C#多种操作excel的方法比较
时间：2022-12-31 12:20:31|栏目：.NET代码|点击： 次
我们在做excel资料的时候，通常有以下方法。
一.导入导出excel常用方法：
1.用查询表的方式查询并show在数据集控件上。
public static string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source =C:\\08.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";
public static DataSet ds;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strCon);
string sql = "select * from [Sheet1$]";
conn.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, strCon);
ds = new DataSet();
myCommand.Fill(ds, "[Sheet1$]");
conn.Close();
datagrid1.DataMember = "[Sheet1$]";
datagrid1.DataSource = ds;
datagrid1.DataBind();
//Excel.Application excel = new Excel.Application();
//excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);
//excel.Visible = true;
}
2.一个一个单元格的进行插入
string str = @"Data Source=IT-428E4EA4B0C7\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TestBase;Integrated Security=True";
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(str);
conn.Open();
int n = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++)
{
if (n > 3)
break;
else
if (msheet.Cells.get_Range("A" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString() == "" && n <= 3)
{ n++; }
else
{
//循环获取excel单元格的值一次一次的插入，excuteSql为执行的存储过程
excuteSql(msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 1), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 2), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
conn);
i = i + 3;
}
}
conn.Close();
二快速导入导出
1.我们都知道当向db里批量插入数据的时候我们会选择SqlBulkCopy
if (dataTable!=null && dataTable.Rows.Count!=0)
{
sqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(dataTable);
}
这个可以看 深山老林新发的一篇SQLServer中批量插入数据方式的性能对比
下面是SqlBulkCopy的方法，这个方法有一个弊端就是当excel某一列即有文字，还有日期的时候，会出现null值，我在网上查了一些资料说连接字串加上;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'的时候会都当做字符处理，但是还是会出现一些bug，所以建议最好先把excel数据分析到datatable里然后再用SqlBulkCopy倒入数据库
// block copy to DB from Excel
//By xijun,
//step create an excel file C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\test.xls , fill cell(1,1) with "Data",cell(1,2) with "name"
//step create table named "Data" with column ("data","name") in your DB
//there the code below:
DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString());
string ExcelFile = @"C:\\_Hub_Report.xls";
string excelConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'";
using (OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString))
{
excelConnection.Open();
//Getting source data
//非空讀入數據
OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand("Select [Region],[CustomerPN],[RMA],[Date],[QTY],[Return/Pull] FROM [_Hub_Report$] ", excelConnection);
// Initialize SqlBulkCopy object
using (OleDbDataReader dr = command.ExecuteReader())
{
// Copy data to destination
string sqlConnectionString = @"Data Source=MININT-GPHNA\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Integrated Security=True";
using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConnectionString))
{
bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "GDS_Hub_data";
//加入只加入一個列的話,那么就會其他數據庫列都默認為空。
bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Region", "region");
bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("CustomerPN", "customer_item_number");
bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("RMA", "Rma");
bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Date", "date");
bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("QTY", "Qty_1");
bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Return/Pull", "return_pull");
//bcp.BatchSize =;//每次传输的行数
//bcp.NotifyAfter =;//进度提示的行数
bulkCopy.BatchSize =;
bulkCopy.NotifyAfter =;
bulkCopy.WriteToServer((IDataReader)dr);
}
}
//Closing connection
excelConnection.Close();
}
DateTime t2 = DateTime.Now;
Response.Write("<br>End time:" + t2.ToString());
Response.Write("<br>use time:" + ((TimeSpan)(t2 - t1)).Milliseconds.ToString() + " Milliseconds");
Response.Write("<br>inser record count :");
2.快速导出db的数据到excel
这种方法就是利用
Excel.QueryTables
Excel.QueryTable
Querytable把数据快速导入excel里。我们在做复杂报表的时候，这个用的是比较多了，但是单单会这个没有用，它只是快速的把db里的数据放放到excel里，在做大量数据而且需要设定excel样式的时候我们会选择先用这种方法把数据导入excel一个临时sheet，再利sheet复制，sheet移动，和一些excel样式设定，以及excel一个强大的自动填充的功能，那么这些就可以让我们快速的做出花样多试的excel报表，当然这个要求我们比较熟练office的操作，包括宏的操作。
public string query_table_getdata(string sourpath)
{
string str_path = sourpath.Substring(0, sourpath.Length - 22);
str_path = str_path + "basic.xls";
Excel.QueryTables m_objQryTables = null;
Excel.QueryTable m_objQryTable = null;
Excel.Application m_objExcel = null;
Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null;
Excel.Workbook m_objBook = null;
Excel.Sheets m_objSheets = null;
Excel.Worksheet m_objSheet = null;
Excel.Range m_objRange = null;
m_objExcel = new Excel.Application();
//try
//{
m_objBooks = m_objExcel.Workbooks;
m_objBooks.Open(sourpath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
m_objBook = (Excel.Workbook)m_objBooks.get_Item(1);
m_objSheets = (Excel.Sheets)m_objBook.Worksheets;
