在winform下实现左右布局多窗口界面的方法之续篇
在上篇文章在winform下实现左右布局多窗口界面的方法已经实现了左右布局多窗口界面,今天本来是研究基于winform的插件编程,没想到顺便又找到了另一种实现方案,这种实现方案更简单,要写的代码也很少,具体实现如下。
可视化设计部份:
1.父窗口:ParentForm的IsMdiContainer 设置为 true,即:this.IsMdiContainer=true;
2.在父窗口中添加一个顶部菜单:menuStrip1,并新增一个菜单项:Windows,且将menuStrip1的MdiWindowListItem设置为该Windows菜单对象,即: this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem;
3.在父窗口中添加一个树形菜单:treeView1,并将其Dock设为左靠齐,即:this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left;且将margin设为0;
4.在父窗口中添加一个Panel:panel1,且将其width设为3;
以下是设计后自动生成的代码:
namespace WinFormTest { partial class ParentForm { /// <summary> /// 必需的设计器变量。 /// </summary> private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; /// <summary> /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。 /// </summary> /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源,为 true;否则为 false。</param> protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码 /// <summary> /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要 /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。 /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.menuStrip1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip(); this.windowsToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem(); this.treeView1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TreeView(); this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel(); this.menuStrip1.SuspendLayout(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // menuStrip1 // this.menuStrip1.Items.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] { this.windowsToolStripMenuItem}); this.menuStrip1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0); this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem; this.menuStrip1.Name = "menuStrip1"; this.menuStrip1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 25); this.menuStrip1.TabIndex = 0; this.menuStrip1.Text = "menuStrip1"; // // windowsToolStripMenuItem // this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Name = "windowsToolStripMenuItem"; this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(73, 21); this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Text = "Windows"; // // treeView1 // this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left; this.treeView1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 25); this.treeView1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0); this.treeView1.Name = "treeView1"; this.treeView1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(228, 380); this.treeView1.TabIndex = 3; this.treeView1.NodeMouseDoubleClick += new System.Windows.Forms.TreeNodeMouseClickEventHandler(this.treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick); // // panel1 // this.panel1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)(((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom) | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left))); this.panel1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; this.panel1.BorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle.FixedSingle; this.panel1.Cursor = System.Windows.Forms.Cursors.VSplit; this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(230, 28); this.panel1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0); this.panel1.Name = "panel1"; this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(3, 100); this.panel1.TabIndex = 5; // // Form1 // this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F); this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font; this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 405); this.Controls.Add(this.panel1); this.Controls.Add(this.treeView1); this.Controls.Add(this.menuStrip1); this.IsMdiContainer = true; this.MainMenuStrip = this.menuStrip1; this.Name = "Form1"; this.Text = "Form1"; this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load); this.Resize += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Resize); this.menuStrip1.ResumeLayout(false); this.menuStrip1.PerformLayout(); this.ResumeLayout(false); this.PerformLayout(); } #endregion private System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip menuStrip1; private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem windowsToolStripMenuItem; private System.Windows.Forms.TreeView treeView1; private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1; } }
编码部份:
其实上面的设计后,如果通过以下定义的方法打开一个子窗口,则直接实现了左右布局且包含多子窗口的界面。
private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new() { Form childForm = new TForm(); childForm.MdiParent = this; childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString(); childForm.Text = childForm.Name; childForm.Show(); }
当然仍然有不完美的地方,那就是左边菜单栏宽度不能动态调整,而又没有用到splitContainer,故我们只有自己来实现,其实也很简单,步骤如下:
1.在父窗口构造函数中加入初始化panel1(用作分割器)位置及订阅相关事件,代码如下:
public ParentForm() { InitializeComponent(); panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown; panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp; panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove; panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height; panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width; panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; }
上述代码的作用是:1.保证panel1的高度与位置与左侧树形菜单控件相匹配;2.订阅的三个Mouse事件主要是为了后面实现移动panel1。
2.实现订阅的三个Mouse事件所对应的方法,分别为鼠标按下、鼠标移动、鼠标松开,代码如下:
private bool startMove = false; //用于标记是否在移动中 void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; } } void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; startMove = false; this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left; } } void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { startMove = true; }
上述代码作用:按下鼠标标记为开始移动,然后移动鼠标,若是标记移动中,说明是要移动panel1,故直接将鼠标当前的X坐标位置累加到panel1.Left属性上,从而实现移动,当鼠标弹起后,则将树形菜单的宽度设置为panel1.Left,从而实现树形菜单随panel1的移动而改变大小。
同时为了保证panel1的高度始终与树形菜单相同,在父窗口的Resize方法加入动态调整panel1的高度,代码如下:
private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; }
到此就完成了整个的实现方案,为了便于模拟在树形菜单中双击打开子窗口的效果,同时也添加了如下代码:
private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { LoadMenuNodes(); } private void LoadMenuNodes() //实现情况应该是从数据库及用户权限来进行动态创建菜单项 { this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear(); var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root"); for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i); int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10); for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++) { section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n)); } } } private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e) { if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//当非父节点(即:实际的功能节点) { ShowChildForm<ChildForm>(); } }
附上完整的实现代码:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WinFormTest { public partial class ParentForm : Form { private bool startMove = false; public ParentForm() { InitializeComponent(); panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown; panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp; panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove; panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height; panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width; panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; } void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; } } void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (startMove) { panel1.Left += e.X; startMove = false; this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left; } } void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { startMove = true; } private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { LoadMenuNodes(); } private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e) { if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//当非父节点(即:实际的功能节点) { ShowChildForm<ChildForm>(); } } private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height; } private void LoadMenuNodes() //实现情况应该是从数据库及用户权限来进行动态创建菜单项 { this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear(); var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root"); for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i); int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10); for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++) { section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n)); } } } private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new() { Form childForm = new TForm(); childForm.MdiParent = this; childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString(); childForm.Text = childForm.Name; childForm.Show(); } } }
最终效果如下图示:
说明:我这里为了体现分割器,故将其背景色设为红色,便于大家观察,这种解决方案与之前的解决方案功能上是相同的,但有一点小小区别,之前的解决方案中子窗口的标题栏是在父窗口的容器内,而本文的解决方案中子窗口在最大化后,子窗口的标题栏会与父窗口合并,如下图示,至于大家用哪种依实际场景。
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