基于Java回顾之I/O的使用详解

使用FileInputStream读取文件信息
 public static byte[] readFileByFileInputStream(File file) throws IOException
 {
     ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
     FileInputStream fis = null;
     try
     {
         fis = new FileInputStream(file);
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int bytesRead = 0;
         while((bytesRead = fis.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1)
         {
             output.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
         }
     }
     catch(Exception ex)
     {
         System.out.println("Error occurs during reading " + file.getAbsoluteFile());
     }
     finally
     {
         if (fis !=null) fis.close();
         if (output !=null) output.close();
     }
     return output.toByteArray();
 }

 public static byte[] readFileByBufferedInputStream(File file) throws Exception
 {
     FileInputStream fis = null;
     BufferedInputStream bis = null;
     ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
     try
     {
         fis = new FileInputStream(file);
         bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int bytesRead = 0;
         while((bytesRead = bis.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1)
         {
             output.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
         }
     }
     catch(Exception ex)
     {
         System.out.println("Error occurs during reading " + file.getAbsoluteFile());
     }
     finally
     {
         if (fis != null) fis.close();
         if (bis != null) bis.close();
         if (output != null) output.close();
     }
     return output.toByteArray();
 }

使用FileOutputStream复制文件
 public static void copyFileByFileOutputStream(File file) throws IOException
 {
     FileInputStream fis = null;
     FileOutputStream fos = null;
     try
     {
         fis = new FileInputStream(file);
         fos = new FileOutputStream(file.getName() + ".bak");
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int bytesRead = 0;
         while((bytesRead = fis.read(buffer,0,buffer.length)) != -1)
         {
             fos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
         }
         fos.flush();
     }
     catch(Exception ex)
     {
         System.out.println("Error occurs during copying " + file.getAbsoluteFile());
     }
     finally
     {
         if (fis != null) fis.close();
         if (fos != null) fos.close();
     }
 }

使用BufferedOutputStream复制文件
 public static void copyFilebyBufferedOutputStream(File file)throws IOException
 {
     FileInputStream fis = null;
     BufferedInputStream bis = null;
     FileOutputStream fos = null;
     BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
     try
     {
         fis = new FileInputStream(file);
         bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
         fos = new FileOutputStream(file.getName() + ".bak");
         bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int bytesRead = 0;
         while((bytesRead = bis.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1)
         {
             bos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
         }
         bos.flush();
     }
     catch(Exception ex)
     {
         System.out.println("Error occurs during copying " + file.getAbsoluteFile());
     }
     finally
     {
         if (fis != null) fis.close();
         if (bis != null) bis.close();
         if (fos != null) fos.close();
         if (bos != null) bos.close();
     }
 }

使用BufferedReader读取文件内容
 public static String readFile(String file)throws IOException
 {
     BufferedReader br = null;
     StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
     try
     {
         br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
         String line = null;

         while((line = br.readLine()) != null)
         {
             sb.append(line);
         }
     }
     catch(Exception ex)
     {
         System.out.println("Error occurs during reading " + file);
     }
     finally
     {
         if (br != null) br.close();
     }
     return sb.toString();
 }

使用BufferedWriter复制文件
 public static void copyFile(String file) throws IOException
 {
     BufferedReader br = null;
     BufferedWriter bw = null;
     try
     {
         br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
         bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file + ".bak"));
         String line = null;
         while((line = br.readLine())!= null)
         {
             bw.write(line);
         }
     }
     catch(Exception ex)
     {
         System.out.println("Error occurs during copying " + file);
     }
     finally
     {
         if (br != null) br.close();
         if (bw != null) bw.close();
     }
 }

创建大小固定的文件
 public static void createFile(String file, int size) throws IOException
 {
     File temp = new File(file);
     RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(temp, "rw");
     raf.setLength(size);
     raf.close();
 }

向文件中随机插入数据
 public static void writeFile(String file, byte[] content, int startPos, int contentLength) throws IOException
 {
     RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(new File(file), "rw");
     raf.seek(startPos);
     raf.write(content, 0, contentLength);
     raf.close();
 }

移动文件
 public static boolean moveFile(String sourceFile, String destFile)
 {
     File source = new File(sourceFile);
     if (!source.exists()) throw new RuntimeException("source file does not exist.");
     File dest = new File(destFile);
     if (!(new File(dest.getPath()).exists())) new File(dest.getParent()).mkdirs();
     return source.renameTo(dest);
 }

复制文件
 public static void copyFile(String sourceFile, String destFile) throws IOException
 {
     File source = new File(sourceFile);
     if (!source.exists()) throw new RuntimeException("File does not exist.");
     if (!source.isFile()) throw new RuntimeException("It is not file.");
     if (!source.canRead()) throw new RuntimeException("File cound not be read.");
     File dest = new File(destFile);
     if (dest.exists())
     {
         if (dest.isDirectory()) throw new RuntimeException("Destination is a folder.");
         else
         {
             dest.delete();
         }
     }
     else
     {
         File parentFolder = new File(dest.getParent());
         if (!parentFolder.exists()) parentFolder.mkdirs();
         if (!parentFolder.canWrite()) throw new RuntimeException("Destination can not be written.");
     }
     FileInputStream fis = null;
     FileOutputStream fos = null;
     try
     {
         fis = new FileInputStream(source);
         fos = new FileOutputStream(dest);
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int bytesRead = 0;
         while((bytesRead = fis.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length)) != -1)
         {
             fos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
         }
         fos.flush();
     }
     catch(IOException ex)
     {
         System.out.println("Error occurs during copying " + sourceFile);
     }
     finally
     {
         if (fis != null) fis.close();
         if (fos != null) fos.close();
     }
 }

