MyBatis执行Sql的流程实例解析
这篇文章主要介绍了MyBatis执行Sql的流程实例解析,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下
本博客着重介绍MyBatis执行Sql的流程,关于在执行过程中缓存、动态SQl生成等细节不在本博客中体现,相应内容后面再单独写博客分析吧。
还是以之前的查询作为列子:
public class UserDaoTest { private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception{ ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("mybatis-config.xml"); InputStream inputStream = resource.getInputStream(); sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); } @Test public void selectUserTest(){ String id = "{0003CCCA-AEA9-4A1E-A3CC-06D884BA3906}"; SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); CbondissuerMapper cbondissuerMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CbondissuerMapper.class); Cbondissuer cbondissuer = cbondissuerMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id); System.out.println(cbondissuer); sqlSession.close(); } }
之前提到拿到sqlSession之后就能进行各种CRUD操作了,所以我们就从sqlSession.getMapper这个方法开始分析,看下整个Sql的执行流程是怎么样的。
获取Mapper
进入sqlSession.getMapper方法,会发现调的是Configration对象的getMapper方法:
public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) { //mapperRegistry实质上是一个Map,里面注册了启动过程中解析的各种Mapper.xml //mapperRegistry的key是接口的全限定名,比如com.csx.demo.spring.boot.dao.SysUserMapper //mapperRegistry的Value是MapperProxyFactory,用于生成对应的MapperProxy(动态代理类) return mapperRegistry.getMapper(type, sqlSession); }
进入getMapper方法:
public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) { final MapperProxyFactory<T> mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory<T>) knownMappers.get(type); //如果配置文件中没有配置相关Mapper,直接抛异常 if (mapperProxyFactory == null) { throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is not known to the MapperRegistry."); } try { //关键方法 return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession); } catch (Exception e) { throw new BindingException("Error getting mapper instance. Cause: " + e, e); } }
进入MapperProxyFactory的newInstance方法:
public class MapperProxyFactory<T> { private final Class<T> mapperInterface; private final Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<Method, MapperMethod>(); public MapperProxyFactory(Class<T> mapperInterface) { this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface; } public Class<T> getMapperInterface() { return mapperInterface; } public Map<Method, MapperMethod> getMethodCache() { return methodCache; } //生成Mapper接口的动态代理类MapperProxy @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") protected T newInstance(MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy) { return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(mapperInterface.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { mapperInterface }, mapperProxy); } public T newInstance(SqlSession sqlSession) { final MapperProxy<T> mapperProxy = new MapperProxy<T>(sqlSession, mapperInterface, methodCache); return newInstance(mapperProxy); } }
下面是动态代理类MapperProxy,调用Mapper接口的所有方法都会先调用到这个代理类的invoke方法(注意由于Mybatis中的Mapper接口没有实现类,所以MapperProxy这个代理对象中没有委托类,也就是说MapperProxy干了代理类和委托类的事情)。好了下面重点看下invoke方法。
//MapperProxy代理类 public class MapperProxy<T> implements InvocationHandler, Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -6424540398559729838L; private final SqlSession sqlSession; private final Class<T> mapperInterface; private final Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache; public MapperProxy(SqlSession sqlSession, Class<T> mapperInterface, Map<Method, MapperMethod> methodCache) { this.sqlSession = sqlSession; this.mapperInterface = mapperInterface; this.methodCache = methodCache; } @Override public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { try { if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) { return method.invoke(this, args); } else if (isDefaultMethod(method)) { return invokeDefaultMethod(proxy, method, args); } } catch (Throwable t) { throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t); } //获取MapperMethod,并调用MapperMethod final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method); return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args); } private MapperMethod cachedMapperMethod(Method method) { MapperMethod mapperMethod = methodCache.get(method); if (mapperMethod == null) { mapperMethod = new MapperMethod(mapperInterface, method, sqlSession.getConfiguration()); methodCache.put(method, mapperMethod); } return mapperMethod; } @UsesJava7 private Object invokeDefaultMethod(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { final Constructor<MethodHandles.Lookup> constructor = MethodHandles.Lookup.class .getDeclaredConstructor(Class.class, int.class); if (!constructor.isAccessible()) { constructor.setAccessible(true); } final Class<?> declaringClass = method.getDeclaringClass(); return constructor .newInstance(declaringClass, MethodHandles.Lookup.PRIVATE | MethodHandles.Lookup.PROTECTED | MethodHandles.Lookup.PACKAGE | MethodHandles.Lookup.PUBLIC) .unreflectSpecial(method, declaringClass).bindTo(proxy).invokeWithArguments(args); } /** * Backport of java.lang.reflect.Method#isDefault() */ private boolean isDefaultMethod(Method method) { return ((method.getModifiers() & (Modifier.ABSTRACT | Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC)) == Modifier.PUBLIC) && method.getDeclaringClass().isInterface(); } }
