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Android View自定义锁屏图案

时间：2021-02-04 11:33:16|栏目：Android代码|点击： 次

前言

Android 自定义 View 技能是成为高级工程师所必备的，笔者觉得自定义 View 没有什么捷径可走，唯有经常练习才能解决产品需求。笔者也好久没有写自定义 View 了，赶紧写个控件找点感觉回来。

本文实现的是一个 锁屏图案的自定义控件。效果图如下：

Github 地址：AndroidSample

LockView 介绍

自定义属性:

引用方式：

(1) 在布局文件中引入

<com.xing.androidsample.view.LockView
  android:id="@+id/lock_view"
  app:rowCount="4"
  app:normalColor=""
  app:moveColor=""
  app:errorColor=""
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:layout_margin="40dp" />

(2) 在代码中设置正确的图案，用于校验是否匹配成功，并在回调中获取结果

List<Integer> intList = new ArrayList<>();
  intList.add(3);
  intList.add(7);
  intList.add(4);
  intList.add(2);
  lockView.setStandard(intList);
  lockView.setOnDrawCompleteListener(new LockView.OnDrawCompleteListener() {
   @Override
   public void onComplete(boolean isSuccess) {
    Toast.makeText(CustomViewActivity.this, isSuccess ? "success" : "fail", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
  });

实现思路

  1. 以默认状态绘制 rowCount * rowCount 个圆，外圆颜色需要在内圆颜色上加上一定的透明度。
  2. 在 onTouchEvent() 方法中，判断当前触摸点与各个圆的圆心距离是否小于圆的半径，决定各个圆此时处于哪个状态（normal,move,error）,调用 invalidate() 重新绘制，更新颜色。
  3. ​将手指滑动触摸过的圆的坐标添加到一个 ArrayList 中，使用 Path 连接该集合中选中的圆，即可绘制出划过的路径线。

实现步骤

自定义属性

在 res/values 目录下新建 attrs.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
 <declare-styleable name="LockView">
  <attr name="normalColor" format="color|reference" /> <!--默认圆颜色-->
  <attr name="moveColor" format="color|reference" />  <!--手指触摸选中圆颜色--> 
  <attr name="errorColor" format="color|reference" />  <!--手指抬起错误圆颜色--> 
  <attr name="rowCount" format="integer" />    <!--每行每列圆的个数--> 
 </declare-styleable>
</resources>

获取自定义属性

public LockView(Context context) {
   this(context, null);
  }

  public LockView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
   super(context, attrs);
   readAttrs(context, attrs);
   init();
  }

 /**
 * 获取自定义属性
 */
  private void readAttrs(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
   TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.LockView);
   normalColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.LockView_normalColor, DEFAULT_NORMAL_COLOR);
   moveColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.LockView_moveColor, DEFAULT_MOVE_COLOR);
   errorColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.LockView_errorColor, DEFAULT_ERROR_COLOR);
   rowCount = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.LockView_rowCount, DEFAULT_ROW_COUNT);
   typedArray.recycle();
  }

 /**
 * 初始化
 */
  private void init() {
   stateSparseArray = new SparseIntArray(rowCount * rowCount);
   points = new PointF[rowCount * rowCount];

   innerCirclePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
   innerCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);

   outerCirclePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
   outerCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);

   linePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
   linePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
   linePaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
   linePaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
   linePaint.setStrokeWidth(30);
   linePaint.setColor(moveColor);
  }

计算圆的半径

设定外圆半径和相邻两圆之间间距相同，内圆半径是外圆半径的一半，所以半径计算方式为：

radius = Math.min(w, h) / (2 * rowCount + rowCount - 1) * 1.0f;

设置各圆坐标

各圆坐标使用一维数组保存，计算方式为：

// 各个圆设置坐标点
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount * rowCount; i++) {
  points[i] = new PointF(0, 0);
  points[i].set((i % rowCount * 3 + 1) * radius, (i / rowCount * 3 + 1) * radius);
}

测量 View 宽高

根据测量模式设置控件的宽高，当布局文件中设置的是 wrap_content ,默认将控件宽高设置为 600dp

 @Override
 protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
  super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
  int width = getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
  int height = getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
  setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
 }

 private int getSize(int measureSpec) {
  int mode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
  int size = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);
  if (mode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
   return size;
  } else if (mode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
   return Math.min(size, dp2Px(600));
  }
  return dp2Px(600);
 }

onTouchEvent() 触摸事件

在手指滑动过程中，根据当前触摸点坐标是否落在圆的范围内，更新该圆的状态，在重新绘制时，绘制成新的颜色。手指抬起时，将存放状态的 list，选中圆的 list ，linePath 重置，并将结果回调出来。

 

private PointF touchPoint;