复制文件夹
 public static void copyDir(String sourceDir, String destDir) throws IOException
 {

     File source = new File(sourceDir);
     if (!source.exists()) throw new RuntimeException("Source does not exist.");
     if (!source.canRead()) throw new RuntimeException("Source could not be read.");
     File dest = new File(destDir);
     if (!dest.exists()) dest.mkdirs();

     File[] arrFiles = source.listFiles();
     for(int i = 0; i < arrFiles.length; i++)
     {
         if (arrFiles[i].isFile())
         {
             BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(arrFiles[i]));
             BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(destDir + "/" + arrFiles[i].getName()));
             String line = null;
             while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) writer.write(line);
             writer.flush();
             reader.close();
             writer.close();
         }
         else
         {
             copyDir(sourceDir + "/" + arrFiles[i].getName(), destDir + "/" + arrFiles[i].getName());
         }
     }
 }

删除文件夹
 public static void del(String filePath)
 {
     File file = new File(filePath);
     if (file == null || !file.exists()) return;
     if (file.isFile())
     {
         file.delete();
     }
     else
     {
         File[] arrFiles = file.listFiles();
         if (arrFiles.length > 0)
         {
             for(int i = 0; i < arrFiles.length; i++)
             {
                 del(arrFiles[i].getAbsolutePath());
             }
         }
         file.delete();
     }
 }

获取文件夹大小
 public static long getFolderSize(String dir)
 {
     long size = 0;
     File file = new File(dir);
     if (!file.exists()) throw new RuntimeException("dir does not exist.");
     if (file.isFile()) return file.length();
     else
     {
         String[] arrFileName = file.list();
         for (int i = 0; i < arrFileName.length; i++)
         {
             size += getFolderSize(dir + "/" + arrFileName[i]);
         }
     }

     return size;
 }

将大文件切分成多个小文件
 public static void splitFile(String filePath, long unit) throws IOException
 {
     File file = new File(filePath);
     if (!file.exists()) throw new RuntimeException("file does not exist.");
     long size = file.length();
     if (unit >= size) return;
     int count = size % unit == 0 ? (int)(size/unit) : (int)(size/unit) + 1;
     String newFile = null;
     FileOutputStream fos = null;
     FileInputStream fis =null;
     byte[] buffer = new byte[(int)unit];
     fis = new FileInputStream(file);
     long startPos = 0;
     String countFile = filePath + "_Count";
     PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter( new File(countFile)));
     writer.println(filePath + "\t" + size);
     for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++)
     {
         newFile = filePath + "_" + i;
         startPos = (i - 1) * unit;
         System.out.println("Creating " + newFile);
         fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(newFile));
         int bytesRead = fis.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
         if (bytesRead != -1)
         {
             fos.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
             writer.println(newFile + "\t" + startPos + "\t" + bytesRead);
         }
         fos.flush();
         fos.close();
         System.out.println("StartPos:" + i*unit + "; EndPos:" + (i*unit + bytesRead));
     }
     writer.flush();
     writer.close();
     fis.close();
 }

将多个小文件合并成一个大文件
 public static void linkFiles(String countFile) throws IOException
 {
     File file = new File(countFile);
     if (!file.exists()) throw new RuntimeException("Count file does not exist.");
     BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
     String line = reader.readLine();
     String newFile = line.split("\t")[0];
     long size = Long.parseLong(line.split("\t")[1]);
     RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(newFile, "rw");
     raf.setLength(size);
     FileInputStream fis = null;
     byte[] buffer = null;

     while((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
     {
         String[] arrInfo = line.split("\t");
         fis = new FileInputStream(new File(arrInfo[0]));
         buffer = new byte[Integer.parseInt(arrInfo[2])];
         long startPos = Long.parseLong(arrInfo[1]);
         fis.read(buffer, 0, Integer.parseInt(arrInfo[2]));
         raf.seek(startPos);
         raf.write(buffer, 0, Integer.parseInt(arrInfo[2]));
         fis.close();
     }
     raf.close();
 }

执行外部命令
 public static void execExternalCommand(String command, String argument)
 {
     Process process = null;
     try
     {
         process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command + " " + argument);
         InputStream is = process.getInputStream();
         BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
         String line = null;
         while((line = br.readLine()) != null)
         {
             System.out.println(line);
         }
     }
     catch(Exception ex)
     {
         System.err.println(ex.getMessage());
     }
     finally
     {
         if (process != null) process.destroy();
     }
 }