简单聊聊vue2.x的$attrs和$listeners
$attrs
$attrs 用于多层次组件传递参数(组件标签的attribute,class和style除外),爷爷辈组件向孙子辈组件传递参数(注:参数不能被父辈prop识别,一旦被父辈prop识别且获取,则孙子辈组件不能获取到该参数)
写法如下:(注:v-bind不能用简写 :)
<grand-son v-bind="$attrs" />
下面举个栗子:
爷爷(GrandFather)向父亲(Father)传递一个 msg1
向孙子(GrandSon)传递一个 msg2,孙子会一并接收 msg1(然而被父亲接走了,所以孙子收不到 msg1)
<!-- GrandFather.vue --> <template> <div> GrandFather: <father :msg1="msg1" :msg2="msg2" /> </div> </template> <script> import Father from './Father.vue' export default { components: { Father }, data() { return { msg1: 'msg1', msg2: 'msg2' } } } </script>
<!-- Father.vue --> <template> <div> Father: {{ msg1 }} <grand-son v-bind="$attrs" /> </div> </template> <script> import GrandSon from './GrandSon.vue' export default { components: { GrandSon }, props: ['msg1'] } </script>
<!-- GrandSon.vue --> <template> <div>GrandSon: {{ msg1 }}{{ msg2 }}</div> </template> <script> export default { props: ['msg1', 'msg2'] } </script>
界面现实结果:
GrandFather:
Father: msg1
GrandSon: msg2
$listeners
$listeners 用于多层次组件传递事件监听器,爷爷辈组件向父辈、孙子辈、曾孙子辈……组件传递事件(与 $attrs 不同,不存在半路被拦截的情况)
写法如下:(注:v-on 不能用简写 @,虽然不报错,但是也不生效)
<grand-son v-on="$listeners" />
下面继续使用 爷爷-> 父亲 -> 孙子 的栗子:
爷爷(GrandFather)给父亲(Father)绑定一个 click 事件
父亲通过点击 div 触发 click 事件,同时向孙子(GrandSon)传递 $listeners
<!-- GrandFather.vue --> <template> <div> GrandFather: <father :msg1="msg1" :msg2="msg2" @click="handleClick" /> </div> </template> <script> import Father from './Father.vue' export default { components: { Father }, data() { return { msg1: 'msg1', msg2: 'msg2' } }, methods: { handleClick() { console.log('trriger click') } } } </script>
<!-- Father.vue --> <template> <div> <div @click="handleFatherClick">Father: {{ msg1 }}</div> <grand-son v-bind="$attrs" v-on="$listeners" /> </div> </template> <script> import GrandSon from './GrandSon.vue' export default { components: { GrandSon }, props: ['msg1'], methods: { handleFatherClick() { console.log('father click') this.$emit('click') } } } </script>
<!-- GrandSon.vue --> <template> <div @click="handleSonClick">GrandSon: {{ msg1 }}{{ msg2 }}</div> </template> <script> export default { props: ['msg1', 'msg2'], methods: { handleSonClick() { console.log('grandson click') this.$emit('click') } } } </script>
界面:
GrandFather:
Father: msg1
GrandSon: msg2
点击 Father: msg1,控制台显示:
father click
trriger click
点击 GrandSon: msg2,控制台显示:
grandson click
trriger click