 @Override
 public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
  switch (event.getAction()) {
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
    reset();
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
    if (touchPoint == null) {
     touchPoint = new PointF(event.getX(), event.getY());
    } else {
     touchPoint.set(event.getX(), event.getY());
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < rowCount * rowCount; i++) {
     // 是否触摸在圆的范围内
     if (getDistance(touchPoint, points[i]) < radius) {
      stateSparseArray.put(i, STATE_MOVE);
      if (!selectedList.contains(points[i])) {
       selectedList.add(points[i]);
      }
      break;
     }
    }
    break;
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
    if (check()) { // 正确图案
     if (listener != null) {
      listener.onComplete(true);
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < stateSparseArray.size(); i++) {
      int index = stateSparseArray.keyAt(i);
      stateSparseArray.put(index, STATE_MOVE);
     }
    } else {  // 错误图案
     for (int i = 0; i < stateSparseArray.size(); i++) {
      int index = stateSparseArray.keyAt(i);
      stateSparseArray.put(index, STATE_ERROR);
     }
     linePaint.setColor(0xeeff0000);
     if (listener != null) {
      listener.onComplete(false);
     }
    }
    touchPoint = null;
    if (timer == null) {
     timer = new Timer();
    }
    timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
     @Override
     public void run() {
      linePath.reset();
      linePaint.setColor(0xee0000ff);
      selectedList.clear();
      stateSparseArray.clear();
      postInvalidate();
     }
    }, 1000);
    break;
  }
  invalidate();
  return true;
 }

绘制各圆和各圆之间连接线段

@Override
 protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
  super.onDraw(canvas);
  drawCircle(canvas);
  drawLinePath(canvas);
 }

 private void drawCircle(Canvas canvas) {
  // 依次从索引 0 到索引 8，根据不同状态绘制圆点
  for (int index = 0; index < rowCount * rowCount; index++) {
   int state = stateSparseArray.get(index);
   switch (state) {
    case STATE_NORMAL:
     innerCirclePaint.setColor(normalColor);
     outerCirclePaint.setColor(normalColor & 0x66ffffff);
     break;
    case STATE_MOVE:
     innerCirclePaint.setColor(moveColor);
     outerCirclePaint.setColor(moveColor & 0x66ffffff);
     break;
    case STATE_ERROR:
     innerCirclePaint.setColor(errorColor);
     outerCirclePaint.setColor(errorColor & 0x66ffffff);
     break;
   }
   canvas.drawCircle(points[index].x, points[index].y, radius, outerCirclePaint);
   canvas.drawCircle(points[index].x, points[index].y, radius / 2f, innerCirclePaint);
  }
 }

完整 View 代码：

/**
 * Created by star.tao on 2018/5/30.
 * email: xing-java@foxmail.com
 * github: https://github.com/xing16
 */

public class LockView extends View {

 private static final int DEFAULT_NORMAL_COLOR = 0xee776666;
 private static final int DEFAULT_MOVE_COLOR = 0xee0000ff;
 private static final int DEFAULT_ERROR_COLOR = 0xeeff0000;
 private static final int DEFAULT_ROW_COUNT = 3;

 private static final int STATE_NORMAL = 0;
 private static final int STATE_MOVE = 1;
 private static final int STATE_ERROR = 2;


 private int normalColor; // 无滑动默认颜色
 private int moveColor; // 滑动选中颜色
 private int errorColor; // 错误颜色

 private float radius; // 外圆半径

 private int rowCount;

 private PointF[] points; // 一维数组记录所有圆点的坐标点

 private Paint innerCirclePaint; // 内圆画笔

 private Paint outerCirclePaint; // 外圆画笔

 private SparseIntArray stateSparseArray;

 private List<PointF> selectedList = new ArrayList<>();

 private List<Integer> standardPointsIndexList = new ArrayList<>();

 private Path linePath = new Path(); // 手指移动的路径

 private Paint linePaint;

 private Timer timer;

 public LockView(Context context) {
  this(context, null);
 }

 public LockView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
  super(context, attrs);
  readAttrs(context, attrs);
  init();
 }


 private void readAttrs(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
  TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.LockView);
  normalColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.LockView_normalColor, DEFAULT_NORMAL_COLOR);
  moveColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.LockView_moveColor, DEFAULT_MOVE_COLOR);
  errorColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.LockView_errorColor, DEFAULT_ERROR_COLOR);
  rowCount = typedArray.getInteger(R.styleable.LockView_rowCount, DEFAULT_ROW_COUNT);
  typedArray.recycle();
 }

 private void init() {
  stateSparseArray = new SparseIntArray(rowCount * rowCount);
  points = new PointF[rowCount * rowCount];

  innerCirclePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
  innerCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);

  outerCirclePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
  outerCirclePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);


  linePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
  linePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
  linePaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
  linePaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
  linePaint.setStrokeWidth(30);
  linePaint.setColor(moveColor);

 }


 @Override
 protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
  super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
  // 外圆半径 = 相邻外圆之间间距 = 2倍内圆半径
  radius = Math.min(w, h) / (2 * rowCount + rowCount - 1) * 1.0f;
  // 各个圆设置坐标点
  for (int i = 0; i < rowCount * rowCount; i++) {
   points[i] = new PointF(0, 0);
   points[i].set((i % rowCount * 3 + 1) * radius, (i / rowCount * 3 + 1) * radius);
  }
 }

 @Override
 protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
  super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
  int width = getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
  int height = getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
  setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
 }

 private int getSize(int measureSpec) {
  int mode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
  int size = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);
  if (mode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
   return size;
  } else if (mode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
   return Math.min(size, dp2Px(600));
  }
  return dp2Px(600);
 }


