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Android编程实现闹钟的方法详解

时间：2022-02-21 10:56:51|栏目：Android代码|点击： 次

本文实例讲述了Android编程实现闹钟的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

在Android中，有一个闹钟的类，AlarmManager类，我们可以通过其来对系统内的通知进行操作！

本文用到了Service和Broadcast两个后台管理，在处理时，曾出现过很多问题，但经过半天的努力，终于解决了！

首先是Main.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  >
<TextView
  android:id="@+id/mText"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="@string/hello"
  />
  <Button
  android:id="@+id/setTimeButton"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="@string/setTimeButton"
  />
  <Button
  android:id="@+id/cancelButton"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="@string/cancelButton"
  />
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.Java:

package com.chiefcto.Alarm;
import java.text.Format;
import java.util.Calendar;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.TimePicker;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  //Properties
  private Button msetButton;
  private Button mcancelButton;
  private AlermReceiver uIReceiver;
  private TextView mTextView;
  //就用了Java的日历
  private Calendar calendar;
  /** Called when the activity is first created. */
  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);
    calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
    mTextView = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.mText);
    msetButton = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.setTimeButton);
    mcancelButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.cancelButton);
    msetButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
        int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
        int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
        new TimePickerDialog(MainActivity.this, new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {
          @Override
          public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
            calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
            //set(f, value) changes field f to value.
            calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hourOfDay);
            calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, minute);
            calendar.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
            calendar.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
            Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, AlermReceiver.class);
            intent.putExtra("music", true);
            PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
            AlarmManager am;
            //获取系统进程
            am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
            am.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, calendar.getTimeInMillis(), pendingIntent);
            //设置周期！！
            am.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, System.currentTimeMillis()+(10*1000), (24*60*60*1000), pendingIntent);
            String tmps = "设置闹钟时间为："+format(hourOfDay)+":"+format(minute);
            mTextView.setText(tmps);
          }
        },hour,minute,true).show();
      }
    });
    mcancelButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
      @Override
      public void onClick(View v) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, AlermReceiver.class);
        intent.putExtra("music", true);
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(MainActivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
        AlarmManager am;
        //获取系统进程
        am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
        //cancel
        am.cancel(pendingIntent);
        mTextView.setText("取消了！");
      }
    });
  }
  private String format(int x) {
    String s = ""+x;
    if(s.length() == 1)
      s = "0"+s;
    return s;
  }
}

AlarmService.java

package com.chiefcto.Alarm;
import java.io.IOException;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.RingtoneManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
public class AlarmService extends Service {
  // MediaPlayer实例
  private MediaPlayer player;
  // IBinder实例
  @Override
  public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    playMusic();
    return null;
  }
  @Override
  public void onCreate() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onCreate();
    playMusic();
  }
  @Override
  public void onDestroy() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onDestroy();
    if (player != null) {
      player.stop();
      player.release();
    }
  }
  @Override
  public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onStart(intent, startId);
     if (intent != null) {
        Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
        if (bundle != null) {
          if(bundle.getBoolean("music"))
            playMusic();
          else
            stopMusic();
        }
      }
  }
  public void playMusic() {
    if(player == null) {
      Uri uri = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_ALARM);
      try {
        player = new MediaPlayer();
        player.setDataSource(this, uri);
        final AudioManager audioManager = (AudioManager)this
            .getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
        if (audioManager.getStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM) != 0) {
          player.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM);
          player.setLooping(true);
          player.prepare();
        }
      } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
    if(!player.isPlaying()) {
      player.start();
    }
  }
  public void stopMusic() {
    if (player != null) {
      player.stop();
      try {
        // 在调用stop后如果需要再次通过start进行播放,需要之前调用prepare函数
        player.prepare();
      } catch (IOException ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

下面就是本文的关键性代码，了解Activity到Broadcast的机制，这小应用就很好实现了~

AlermReceiver.java

package com.chiefcto.Alarm;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Calendar;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.RingtoneManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class AlermReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
  private MediaPlayer mMediaPlayer;
  Context context;
  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
    calendar.setTimeInMillis(System.currentTimeMillis());
    int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
    CharSequence text = String.valueOf(minute);
    Toast.makeText(context, text, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    this.context = context;
    Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
    Intent serviceIntent = new Intent("chief_musicService");
    serviceIntent.putExtras(bundle);
    if(bundle != null) {
      Log.i("CTO", String.valueOf(bundle.getBoolean("music")));
      if(bundle.getBoolean("music"))
        context.startService(serviceIntent);
      else
        context.stopService(serviceIntent);
    }
    //在这里是播放不了的！！
    //playAlarmRing();
  }
  private void playAlarmRing() {
    Uri uri = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_ALARM);
    try {
      mMediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
      mMediaPlayer.setDataSource(context, uri);
      final AudioManager audioManager = (AudioManager) context
          .getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
      if (audioManager.getStreamVolume(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM) != 0) {
        mMediaPlayer.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM);
        mMediaPlayer.setLooping(true);
        mMediaPlayer.prepare();
      }
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    mMediaPlayer.start();
  }
  private void StopAlarmRing() {
    mMediaPlayer.stop();
  }
}

要注意的是Mainifest.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   package="com.chiefcto.Alarm"
   android:versionCode="1"
   android:versionName="1.0">
  <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />
  <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
    <activity android:name=".MainActivity"
         android:label="@string/app_name">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
      </intent-filter>
    </activity>
    <service android:name=".AlarmService">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="chief_musicService"/>
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
      </intent-filter>
    </service>
    <receiver android:name=".AlermReceiver" android:process=":remote"/>
  </application>
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
</manifest>

注：在模拟器中是运行不了的~

PS：关于AndroidManifest.xml文件相关属性功能可参考本站在线工具：

Android Manifest功能与权限描述大全：
http://tools.jb51.net/table/AndroidManifest

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