Java实现AES算法的实例代码
时间：2023-02-12 10:53:52|栏目：JAVA代码|点击： 次
使用AES算法可用于对数据进行加密码与解密，使用的时候需要注意两点：1）被加密的串越长，加密后的字符串越长，注意数据库字段的设计；2）Linux与Windows环境中可能会出现由于环境差异导致在Windows中测试成功，到Linux上后加密的串无法被正确解密。下列算法已在真实环境中进行实测，应用时也务必做好二次验证避免出现线上事故。
private static final String ALGORITHM_NAME = "AES";
//加密因子，可根据您的需要自定义
private static final String DEFAULT_ENCRYPT_RULE = "AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding";
private static final String RANDOM_KEY_ALGORITHM = "SHA1PRNG";
private static final String RANDOM_KEY_ALGORITHM_PROVIDER = "SUN";
/**
* AES加密
* @param content 待加密的内容，为空时为回空
* @return 加密后的base64格式的结果，出现异常时返回null
*/
public static String encrypt(String content) {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(content)) {
return null;
}
try {
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
SecureRandom secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance(RANDOM_KEY_ALGORITHM, RANDOM_KEY_ALGORITHM_PROVIDER);
secureRandom.setSeed(DEFAULT_ENCRYPT_RULE.getBytes());
keyGenerator.init(128, secureRandom);
SecretKey originalKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(originalKey.getEncoded(), ALGORITHM_NAME);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM_NAME);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
String result = new String(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encrypted));
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
* 解密
* @param encrypted 加密后的base64格式的密文
* @return 解密后的原文，出现异常时返回null
public static String decrypt(String encrypted) {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(encrypted)) {
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encrypted));
return new String(decrypted, "utf-8");
补充：下面看下Java使用AES算法的实例代码。
Java中使用AES（CBC，128位）算法加解密。一般加密后都是用一定编码格式进行传输，此处使用Base64算法进行编解码。实现及测试代码如下：
AESUtil.java
package gj.secure;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.spec.AlgorithmParameterSpec;
import java.util.Base64;
public class AESUtil {
private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM_CBC = "AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding";
private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";
public static byte[] initKey() throws Exception {
KeyGenerator kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
kg.init(128);
SecretKey secretKey = kg.generateKey();
return secretKey.getEncoded();
}
public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] key, byte[] iv) throws Exception {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM_CBC);
Key k = new SecretKeySpec(key, KEY_ALGORITHM);
AlgorithmParameterSpec paramSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, k, paramSpec);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] bytes, byte[] key, byte[] iv) throws Exception {
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, k, paramSpec);
return cipher.doFinal(bytes);
public static String encodeToBase64String(String data, byte[] key, byte[] iv) throws Exception {
return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encrypt(data.getBytes(), key, iv));
public static String decodeFromBase64String(String data, byte[] key, byte[] iv) throws Exception {
byte[] bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(data);
return new String(decrypt(bytes, key, iv));
}
测试代码：
AESUtilTest.java
package gj.secure;
/**
* created by gj on 2019-12-24 17:17
**/
public class AESUtilTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
byte[] key = AESUtil.initKey();
byte[] iv = {0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89 - 0xFF, 0xAB - 0xFF, 0xCD - 0xFF, 0xEF - 0xFF,
0x01, 0x23, 0x45, 0x67, 0x89 - 0xFF, 0xAB - 0xFF, 0xCD - 0xFF, 0xEF - 0xFF};
String content = "areful1997";
String cipher = AESUtil.encodeToBase64String(content, key, iv);
System.out.println(cipher);
String plain = AESUtil.decodeFromBase64String(cipher, key, iv);
System.out.println(plain);
}
}
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