如何优雅的进行Spring整合MongoDB详解

时间：2022-12-14 10:28:01|栏目：JAVA代码|点击：次

前言

本文重点是要将mongodb与spring整合到项目中去，在实践中发现问题，追踪问题，然后解决问题。下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。

一、准备

Maven、Spring(spring-data-mongodb)
spring Data for MongoDB是Spring Data的一个子模块。目标是为mongodb提供一个相近的一致的基于Spring的编程模型。
Spring Data for MongoDB核心功能是映射POJO到Mongo的DBCollection中的文档，并且提供Repository 风格数据访问层。

二、特性

MongoDB的提供了一个面向文档存储，操作起来比较简单和容易。
你可以在MongoDB记录中设置任何属性的索引 (如：FirstName="Ning",Address="Beijing")来实现更快的排序。
你可以通过本地或者网络创建数据镜像，这使得MongoDB有更强的扩展性。
如果负载的增加（需要更多的存储空间和更强的处理能力），它可以分布在计算机网络中的其他节点上这就是所谓的分片。
Mongo支持丰富的查询表达式。查询指令使用JSON形式的标记，可轻易查询文档中内嵌的对象及数组。
MongoDb 使用update()命令可以实现替换完成的文档（数据）或者一些指定的数据字段。
Mongodb中的Map/reduce主要是用来对数据进行批量处理和聚合操作。
Map和Reduce。Map函数调用emit(key,value)遍历集合中所有的记录，将key与value传给Reduce函数进行处理。
Map函数和Reduce函数是使用Javascript编写的，并可以通过db.runCommand或mapreduce命令来执行MapReduce操作。
GridFS是MongoDB中的一个内置功能，可以用于存放大量小文件。
MongoDB允许在服务端执行脚本，可以用Javascript编写某个函数，直接在服务端执行，也可以把函数的定义存储在服务端，下次直接调用即可。
MongoDB支持各种编程语言:RUBY，PYTHON，JAVA，C++，PHP，C#等多种语言。

三、依赖包

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
 <version>1.5.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
 <version>1.5.10</version>
</dependency>

spring 相关依赖

<!-- spring web相关依赖 -->
 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- spring test依赖 -->
 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
  <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>

四、集成MongoDB

【注：MongoDB添加权限管理请参见我的这篇文章:MongDB开启权限认证】

mongodb.properties

mongo.hostport=172.16.4.166:27017
mongo.dbname=ad_api_count
mongo.username=hehaitao
mongo.password=hehaitao
mongo.connectionsPerHost=8
mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier=4
#\u8FDE\u63A5\u8D85\u65F6\u65F6\u95F4
mongo.connectTimeout=1000
#\u7B49\u5F85\u65F6\u95F4
mongo.maxWaitTime=1500
mongo.autoConnectRetry=true
mongo.socketKeepAlive=true
#Socket\u8D85\u65F6\u65F6\u95F4
mongo.socketTimeout=1500
mongo.slaveOk=true

mongoDB.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
 xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">
 <!-- 加载mongodb的属性配置文件 -->
 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:mongodb.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
 
 <!-- 定义mongo对象，对应的是mongodb官方jar包中的Mongo，replica-set设置集群副本的ip地址和端口 -->
 <mongo:mongo id="mongo" replica-set="${mongo.hostport}">
 <mongo:options
  connections-per-host="${mongo.connectionsPerHost}"
  threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="${mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier}"
  connect-timeout="${mongo.connectTimeout}"
  max-wait-time="${mongo.maxWaitTime}"
  auto-connect-retry="${mongo.autoConnectRetry}"
  socket-keep-alive="${mongo.socketKeepAlive}"
  socket-timeout="${mongo.socketTimeout}"
  slave-ok="${mongo.slaveOk}"
  write-number="1"
  write-timeout="0"
  write-fsync="true"/> 
 </mongo:mongo>
 <mongo:db-factory id="mgFactory" 
 dbname="${mongo.dbname}" 
 username="${mongo.username}" 
 password="${mongo.password}"
  mongo-ref="mongo" />
 
 <bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
 <constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mgFactory"/>
 </bean>
</beans>

spring-contex.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd"> 
 <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/> 
 <!--使用注解管理bean -->
 <context:annotation-config/> 
 <!-- 扫描com.lutongnet下的所有类 -->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.lutong.cps">
 <context:exclude-filter type = "annotation" expression = "org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
 </context:component-scan>
 <import resource="mongoDB.xml"/> 
</beans>

