        properties="jndiName=java:/TransactionManager" propertySeparator=";"/>
 <cacheManagerEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheManagerEventListenerFactory" properties=""/>

 <defaultCache
  maxEntriesLocalHeap="0"
  eternal="false"
  timeToIdleSeconds="1200"
  timeToLiveSeconds="1200">
  <!--<terracotta/>-->
 </defaultCache>

 <cache name="entityCache"
   maxEntriesLocalHeap="1000"
   maxEntriesLocalDisk="10000"
   eternal="false"
   diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="20"
   timeToIdleSeconds="10"
   timeToLiveSeconds="20"
   memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LFU"
   transactionalMode="off">
  <persistence strategy="localTempSwap"/>
  <cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
 </cache>

 <cache name="org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache"
   maxEntriesLocalHeap="5" eternal="false" timeToLiveSeconds="120">
  <persistence strategy="localTempSwap" />
  <cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
 </cache>

 <cache name="org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache"
   maxEntriesLocalHeap="5000" eternal="true">
  <persistence strategy="localTempSwap" />
  <cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
 </cache>
</ehcache>

ehcache事件监听

在ehcache中，有两大类事件，一是cacheManager相关的事件，如cache的init/added等；二是cahche相关的事件，如cache put/expire等。在ehcache中，默认没有这两类事件的监听器，需要自主实现监听器以及监听器工厂类，然后配置到ehcache.xml中，方可生效。

上述ehcache.xml配置中，给自定义cache都配置了cacheEventListenerFactory，用于监听缓存事件。同时也配置了cacheManager Factory实现类。具体实现代码如下

CacheManagerEventListener简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
import net.sf.ehcache.Status;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * ehcache customer cacheManagerEventListener
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheManagerEventListener implements CacheManagerEventListener {

 private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

 private final CacheManager cacheManager;

 public CustomerCacheManagerEventListener(CacheManager cacheManager) {
  this.cacheManager = cacheManager;
 }

 @Override
 public void init() throws CacheException {
  logger.info("init ehcache...");
 }

 @Override
 public Status getStatus() {
  return null;
 }

 @Override
 public void dispose() throws CacheException {
  logger.info("ehcache dispose...");
 }

 @Override
 public void notifyCacheAdded(String s) {
  logger.info("cacheAdded... {}", s);
  logger.info(cacheManager.getCache(s).toString());
 }

 @Override
 public void notifyCacheRemoved(String s) {

 }
}

CacheManagerEventListenerFactory的简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListener;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListenerFactory;

import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheManagerEventListenerFactory extends CacheManagerEventListenerFactory {
 @Override
 public CacheManagerEventListener createCacheManagerEventListener(CacheManager cacheManager, Properties properties) {
  return new CustomerCacheManagerEventListener(cacheManager);
 }
}

CacheEventListener的简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;

import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;
import net.sf.ehcache.Ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.Element;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheEventListener implements CacheEventListener {

 private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

 @Override
 public void notifyElementRemoved(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
  logger.info("cache removed. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }

 @Override
 public void notifyElementPut(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
  logger.info("cache put. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }

 @Override
 public void notifyElementUpdated(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
  logger.info("cache updated. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }

 @Override
 public void notifyElementExpired(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) {
  logger.info("cache expired. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }

 @Override
 public void notifyElementEvicted(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) {
  logger.info("cache evicted. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }

 @Override
 public void notifyRemoveAll(Ehcache ehcache) {
  logger.info("all elements removed. cache name = {}", ehcache.getName());
 }

 @Override
 public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
  throw new CloneNotSupportedException();
 }

 @Override
 public void dispose() {
  logger.info("cache dispose.");
 }
}

CacheEventListenerFactory的简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;

import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListenerFactory;

import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory extends CacheEventListenerFactory {
 @Override
 public CacheEventListener createCacheEventListener(Properties properties) {
  return new CustomerCacheEventListener();
 }
}

完成上述事件监听器的实现和配置后，我们可以启动应用，查看下相应事件监听器中输出的log，以验证是否生效

2017-01-07 10:27:07.810 INFO 4264 --- [   main] com.yangyi.Application     : Starting Application on yangjinfeng-pc with PID 4264 (E:\JavaWorkSpace\spring-boot-ehcache3-hibernate5-jcache\target\classes started by yangjinfeng in E:\JavaWorkSpace\spring-boot-ehcache3-hibernate5-jcache)
2017-01-07 10:27:07.810 INFO 4264 --- [   main] com.yangyi.Application     : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-01-07 10:27:07.865 INFO 4264 --- [   main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2ef3eef9: startup date [Sat Jan 07 10:27:07 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-01-07 10:27:09.155 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$6eb4eae9] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.191 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.cache.annotation.ProxyCachingConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.cache.annotation.ProxyCachingConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$b7c72107] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.206 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$ac3ae5ab] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.285 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'spring.cache-org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.291 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheManagerCustomizers' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheManagerCustomizers] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.293 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$46d9b2a9] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.418 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : init ehcache...
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = true overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 5000 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 0 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LRU timeToLiveSeconds = 0 timeToIdleSeconds = 0 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ]
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = false overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 5 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 0 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LRU timeToLiveSeconds = 120 timeToIdleSeconds = 0 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ]
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... entityCache
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = entityCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = false overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 1000 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 10000 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LFU timeToLiveSeconds = 20 timeToIdleSeconds = 10 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ]
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'ehCacheCacheManager' of type [class net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'cacheManager' of type [class org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'cacheAutoConfigurationValidator' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration$CacheManagerValidator] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.829 INFO 4264 --- [   main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.839 INFO 4264 --- [   main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat
2017-01-07 10:27:09.839 INFO 4264 --- [   main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.6
2017-01-07 10:27:09.924 INFO 4264 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]  : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-01-07 10:27:09.924 INFO 4264 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader   : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2061 ms

2017-01-07 10:32:41.876 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.User#1, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@1c13194d
2017-01-07 10:32:41.877 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#1, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@2accc177
2017-01-07 10:32:41.878 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#2, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@2b3b9c7e
2017-01-07 10:32:41.879 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#3, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@4c31e58c

注解方式使用二级缓存

要使用entity cache，需要在entity上配上相应的注解方可生效。javax.persistence.Cacheable注解标记该entity使用二级缓存，org.hibernate.annotations.Cache注解指定缓存策略，以及存放到哪个缓存区域。

有关缓存策略详细信息可参考hibernate5.0官方文档#缓存

package com.yangyi.entity;

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
import javax.persistence.Cacheable;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
@Cacheable
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE, region = "entityCache")
public class User implements Serializable {

}

最后，我们需要在spring boot应用层面打开cache功能，使用org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching注解

package com.yangyi;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching
public class Application {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
 }
}

完整代码

完整代码示例见github

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