 @Override
 protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
  super.onDraw(canvas);
  drawCircle(canvas);
  drawLinePath(canvas);
 }

 private void drawCircle(Canvas canvas) {
  // 依次从索引 0 到索引 8，根据不同状态绘制圆点
  for (int index = 0; index < rowCount * rowCount; index++) {
   int state = stateSparseArray.get(index);
   switch (state) {
    case STATE_NORMAL:
     innerCirclePaint.setColor(normalColor);
     outerCirclePaint.setColor(normalColor & 0x66ffffff);
     break;
    case STATE_MOVE:
     innerCirclePaint.setColor(moveColor);
     outerCirclePaint.setColor(moveColor & 0x66ffffff);
     break;
    case STATE_ERROR:
     innerCirclePaint.setColor(errorColor);
     outerCirclePaint.setColor(errorColor & 0x66ffffff);
     break;
   }
   canvas.drawCircle(points[index].x, points[index].y, radius, outerCirclePaint);
   canvas.drawCircle(points[index].x, points[index].y, radius / 2f, innerCirclePaint);
  }
 }

 /**
  * 绘制选中点之间相连的路径
  *
  * @param canvas
  */
 private void drawLinePath(Canvas canvas) {
  // 重置linePath
  linePath.reset();
  // 选中点个数大于 0 时，才绘制连接线段
  if (selectedList.size() > 0) {
   // 起点移动到按下点位置
   linePath.moveTo(selectedList.get(0).x, selectedList.get(0).y);
   for (int i = 1; i < selectedList.size(); i++) {
    linePath.lineTo(selectedList.get(i).x, selectedList.get(i).y);
   }
   // 手指抬起时，touchPoint设置为null,使得已经绘制游离的路径，消失掉，
   if (touchPoint != null) {
    linePath.lineTo(touchPoint.x, touchPoint.y);
   }
   canvas.drawPath(linePath, linePaint);
  }
 }

 private PointF touchPoint;

 @Override
 public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
  switch (event.getAction()) {
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
    reset();
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
    if (touchPoint == null) {
     touchPoint = new PointF(event.getX(), event.getY());
    } else {
     touchPoint.set(event.getX(), event.getY());
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < rowCount * rowCount; i++) {
     // 是否触摸在圆的范围内
     if (getDistance(touchPoint, points[i]) < radius) {
      stateSparseArray.put(i, STATE_MOVE);
      if (!selectedList.contains(points[i])) {
       selectedList.add(points[i]);
      }
      break;
     }
    }
    break;
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
    if (check()) { // 正确图案
     if (listener != null) {
      listener.onComplete(true);
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < stateSparseArray.size(); i++) {
      int index = stateSparseArray.keyAt(i);
      stateSparseArray.put(index, STATE_MOVE);
     }
    } else {  // 错误图案
     for (int i = 0; i < stateSparseArray.size(); i++) {
      int index = stateSparseArray.keyAt(i);
      stateSparseArray.put(index, STATE_ERROR);
     }
     linePaint.setColor(0xeeff0000);
     if (listener != null) {
      listener.onComplete(false);
     }
    }
    touchPoint = null;
    if (timer == null) {
     timer = new Timer();
    }
    timer.schedule(new TimerTask() {
     @Override
     public void run() {
      linePath.reset();
      linePaint.setColor(0xee0000ff);
      selectedList.clear();
      stateSparseArray.clear();
      postInvalidate();
     }
    }, 1000);
    break;
  }
  invalidate();
  return true;
 }

 /**
  * 清除绘制图案的条件，当触发 invalidate() 时将清空图案
  */
 private void reset() {
  touchPoint = null;
  linePath.reset();
  linePaint.setColor(0xee0000ff);
  selectedList.clear();
  stateSparseArray.clear();
 }


 public void onStop() {
  timer.cancel();
 }

 private boolean check() {
  if (selectedList.size() != standardPointsIndexList.size()) {
   return false;
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < standardPointsIndexList.size(); i++) {
   Integer index = standardPointsIndexList.get(i);
   if (points[index] != selectedList.get(i)) {
    return false;
   }
  }
  return true;
 }

 public void setStandard(List<Integer> pointsList) {
  if (pointsList == null) {
   throw new IllegalArgumentException("standard points index can't null");
  }
  if (pointsList.size() > rowCount * rowCount) {
   throw new IllegalArgumentException("standard points index list can't large to rowcount * columncount");
  }
  standardPointsIndexList = pointsList;
 }

 private OnDrawCompleteListener listener;

 public void setOnDrawCompleteListener(OnDrawCompleteListener listener) {
  this.listener = listener;
 }


 public interface OnDrawCompleteListener {
  void onComplete(boolean isSuccess);
 }


 private float getDistance(PointF centerPoint, PointF downPoint) {
  return (float) Math.sqrt(Math.pow(centerPoint.x - downPoint.x, 2) + Math.pow(centerPoint.y - downPoint.y, 2));

 }

 private int dp2Px(int dpValue) {
  return (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, dpValue, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
 }

}

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