vue3.0之Router的使用你了解吗
时间：2023-02-27 10:33:49|栏目：vue|点击： 次
vue3.0之Router的使用
先创建一个 vue项目
命名式 路由
命名式 路由
- 就是给路由添加 name属性
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Home from '../views/home/Home.vue'
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'Login',
component: () => import('../views/login/Login.vue'),
},
{
path: '/reg',
name: 'Reg',
component: () => import('../views/reg/Reg.vue'),
},
],
})
export default router
使用 RouterLink
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterLink, RouterView } from 'vue-router'
</script>
<template>
<div>
<RouterView />
<RouterLink :to="{ name: 'Login' }">login</RouterLink>
<RouterLink style="margin-left: 10px" :to="{ name: 'Reg' }">reg</RouterLink>
</div>
</template>
<style>
@import '@/assets/base.css';
#app {
max-width: 1280px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 2rem;
font-weight: normal;
}
</style>
效果
编程式导航
router / index.ts
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Home from '../views/home/Home.vue'
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'Login',
component: () => import('../views/login/Login.vue'),
},
{
path: '/login',
name: 'Login',
component: () => import('../views/login/Login.vue'),
},
{
path: '/reg',
name: 'Reg',
component: () => import('../views/reg/Reg.vue'),
},
],
})
export default router
App.vue 跳转到路由
router.push(’/login’) 跳转字符串
<template>
<div>
<button @click="loginClick">登录</button>
<button @click="regClick">注册</button>
<RouterView />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterLink, RouterView, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
const loginClick = () => {
router.push('/login')
}
const regClick = () => {
router.push('/reg')
}
</script>
<style>
@import '@/assets/base.css';
#app {
max-width: 1280px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 2rem;
font-weight: normal;
}
</style>
效果
router.push({ path: url }) 对象的形式
<template>
<div>
<button @click="toPage('/login', 'Login')">登录</button>
<button @click="toPage('/reg', 'Reg')">注册</button>
<RouterView />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterLink, RouterView, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
const toPage = (url: string, name: string) => {
// 对象的形式
router.push({
path: url,
})
}
</script>
命名式路由模式 router.push({ name: name })
<template>
<div>
<button @click="toPage('/login', 'Login')">登录</button>
<button @click="toPage('/reg', 'Reg')">注册</button>
<RouterView />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterLink, RouterView, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
const toPage = (url: string, name: string) => {
// 命名式路由模式
router.push({
name: name,
})
}
</script>
历史记录
- replace的使用
- 采用replace进行页面的跳转会同样也会创建渲染新的Vue组件，但是在history中其不会重复保存记录，而是替换原有的vue组件
RouterLink 跳转路由
<template>
<div>
<RouterLink replace :to="{ name: 'Login' }">login</RouterLink>
<RouterLink replace style="margin-left: 10px" :to="{ name: 'Reg' }">reg</RouterLink>
<RouterView />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterLink, RouterView, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
</script>
效果
编程式导航
<template>
<div>
<button @click="toPage('/login', 'Login')">登录</button>
<button @click="toPage('/reg', 'Reg')">注册</button>
<RouterView />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterLink, RouterView, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
const toPage = (url: string, name: string) => {
// 字符串的形式
router.replace(url)
// 对象的形式
// router.push({
// path: url,
// })
// 命名式路由模式
// router.push({
// name: name,
// })
}
</script>
非历史 记录的导航 还可以使用 方法
- 使用 router.push的方式，是存在历史记录的
- 因此可以使用 router.go的方法
- router.go(1) 前进一个路由
- router.go(-1) 后退一个路由
<template>
<div>
<button @click="toPage('/login', 'Login')">登录</button>
<button @click="toPage('/reg', 'Reg')">注册</button>
<button @click="nextClick">next</button>
<button @click="prerClick">prer</button>
<RouterView />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterLink, RouterView, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const router = useRouter()
const toPage = (url: string, name: string) => {
// 字符串的形式
router.push(url)
}
const prerClick = () => {
router.go(-1)
}
const nextClick = () => {
router.go(1)
}
</script>
路由传参
query 方式传参（拼接在url上）
- 注意点：就是使用路由的跳转，是使用 router这个对象
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'const router = useRouter()router.push( { name: "Reg" , query : Obj })
- 注意点2：使用路由的获取参数，是使用 route这个对象，去获取url参数的数据（也就是路由传递的参数数据）
import { useRoute } from 'vue-router'const route = useRoute()route.query.XXX数据
商品页
<template>
<div class="login">
<div>Login</div>
<div v-for="item in data" :key="item.id">{{ item.name }} -- {{ item.price }} <button @click="view(item)">详情</button></div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
import { data } from './List.json'
const router = useRouter()
type List = {
name: string
price: number
id: number
}
const view = (List: List) => {
router.push({
name: 'Reg',
query: List,
})
}
</script>
<script lang="ts">
export default {
name: 'Login',
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.login {
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
background: pink;
}
</style>
List.json
{
"data": [{
"name": "菜鸡",
"price": 111,
"id": 1
}, {
"name": "菜狗",
"price": 222,
"id": 2
}, {
"name": "菜鸟",
