浅析Android中常见三种弹框在项目中的应用

时间：2020-12-27 16:05:21|栏目：Android代码|点击：次

一丶概述

弹框在Android项目中经常出现，常见的实现方法有三种：Dialog 弹框，Window弹框，Activity伪弹框。本文就说一说三种弹框的实现及在项目中的运用。

二丶演示图

图一为常见的三种弹框（文末上链接），图二为项目中用到的Activity伪弹框

三丶正文

1.Dialog弹框

先看一篇一篇文章：

android 8种对话框（Dialog）使用方法汇总

Dialog是系统自带的弹框，然而常常因为UI不好看而遭嫌弃，常需要自定义

public class MyDialog extends Dialog implements android.view.View.OnClickListener {
  private Context mContext;
  private String mTitle;
  private String mDetail;
  private TextView mTextTitle;
  private TextView mTextDetail;
  private TextView mButtonYes;
  private TextView mButtonNo;
  private onClickInterface mOnclClickInterface;
  public MyDialog(Context context, String title, String detail) {
    super(context, R.style.MyDialogStyle);
    this.mContext = context;
    this.mTitle = title;
    this.mDetail = detail;
  }
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    initView();
  }
  private void initView() {
    LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout_dialog, null);
    setContentView(view);
    mButtonYes = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_yes);
    mButtonNo = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_no);
    mTextTitle = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_title);
    mTextDetail = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_detail);
    mTextTitle.setText(mTitle);
    mTextDetail.setText(mDetail);
    mButtonYes.setOnClickListener(this);
    mButtonNo.setOnClickListener(this);
  }
  public interface onClickInterface {
    public void clickYes();
    public void clickNo();
  }
  public void setOnClickInterface(onClickInterface onclClickInterface) {
    this.mOnclClickInterface = onclClickInterface;
  }
  @Override
  public void onClick(View v) {
    switch (v.getId()) {
      case R.id.dialog_yes:
        mOnclClickInterface.clickYes();
        break;
      case R.id.dialog_no:
        mOnclClickInterface.clickNo();
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }
}

这里就是：1.绑定布局 2.设置监听，监听接口

主要说一下布局里的stytle（悬浮在Activity上，模糊显示就是在这里控制）

<style name="MyDialogStyle">
  <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item> <!--设置dialog的背景-->
  <item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item> <!--Dialog的windowFrame框为无-->
  <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> <!--是否有title-->
  <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item> <!--是否浮现在activity之上-->
  <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">false</item> <!--是否半透明-->
  <item name="android:windowContentOverlay">@null</item> <!--对话框是否有遮盖，这个不设置的话，可能会出现边框黑线-->
  <item name="android:windowAnimationStyle">@android:style/Animation.Dialog</item> <!--动画-->
  <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">true</item> <!-- 背景是否模糊显示-->
</style>

Dialog弹框一般用于，网络数据加载显示，或交互较少的弹框（基本被新下拉刷新控件SwipeRefreshLayout替代）

2.Window弹框

public class MyWindow {
  private Context mContext;
  private WindowManager mwinWindowManager;
  private View mView;
  private static boolean isShow = false;
  public MyWindow(Context context) {
   mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
  }
  public void showMyWindow() {
   if (isShow) {
     return;
   }
   mwinWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
   //设置WindowManager.LayoutParams的属性
   WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
   //类型
   params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;
   //flags
   //如果设置了WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE，弹出的View没焦点，收不到Back键的事件
   //当按Back、Home键时，背景应用退出，弹出的view就可以悬浮在桌面了。
   params.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM;
   params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
   params.width = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
   params.height = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
   params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER;
   //初始化View
   mView = initView(mContext);
   //点击back键，关闭window
   mView.setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {
     @Override
     public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
      Log.d("wxx", "onKey");
      switch (keyCode) {
      case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK:
        Log.d("wxx", "onKey BACK");
        hideMyWindow();
        return true;
      default:
      return false;
      }
     }
   });
   mwinWindowManager.addView(mView, params);
   isShow = true;
  }
  private View initView(Context context) {
   LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
   View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout_window, null);
   Button btnYes = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.window_yes);
   btnYes.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {
      Toast.makeText(mContext, "Window yes!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
      hideMyWindow();
     }
   });
   Button btnNO = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.window_no);
   btnNO.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {
      Toast.makeText(mContext, "Window No!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
      hideMyWindow();
     }
   });    
   //点击window窗口外围，关闭window
   final View wView = view.findViewById(R.id.view_layout);
   view.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
     @Override
     public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
      int x = (int) event.getX();
      int y = (int) event.getY();
      Rect rect = new Rect();
      wView.getGlobalVisibleRect(rect);
      if (!rect.contains(x, y)) {
        hideMyWindow();
      }
      return false;
     }
   });
   return view;
  }
  public void hideMyWindow() {
   if (isShow && mView != null) {
     mwinWindowManager.removeView(mView);
     isShow = false;
   }
  }
}

