多数据源模式JPA整合sharding-jdbc实现数据脱敏
前言
前一篇博文,透明化Sharding-JDBC数据库字段加解密方案
已经完整的介绍了数据库脱敏的场景以及方案,来自京东数科的Sharding-JDBC开源项目通过对数据源中间代理的方式透明化的实现了这个功能,但是,功能虽然实现了,sql兼容的小问题还是很多,比如目前还不支持子查询,数据库定义的关键字不允许使用,等等问题,反观我们需要加解密的字段,其实占比非常小,即使遇到了和组件不兼容的地方也可以稍加改动解决掉,所以最后博主给出了一个比较完善的组件集成方案:多数据源模式,需要加解密的数据源和业务其他数据源隔离。
既解决了数据库字段加解密的额问题,同时也解决了组件对sql的兼容问题。
下面是具体的集成步骤以及需要注意的点
引入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${sharding.jdbc.version}</version> </dependency>
这里需要说明下,虽然采用多数据源兼容后,不能使用组件基于spring boot自动装配功能了,但是这里还是建议导入sharding-spring-boot-starter包,因为这个包下内置了配置映射的类,在自定义数据源的时候非常有用
添加sharding数据源配置
#数据库源配置 spring.shardingsphere.datasource.name = ds spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.type = com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.driver-class-name = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.jdbc-url = jdbc:mysql://xxx?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.username = root spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.password = xxx spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.encryptors.encryptor_aes.type = aes spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.encryptors.encryptor_aes.props.aes.key.value = 123456 spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.account.columns.password.plainColumn = password spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.account.columns.password.cipherColumn = password_encrypt spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.account.columns.password.encryptor = encryptor_aes spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show = true spring.shardingsphere.props.query.with.cipher.column = true
排除自动装配
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = SpringBootConfiguration.class)
由于导入了starter包,所以这里需要手动排除自动装载类,
业务数据源配置
多数据源后,业务本身的数据源也需要手动配置,默认的spring boot jpa自动转载类会判断上线文中是否存在EntityManagerFactory类,如果有就不会初始化了,所以两个数据源都需要手动配置
@Configuration @EnableConfigurationProperties(JpaProperties.class) public class DataSourceConfiguration{ private final JpaProperties jpaProperties; private final Environment environment; public DataSourceConfiguration(JpaProperties jpaProperties, Environment environment) { this.jpaProperties = jpaProperties; this.environment = environment; } @Primary @Bean public DataSource dataSource(){ String prefix = "spring.shardingsphere.datasource."; String each = getDataSourceNames(prefix).get(0); try { return getDataSource(prefix, each); } catch (final ReflectiveOperationException ex) { throw new ShardingSphereException("Can't find datasource type!", ex); } } @Primary @Bean public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() { HibernateJpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter(); vendorAdapter.setDatabase(Database.MYSQL); vendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true); vendorAdapter.setShowSql(true); LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean(); factory.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter); factory.setPersistenceUnitName("default"); factory.setPackagesToScan(Constants.BASE_PACKAGES); factory.setDataSource(dataSource()); factory.setJpaPropertyMap(jpaProperties.getProperties()); factory.afterPropertiesSet(); return factory.getObject(); } @Bean @Primary public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory){ return SharedEntityManagerCreator.createSharedEntityManager(entityManagerFactory); } @Primary @Bean public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory){ JpaTransactionManager txManager = new JpaTransactionManager(); txManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory); return txManager; } private ListgetDataSourceNames(final String prefix) { StandardEnvironment standardEnv = (StandardEnvironment) environment; standardEnv.setIgnoreUnresolvableNestedPlaceholders(true); return null == standardEnv.getProperty(prefix + "name") ? new InlineExpressionParser(standardEnv.getProperty(prefix + "names")).splitAndEvaluate() : Collections.singletonList(standardEnv.getProperty(prefix + "name")); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private DataSource getDataSource(final String prefix, final String dataSourceName) throws ReflectiveOperationException { Map dataSourceProps = PropertyUtil.handle(environment, prefix + dataSourceName.trim(), Map.class); Preconditions.checkState(!dataSourceProps.isEmpty(), "Wrong datasource properties!"); DataSource result = DataSourceUtil.getDataSource(dataSourceProps.get("type").toString(), dataSourceProps); DataSourcePropertiesSetterHolder.getDataSourcePropertiesSetterByType(dataSourceProps.get("type").toString()).ifPresent( dataSourcePropertiesSetter -> dataSourcePropertiesSetter.propertiesSet(environment, prefix, dataSourceName, result)); return result; } }
上面代码需要注意三个地方
一是数据源的配置,是以sharding的配置来解析获得的,是因为我们已经集成过了,不想改动配置,所以如此,如果还没集成过,可以直接使用spring 配置数据源的方式配置即可。
二是EntityManager的初始化,通过SharedEntityManagerCreator包装了下,是因为我们业务的查询通过继承SimpleJpaRepository来扩展功能的,通过SharedEntityManagerCreator包装保留了完整的事务功能。
三是需要给所有的业务数据源的配置添加 @Primary注解,让sprign上下文默认使用业务数据源
加解密数据源配置
/** * @author: kl @kailing.pub * @date: 2020/5/18 */ @Configuration @EnableConfigurationProperties({JpaProperties.class,SpringBootEncryptRuleConfigurationProperties.class, SpringBootPropertiesConfigurationProperties.class}) @AutoConfigureAfter({DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, DataSourceConfiguration.class}) public class EncryptDataSourceConfiguration { private final SpringBootPropertiesConfigurationProperties props; private final SpringBootEncryptRuleConfigurationProperties encryptRule; private final JpaProperties jpaProperties; private final DataSource dataSource; public EncryptDataSourceConfiguration(SpringBootPropertiesConfigurationProperties props, SpringBootEncryptRuleConfigurationProperties encryptRule, JpaProperties jpaProperties, DataSource dataSource) { this.props = props; this.encryptRule = encryptRule; this.jpaProperties = jpaProperties; this.dataSource = dataSource; } @Bean public DataSource encryptDataSource() throws SQLException { return EncryptDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dataSource, new EncryptRuleConfigurationYamlSwapper().swap(encryptRule), props.getProps()); } @Bean public EntityManagerFactory encryptEntityManagerFactory() throws SQLException { HibernateJpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter(); vendorAdapter.setDatabase(Database.MYSQL); LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean(); factory.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter); factory.setPersistenceUnitName("encryptPersistenceUnit"); factory.setPackagesToScan(Constants.BASE_PACKAGES); factory.setDataSource(encryptDataSource()); factory.setJpaPropertyMap(jpaProperties.getProperties()); factory.afterPropertiesSet(); return factory.getObject(); } @Bean public EntityManager encryptEntityManager() throws SQLException { return SharedEntityManagerCreator.createSharedEntityManager(encryptEntityManagerFactory()); } @Bean public PlatformTransactionManager encryptTransactionManager() throws SQLException { JpaTransactionManager txManager = new JpaTransactionManager(); txManager.setEntityManagerFactory(encryptEntityManagerFactory()); return txManager; } }
加解密数据源的源来自于业务数据源,只是在这里给业务数据源又代理了一层加解密的逻辑。加解密的规则配置采用了sharding-spring-boot-starter包中的映射类,所以可以保留和spring boot配置方式一致。
加解密数据源的使用
在使用时,因为默认使用的是业务数据源,所以需要在需要加解密的地方通过@Qualifier("encryptEntityManager")显示的注入加解密的数据源代理,如:
@Repository public class AccountRepository extends AbstractJpaRepository { public AccountRepository(@Qualifier("encryptEntityManager") EntityManager em) { super(AccountModel.class, em); } @Override @Transactional(transactionManager = "encryptTransactionManager") public S save(S entity) { return super.save(entity); } }
另,需要手动指定加解密数据源的事务管理器
结语
没有十全十美的组件,Sharding-JDBC的数据脱敏方案已经趋向于完美了。由于组件本身的架构设计,确实不好做到100%的兼容。在发现加解密组件不支持子查询时,博主发现实现这个功能很简单,尝试过向官方添加这个功能提交pr。经过对组件的进一步了解发现,从全局考虑实现这个功能非常复杂,也就放弃了。目前这个多数据源模式可以很好的解决这个问题,如果有更好的集成方案,欢迎在下面留言交流
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