m_objSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)m_objSheets.get_Item(1);
m_objRange = m_objSheet.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing);
m_objQryTables = m_objSheet.QueryTables;
string sqlstr = "SELECT [day01],[day02],[day03],[day04],[day05],[day06],[day07],[day08],[day09],[day10],[day11],[day12],[day13],[day14]";
sqlstr += ",[week01] ,[week02],[week03],[week04],[week05],[week06],[week07],[week08],[week09],[week10],[week11],[week12],[week13],[week14]";
sqlstr += ",[week15],[week16],[week17],[week18],[week19],[week20],[week21],[week22],[week23],[week24]";
sqlstr += " FROM [GDS_Service].[dbo].[GDS_Service_Report_Base] order by groupID ,id";
//可以放在配置文件里
string conn = @"Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;uid=xijun_ke;Password=12345678;
Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Persist Security Info=False;";
m_objQryTable = (Excel.QueryTable)m_objQryTables.Add("OLEDB;" + conn, m_objRange, sqlstr);
m_objQryTable.RefreshStyle = Excel.XlCellInsertionMode.xlInsertEntireRows;
m_objQryTable.Refresh(false);
m_objBook.SaveAs(str_path, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
m_objBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
//}
//catch (Exception ee)
//{
// mp.WriteLog(ee.ToString());
//}
//finally
//{
m_objExcel.Quit();
GC.Collect();
//}
return str_path;
}
com操作excel的一些特性操作：
range.NumberFormatLocal = "@"; //设置单元格格式为文本
range = (Range)worksheet.get_Range("A1", "E1"); //获取Excel多个单元格区域：本例做为Excel表头
range.Merge(0); //单元格合并动作
worksheet.Cells[1, 1] = "Excel单元格赋值"; //Excel单元格赋值
range.Font.Size = 15; //设置字体大小
range.Font.Underline=true; //设置字体是否有下划线
range.Font.Name="黑体"; 设置字体的种类
range.HorizontalAlignment=XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter; //设置字体在单元格内的对其方式
range.ColumnWidth=15; //设置单元格的宽度
range.Cells.Interior.Color=System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(255,204,153).ToArgb(); //设置单元格的背景色
range.Borders.LineStyle=1; //设置单元格边框的粗细
range.BorderAround(XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,XlBorderWeight.xlThick,XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb()); //给单元格加边框
range.EntireColumn.AutoFit(); //自动调整列宽
Range.HorizontalAlignment= xlCenter; // 文本水平居中方式
Range.VerticalAlignment= xlCenter //文本垂直居中方式
Range.WrapText=true; //文本自动换行
Range.Interior.ColorIndex=39; //填充颜色为淡紫色
Range.Font.Color=clBlue; //字体颜色
xlsApp.DisplayAlerts=false; //保存Excel的时候，不弹出是否保存的窗口直接进行保存
workbook.SaveCopyAs(temp);/**////填入完信息之后另存到路径及文件名字
excel宏操作，sheet和单元格操作：
/// <summary>
/// 讀取excel數據和插入公式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString());
Excel.Application excelkk = new Excel.Application();
excelkk.Workbooks.Add(true);
int row = 2;
DataTable myTable = ds.Tables["[Sheet1$]"];
for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Columns.Count; i++)
{
excelkk.Cells[1, 1 + i] = myTable.Columns[i].ColumnName.ToString();
}
for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Rows.Count; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < myTable.Columns.Count; j++)
{
excelkk.Cells[row, j + 1] = myTable.Rows[i][j].ToString();
}
row++;
}
//取得特定單元格的值
excelkk.Visible = true;
this.TextBoxChange.Text = excelkk.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing).Text.ToString();
//表的單元格合并
Excel.Range range1 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "D4");
range1.Merge(Type.Missing);
//想表格中插入求和的值
Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);
range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";
range2.Calculate();
//進行宏的循環應用與單元格的刪除和添加，多個單元格默認宏自動操作。
Excel.Range range3 = excelkk.get_Range("B25","E25");
range2.AutoFill(range3,Excel.XlAutoFillType.xlFillDefault);
//刪除表的指定行數操作
Excel.Range range7 = null;
range7 = excelkk.get_Range(excelkk.Cells[2, 2], excelkk.Cells[4, 4]);
range7.Select();
range7.EntireRow.Delete(Excel.XlDirection.xlUp);
//獲取最大用過的行數
Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelkk.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
int n =wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;
Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");
//MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
n = wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;
Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");
//MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
//數據的複製
Excel.Range range4 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "B25");
Excel.Range range5 = excelkk.get_Range("E3", "F25");
//range4.get_Offset(1,4).Select();
range4.Copy(range5);
//停用警告信息
excelkk.DisplayAlerts = false;
GC.Collect();
}
單個sheet里求和：
Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);
range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";
range2.Calculate();
跨sheet求和：
Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelSql.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
Excel.Range range3 =wsheet1.get_Range("A23", Type.Missing);
range3.Formula = "=Sheet3!B8+Sheet3!B12";
range3.Calculate();
虽然我们拥有强大的NPOI，不过我还是写出来，希望对大家理解office有一定的用处。