"price": 333,
"id": 3
}]
}
详情页
<!--
描述：
作者：xzl
时间：03月25日201225
-->
<template>
<div class="reg">
<div>我是详情页面 -- <button @click="router.back()">返回</button></div>
<div>
<div>唯一值:{{ route.query.id }}</div>
<div>名称:{{ route.query.name }}</div>
<div>价格：{{ route.query.price }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {} from 'vue'
import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const route = useRoute()
const router = useRouter()
console.log('route', route.query)
</script>
<script lang="ts">
export default {
name: 'Reg',
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.reg {
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
background: orange;
}
</style>
效果
params传递参数 （不会显示在url上，但是一刷新会丢失数据）
商品页
<!--
描述：
作者：xzl
时间：03月25日201105
-->
<template>
<div class="login">
<div>Login</div>
<div v-for="item in data" :key="item.id">{{ item.name }} -- {{ item.price }} <button @click="view(item)">详情</button></div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
import { data } from './List.json'
const router = useRouter()
type List = {
name: string
price: number
id: number
}
const view = (List: List) => {
// router.push('/reg')
router.push({
name: 'Reg',
params: List,
})
}
</script>
<script lang="ts">
export default {
name: 'Login',
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.login {
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
background: pink;
}
</style>
详情页
<!--
描述：
作者：xzl
时间：03月25日201225
-->
<template>
<div class="reg">
<div>我是详情页面 -- <button @click="router.back()">返回</button></div>
<div>
<div>唯一值:{{ route.params.id }}</div>
<div>名称:{{ route.params.name }}</div>
<div>价格：{{ route.params.price }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {} from 'vue'
import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const route = useRoute()
const router = useRouter()
console.log('route', route.query)
</script>
<script lang="ts">
export default {
name: 'Reg',
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.reg {
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
background: orange;
}
</style>
动态路由的 传参（需要在路由的path添加一个动态参数，浏览器刷新后，数据不会丢失）
- 注意点：就是在路由之中，对path路径添加一个动态的路由参数
- 在商品页之中，使用router.push的方式去跳转，里面用params的形式去接受那个动态参数
- 在详情页之中，使用route对象的形式去拿到数据，
route.params.id
路由
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Home from '../views/home/Home.vue'
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'Login',
component: () => import('../views/login/Login.vue'),
},
{
path: '/login',
name: 'Login', component: () => import('../views/login/Login.vue'),
},
{
path: '/reg/:id',
name: 'Reg',
component: () => import('../views/reg/Reg.vue'),
},
],
})
export default router
商品页
<template>
<div class="login">
<div>Login</div>
<div v-for="item in data" :key="item.id">{{ item.name }} -- {{ item.price }} <button @click="view(item)">详情</button></div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
import { data } from './List.json'
const router = useRouter()
type List = {
name: string
price: number
id: number
}
const view = (List: List) => {
router.push({
name: 'Reg',
params: {
id: List.id,
},
})
}
</script>
<script lang="ts">
export default {
name: 'Login',
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.login {
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
background: pink;
}
</style>
详情页
<template>
<div class="reg">
<div>我是详情页面 -- <button @click="router.back()">返回</button></div>
<div>
<div>唯一值:{{ item.id }}</div>
<div>名称:{{ item.name }}</div>
<div>价格：{{ item.price }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import {} from 'vue'
import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
const route = useRoute()
const router = useRouter()
import { data } from '../login/List.json'
const item = data.find((item) => item.id === Number(route.params.id))
</script>
<script lang="ts">
export default {
name: 'Reg',
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.reg {
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
background: orange;
}
</style>
效果
嵌套路由 与 路由重定向
路由
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Home from '../views/home/Home.vue'
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'home',
component: Home,
children: [
{
path: '',
redirect: 'login', // 路由重定向 默认显示 login组件
},
{
path: 'login',
name: 'Login',
component: () => import('../views/login/Login.vue'),
},
{
path: 'reg',
name: 'Reg',
component: () => import('../views/reg/Reg.vue'),
},
],
},
],
})
export default router
App.vue
<template>
<div>
<router-view />
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterView } from 'vue-router'
</script>
<style>
@import '@/assets/base.css';
#app {
max-width: 1280px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 2rem;
font-weight: normal;
}
</style>
Home.vue
<template>
<div>
<router-view></router-view>
<div>我是父路由Home</div>
<button @click="router.push('/reg')">去注册</button>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { RouterView } from 'vue-router'
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
import {} from 'vue'
const router = useRouter()
</script>
<script lang="ts">
export default {
name: 'Home',
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped></style>
登录
<template> <div>Login</div> </template>
注册
<template> <div>Reg</div> </template>
效果
总结