五、代码实现

基础实现MongoDBService

/**
 * File Name : MongoDBService.java
 * Package : com.lutongnet.ad.service
 * Description : TODO
 * Author : zhangfj
 * Date : 2012-11-29
 * Version : V1.0 
 */
package com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/** 
 * @author zhangfj
 *
 */
@Service("mongoDBService")
public class MongoDBService
{
 /*@Resource(name = "mongoTemplate")
 protected MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;*/
 /**
 * 
 * @param query 
 * @param entityClass 
 * @return T 
 */
 public <T> T findOne(Query query, Class<T> entityClass)
 {
 ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("mongoDB.xml");
 MongoTemplate mongoTemplate= (MongoTemplate) context.getBean("mongoTemplate");
 // 可以直接调用
 return mongoTemplate.findOne(query, entityClass);
 }
}

继承类UserAdCountService

/**
 * File Name : UserAdCountService.java
 * Package : com.lutongnet.ad.service
 * Description : TODO
 * Author : zhangfj
 * Date : 2012-11-29
 * Version : V1.0 
 */
package com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.lutong.cps.schedule.entity.UserAdCount;
/** 
 * @author zhangfj
 *
 */
@Service("userAdCountService")
public class UserAdCountService extends MongoDBService
{
 /**
 * 获取单个广告的观看次数，查询不到则返回0
 * 
 * @param adCode 
 * @return int 
 */
 public int getUserAdCount(UserAdCount adCode)
 {
 Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
 criteria.andOperator(Criteria.where("userAd").is(adCode.getUserAd()),
  Criteria.where("adCode").is(adCode.getAdCode()),
  Criteria.where("countDate").is(adCode.getCountDate()));
 Query query = new Query(criteria);
 UserAdCount result = findOne(query, UserAdCount.class);
 if (null != result)
 {
  return result.getTimesCount();
 }
 return 0;
 }
}

实体类UserAdCount

package com.lutong.cps.schedule.entity;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.PersistenceConstructor;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
/**
 * mongo专用统计单个用户的单个广告观看次数
 * @author cancer
 *
 */
@Document(collection="userAdCount")
public class UserAdCount
{
 private int timesCount;
 
 /**
 * 用户账号
 */
 private String userAd; 
 private String adCode;
 private String countDate;
 private Date expireAt;
@PersistenceConstructor
 public UserAdCount(int timesCount, String userAd,String adCode,String countDate,Date expireAt)
 {
 this.timesCount = timesCount;
 this.userAd = userAd;
 this.adCode = adCode;
 this.countDate = countDate;
 this.expireAt = expireAt;
 }
 
 public UserAdCount(String userAd,String adCode,String countDate)
 {
 this.userAd = userAd;
 this.adCode = adCode;
 this.countDate = countDate;
 }
 
 public UserAdCount(String userAd,String adCode,String countDate,Date expireAt)
 {
 this.userAd = userAd;
 this.adCode = adCode;
 this.countDate = countDate;
 this.expireAt = expireAt;
 }
public UserAdCount(String countDate)
 {
 this.countDate = countDate;
 }

 public int getTimesCount()
 {
 return timesCount;
 }

 public void setTimesCount(int timesCount)
 {
 this.timesCount = timesCount;
 }

 public String getUserAd()
 {
 return userAd;
 }

 public void setUserAd(String userAd)
 {
 this.userAd = userAd;
 }

 public String getAdCode()
 {
 return adCode;
 }

 public void setAdCode(String adCode)
 {
 this.adCode = adCode;
 }

 public String getCountDate() {
 return countDate;
 }

 public void setCountDate(String countDate) {
 this.countDate = countDate;
 }

 public Date getExpireAt() {
 return expireAt;
 }

 public void setExpireAt(Date expireAt) {
 this.expireAt = expireAt;
 } 
}

最后写一个测试类来测试下

import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.acts.web.modules.mark.model.Users;
import com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj.UserAdCountService;
@ContextConfiguration({ "classpath:spring-context.xml",
 "classpath:mongoDB.xml"})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class UserTest {
 @Resource(name = "userAdCountService")
 private UserAdCountService userAdCountService;
 @Test
 public void testDao() {
 try {
  UserAdCount userAdCount = new UserAdCount("hehaitao", "pos001",
    DateTime.now().toString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
  int count = userAdCountService
    .getUserAdCount(userAdCount);
  System.out.println(count);
 } catch (Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
}

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