PHP下用Swoole实现Actor并发模型的方法
什么是Actor？
Actor对于PHPer来说，可能会比较陌生，写过Java的同学会比较熟悉，Java一直都有线程的概念（虽然PHP有Pthread,但不普及）,它是一种非共享内存的并发模型，每个Actor内的数据独立存在，Actor之间通过消息传递的形式进行交互调度，且Actor是一种高度抽象化的编程模型，非常适合于游戏、硬件行业。
Swoole协程与信箱
得益于Swoole4.x，我们可以基于Swoole的协程与Channel快速实现一个信箱模式调度。模拟代码如下：
use Swoole\Coroutine\Channel;
go(function (){
//创建十个信箱通道
$mailBoxes = [];
for ($i = 1;$i <= 10;$i++){
$mailBoxes[$i] = new Channel(16);
}
//模拟master 邮局调度,随机像一个信箱投递消息
go(function ()use($mailBoxes){
while (1){
\co::sleep(2);
$key = rand(1,10);
($mailBoxes[$key])->push(time());
}
});
//模拟actor 实体消费
for ($i = 1;$i <= 10;$i++){
go(function ()use($mailBoxes,$i){
while (1){
$msg = ($mailBoxes[$i])->pop();
echo "Actor {$i} recv msg : {$msg} \n";
}
});
}
});
以上代码执行输出：
php test.php
Actor 8 recv msg : 1559622691
Actor 10 recv msg : 1559622693
Actor 1 recv msg : 1559622695
Actor 5 recv msg : 1559622697
协程通道每次在POP遇到无数据的时候，都会自动让出执行权（具体可以去看Swoole协程调度）
Actor库
基于上面的原理，我们实行了一个多进程分布的协程Actor库
composer require easyswoole/actor=2.x-dev
我们依赖dev库进行测试，生产可以自己依赖stable版本
进程关系
Easyswoole的Actor模型中，存在两组进程，一组是proxy进程，用来实现Actor对外服务，一组是worker进程，proxy进程与worker进程之间通过unixsock进行通讯，而Actor实例就均匀的分布worker之中。
样例代码
比如在一个聊天室中，我们可以定义一个房间模型。
namespace EasySwoole\Actor\Test;
use EasySwoole\Actor\AbstractActor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\ActorConfig;
class RoomActor extends AbstractActor
{
public static function configure(ActorConfig $actorConfig)
{
$actorConfig->setActorName('Room');
}
public function onStart()
{
//每当一个RoomActor实体被创建的时候，都会执行该回调
var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' start');
}
public function onMessage($msg)
{
//每当一个RoomActor实体收到外部消息的时候，都会执行该回调当
var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' onmessage: '.$msg);
return 'reply at '.time();
}
public function onExit($arg)
{
//每当一个RoomActor实体退出的时候，都会执行该回调
var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' exit at arg: '.$arg);
return 'exit at '.time();
}
protected function onException(\Throwable $throwable)
{
//每当一个RoomActor出现异常的时候，都会执行该回调
var_dump($throwable->getMessage());
}
}
在cli模式下创建一个Actor服务
use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\ProxyProcess;
Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class);
$list = Actor::getInstance()->generateProcess();
foreach ($list['proxy'] as $proxy){
/** @var ProxyProcess $proxy */
$proxy->getProcess()->start();
}
foreach ($list['worker'] as $actors){
foreach ($actors as $actorProcess){
/** @var ProxyProcess $actorProcess */
$actorProcess->getProcess()->start();
}
}
while($ret = \Swoole\Process::wait()) {
echo "PID={$ret['pid']}\n";
}
创建一个cli测试脚本
use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor;
use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor;
Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class);
go(function (){
$actorId = RoomActor::client()->create('create arg1');
var_dump($actorId);
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->send($actorId,'this is msg'));
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exit($actorId,'this is exit arg'));
\co::sleep(3);
RoomActor::client()->create('create arg2');
\co::sleep(3);
RoomActor::client()->create('create arg3');
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->sendAll('sendAll msg'));
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->status());
\co::sleep(3);
var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exitAll('sendAll exit'));
});
以上代码执行结果如下：
服务端
php test.php string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 start" string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 onmessage: this is msg" string(64) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 exit at arg: this is exit arg" string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 start" string(40) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 start" string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 onmessage: sendAll msg" string(57) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 onmessage: sendAll msg" string(60) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 exit at arg: sendAll exit" string(60) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 exit at arg: sendAll exit"
客户端
php test2.php
string(23) "00101000000000000000001"
string(19) "reply at 1559623925"
string(18) "exit at 1559623928"
bool(true)
array(3) {
[1]=>
int(1)
[2]=>
int(0)
[3]=>
int(1)
}
bool(true)
更多细节可以在EasySwoole项目官网得到文档支持 http://easyswoole.com/
喜欢EasySwoole项目的，可以给个star https://github.com/easy-swoole/easyswoole
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