这个就厉害了，展现，隐藏，点击监听都是自己写的方法，原来点击窗口外关闭窗口是这样实现的，是不是又学到了

然后是关于：

android Window WindowManager 整理

主要用于自定义控件，比如说下拉框：

自定义spinner下拉框

3.Activity伪弹框

public class MyActivity extends Activity {
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   // TODO Auto-generated method stub
   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
   setContentView(R.layout.layout_activity);
  }
  @Override
  public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
   this.finish();
   return true;
  }
  public void YesButton(View v) {
   this.finish();
   Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Yes, Hunman is Activity", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  }
  public void NoButton(View v) {
   this.finish();
   Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "No, Hunman is not Activity", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  }
}

简单得不能再简单，跳转跳转到另一个Activity

注意点Activity主题（控制Activity为弹框样式）：

<activity
  android:name="com.wuxianxi.hunman.smallwindows.MyActivity"
  android:theme="@style/MyActivityStyle" >
</activity>
<style name="MyActivityStyle">
  <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item> <!--设置dialog的背景-->
  <item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item> <!--Dialog的windowFrame框为无-->
  <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> <!--是否有title-->
  <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item> <!--是否浮现在activity之上-->
  <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item> <!--是否半透明-->
  <item name="android:windowContentOverlay">@null</item> <!--对话框是否有遮盖，这个不设置的话，可能会出现边框黑线-->
  <item name="android:windowAnimationStyle">@android:style/Animation.Dialog</item> <!--动画-->
  <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">true</item> <!-- 背景是否模糊显示-->
</style>

Activity伪弹框最常用，用于交互，操作较复杂的弹框，如图二

补充这里可通过方法控制Activity弹框宽比

 @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    /** 设置宽度为屏幕的0.9*/
    WindowManager windowManager = getWindowManager();
    /* 获取屏幕宽、高 */
    Display display = windowManager.getDefaultDisplay();
    /* 获取对话框当前的参数值 */
    WindowManager.LayoutParams p = getWindow().getAttributes();
    /* 宽度设置为屏幕的0.9 */
    p.width = (int) (display.getWidth() * 0.9);
    /* 设置透明度,0.0为完全透明，1.0为完全不透明 */
    p.alpha = 0.95f;
    /* 设置布局参数 */
    getWindow().setAttributes(p);
//    getWindow().setLayout(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
//        ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    /* 设置点击弹框外部不可消失 */
    setFinishOnTouchOutside(false);
  }

最后贴上MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements OnClickListener {
  private Button btnWindow;
  private Button btnDialog;
  private Button btnActivity;
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
   setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
   initView();
  }
  private void initView() {
   btnWindow = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_window);
   btnDialog = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog);
   btnActivity = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_activity);
   btnWindow.setOnClickListener(this);
   btnDialog.setOnClickListener(this);
   btnActivity.setOnClickListener(this);
  }
  @Override
  public void onClick(View v) {
   switch (v.getId()) {
   case R.id.btn_window:
     MyWindow myWindow = new MyWindow(this);
     myWindow.showMyWindow();
     break;
   case R.id.btn_dialog:
     //注意下面第一个参数不能为getApplicationContext()，而应该是Activity, 因为办有activity才能添加窗口
     final MyDialog dialog = new MyDialog(MainActivity.this, "Hunman - Dialog", "Hunman is a Dialog\nYes or No!");
     dialog.show();
     dialog.setOnClickInterface(new MyDialog.onClickInterface() {
      @Override
      public void clickYes() {
        dialog.dismiss();
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Yes, Hunman is Dialog", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
      }
      @Override
      public void clickNo() {
        dialog.dismiss();
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Yes, Hunman is not Dialog", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
      }
     });
     break;
   case R.id.btn_activity:
     Intent intent3 = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyActivity.class);
     startActivity(intent3);
     break;
   default:
     break;
   }
  }
}

代码下载地址：https://github.com/BabyWu/SmallWindows

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本文标题：浅析Android中常见三种弹框在项目中的应用

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