所以这边需要进入MapperMethod的execute方法:
public Object execute(SqlSession sqlSession, Object[] args) { Object result; //判断是CRUD那种方法 switch (command.getType()) { case INSERT: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args); result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.insert(command.getName(), param)); break; } case UPDATE: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args); result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.update(command.getName(), param)); break; } case DELETE: { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args); result = rowCountResult(sqlSession.delete(command.getName(), param)); break; } case SELECT: if (method.returnsVoid() && method.hasResultHandler()) { executeWithResultHandler(sqlSession, args); result = null; } else if (method.returnsMany()) { result = executeForMany(sqlSession, args); } else if (method.returnsMap()) { result = executeForMap(sqlSession, args); } else if (method.returnsCursor()) { result = executeForCursor(sqlSession, args); } else { Object param = method.convertArgsToSqlCommandParam(args); result = sqlSession.selectOne(command.getName(), param); } break; case FLUSH: result = sqlSession.flushStatements(); break; default: throw new BindingException("Unknown execution method for: " + command.getName()); } if (result == null && method.getReturnType().isPrimitive() && !method.returnsVoid()) { throw new BindingException("Mapper method '" + command.getName() + " attempted to return null from a method with a primitive return type (" + method.getReturnType() + ")."); } return result; }
然后,通过一层一层的调用,最终会来到doQuery方法, 这儿咱们就随便找个Excutor看看doQuery方法的实现吧,我这儿选择了SimpleExecutor:
public <E> List<E> doQuery(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException { Statement stmt = null; try { Configuration configuration = ms.getConfiguration(); //内部封装了ParameterHandler和ResultSetHandler StatementHandler handler = configuration.newStatementHandler(wrapper, ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql); stmt = prepareStatement(handler, ms.getStatementLog()); //StatementHandler封装了Statement, 让 StatementHandler 去处理 return handler.<E>query(stmt, resultHandler); } finally { closeStatement(stmt); } }
接下来,咱们看看StatementHandler 的一个实现类 PreparedStatementHandler(这也是我们最常用的,封装的是PreparedStatement), 看看它使怎么去处理的:
public <E> List<E> query(Statement statement, ResultHandler resultHandler) throws SQLException { //到此,原形毕露, PreparedStatement, 这个大家都已经滚瓜烂熟了吧 PreparedStatement ps = (PreparedStatement) statement; ps.execute(); //结果交给了ResultSetHandler 去处理,处理完之后返回给客户端 return resultSetHandler.<E> handleResultSets(ps); }
到此,整个调用流程结束。
简单总结
这边结合获取SqlSession的流程,做下简单的总结:
- SqlSessionFactoryBuilder解析配置文件,包括属性配置、别名配置、拦截器配置、环境(数据源和事务管理器)、Mapper配置等;解析完这些配置后会生成一个Configration对象,这个对象中包含了MyBatis需要的所有配置,然后会用这个Configration对象创建一个SqlSessionFactory对象,这个对象中包含了Configration对象;
- 拿到SqlSessionFactory对象后,会调用SqlSessionFactory的openSesison方法,这个方法会创建一个Sql执行器(Executor组件中包含了Transaction对象),这个Sql执行器会代理你配置的拦截器方法。
- 获得上面的Sql执行器后,会创建一个SqlSession(默认使用DefaultSqlSession),这个SqlSession中也包含了Configration对象和上面创建的Executor对象,所以通过SqlSession也能拿到全局配置;
- 获得SqlSession对象后就能执行各种CRUD方法了。
以上是获得SqlSession的流程,下面总结下本博客中介绍的Sql的执行流程:
- 调用SqlSession的getMapper方法,获得Mapper接口的动态代理对象MapperProxy,调用Mapper接口的所有方法都会调用到MapperProxy的invoke方法(动态代理机制);
- MapperProxy的invoke方法中唯一做的就是创建一个MapperMethod对象,然后调用这个对象的execute方法,sqlSession会作为execute方法的入参;
- 往下,层层调下来会进入Executor组件(如果配置插件会对Executor进行动态代理)的query方法,这个方法中会创建一个StatementHandler对象,这个对象中同时会封装ParameterHandler和ResultSetHandler对象。调用StatementHandler预编译参数以及设置参数值,使用ParameterHandler来给sql设置参数。
Executor组件有两个直接实现类,分别是BaseExecutor和CachingExecutor。CachingExecutor静态代理了BaseExecutor。Executor组件封装了Transction组件,Transction组件中又分装了Datasource组件。
- 调用StatementHandler的增删改查方法获得结果,ResultSetHandler对结果进行封装转换,请求结束。
Executor、StatementHandler 、ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler,Mybatis的插件会对上面的四个组件进行动态代理。
重要类
- MapperProxyFactory
- MapperProxy
- MapperMethod
- SqlSession:作为MyBatis工作的主要顶层API,表示和数据库交互的会话,完成必要数据库增删改查功能;
- Executor:MyBatis执行器,是MyBatis 调度的核心,负责SQL语句的生成和查询缓存的维护;
- StatementHandler 封装了JDBC Statement操作,负责对JDBC statement 的操作,如设置参数、将Statement结果集转换成List集合。
- ParameterHandler 负责对用户传递的参数转换成JDBC Statement 所需要的参数,
- ResultSetHandler 负责将JDBC返回的ResultSet结果集对象转换成List类型的集合;
- TypeHandler 负责java数据类型和jdbc数据类型之间的映射和转换
- MappedStatement MappedStatement维护了一条<select|update|delete|insert>节点的封装,
- SqlSource 负责根据用户传递的parameterObject,动态地生成SQL语句,将信息封装到BoundSql对象中,并返回
- BoundSql 表示动态生成的SQL语句以及相应的参数信息
Configuration MyBatis所有的配置信息都维持在Configuration对象之中。