Vue和Bootstrap的整合思路详解

时间：2021-08-13 07:34:59|栏目：vue|点击：次

ldlood同学推荐 element ui(饿了么基于vue出品)也不错, github地址:https://github.com/ElemeFE/element. 大家也可以关注一下

我是一个刚刚接触前端开发的新手，所以有必要记录如何将Bootstrap和Vue进行整合。如果你是老手，请直接绕道而过。作为一个新手，里面的步骤，过程或者专业术语未必正确，如果你发现哪里错误了，请发邮件至ztao8607@gmail.com

Vue官方不建议新手直接使用vue-cli，但我不这么看。先使用cli跳过繁琐的环境配置，直接看到demo效果能增强点自信心。如果上手就被一大堆的环境配置搞乱了心情，那才是得不偿失呢。恩. 至少我是这么认为的。

使用vue-cli

如果是使用国内网络安装，官方建议使用淘宝或者cnpmjs的镜像。我感觉淘宝的镜像速度不如cnpmjs的快，因为我使用的cnpmjs镜像。

npm --registry http://r.cnpmjs.org install --global vue-cli //安装vue-cli
vue init webpack <project name> //创建项目，一般情况使用默认配置就可以
cd <project name>
npm --registry http://r.cnpmjs.org install //安装package
npm run dev

正常的话，你应该能看到一个vue的初始化页面。

整合bootstrap

你可以选择下载bootstrap zip包，然后将包里面的内容放到工程的static目录中。也可以选择使用bootstrap cdn资源，我建议使用cdn资源。

1.修改index.html页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>testproject</title>
  <!-- 将bootstrap cdn url放到这里 -->
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" rel="external nofollow" integrity="sha384-rHyoN1iRsVXV4nD0JutlnGaslCJuC7uwjduW9SVrLvRYooPp2bWYgmgJQIXwl/Sp" crossorigin="anonymous">
</head>
<body>
  <div id="app"></div>
  <!-- built files will be auto injected -->
</body>
</html>

你可以访问bootstrap官方网站获取到最新的cdn资源地址。

2.创建布局

我们创建一个使用bootstrap 栅格布局的例子。在src/components目录中创建一个Root.vue文件。在Root.vue文件中，我们先编辑template，创建一个container，然后放入一些导航栏。

里面布局代码来自于bootstrap官方提供的demo

<template>
 <div id="root">
  <div class="container">
    <div class="masthead">
      <h3 class="text-muted">Look for it!</h3>
      <nav>
      <ul class="nav nav-justified">
        <li class="active"><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Projects</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Services</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Downloads</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >About</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Contact</a></li>
      </ul>
      </nav>
    </div>
  </div>
  <mfooter></mfooter>
 </div>
</template>

添加script代码

<script>
export default {
 name: 'root'
}
</script>

添加css样式

因为是从bootstrap拷贝的css样式，所以直接将css拷贝过来。

<style>
body {
 padding-top: 20px;
}
.footer {
 padding-top: 40px;
 padding-bottom: 40px;
 margin-top: 40px;
 border-top: 1px solid #eee;
}
/* Main marketing message and sign up button */
.jumbotron {
 text-align: center;
 background-color: transparent;
}
.jumbotron .btn {
 padding: 14px 24px;
 font-size: 21px;
}
/* Customize the nav-justified links to be fill the entire space of the .navbar */
.nav-justified {
 background-color: #eee;
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 border-radius: 5px;
}
.nav-justified > li > a {
 padding-top: 15px;
 padding-bottom: 15px;
 margin-bottom: 0;
 font-weight: bold;
 color: #777;
 text-align: center;
 background-color: #e5e5e5; /* Old browsers */
 background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#f5f5f5), to(#e5e5e5));
 background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5 0%, #e5e5e5 100%);
 background-image:   -o-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5 0%, #e5e5e5 100%);
 background-image:     linear-gradient(to bottom, #f5f5f5 0%,#e5e5e5 100%);
 filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#f5f5f5', endColorstr='#e5e5e5',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
 background-repeat: repeat-x; /* Repeat the gradient */
 border-bottom: 1px solid #d5d5d5;
}
.nav-justified > .active > a,
.nav-justified > .active > a:hover,
.nav-justified > .active > a:focus {
 background-color: #ddd;
 background-image: none;
 -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 3px 7px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
     box-shadow: inset 0 3px 7px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
}
.nav-justified > li:first-child > a {
 border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0;
}
.nav-justified > li:last-child > a {
 border-bottom: 0;
 border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
 .nav-justified {
  max-height: 52px;
 }
 .nav-justified > li > a {
  border-right: 1px solid #d5d5d5;
  border-left: 1px solid #fff;
 }
 .nav-justified > li:first-child > a {
  border-left: 0;
  border-radius: 5px 0 0 5px;
 }
 .nav-justified > li:last-child > a {
  border-right: 0;
  border-radius: 0 5px 5px 0;
 }
}
/* Responsive: Portrait tablets and up */
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
 /* Remove the padding we set earlier */
 .masthead,
 .marketing,
 .footer {
  padding-right: 0;
  padding-left: 0;
 }
}
</style>

修改router

注释原先的Hello模块，使用刚才添加的Root模块

import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import Root from '@/components/Root'
Vue.use(Router)
export default new Router({
 routes: [
  {
   path: '/',
   name: 'Header',
   component: Root
  }
 ]
})

完整的Root.vue代码如下:

<template>
 <div id="root">
  <div class="container">
    <div class="masthead">
      <h3 class="text-muted">Look for it!</h3>
      <nav>
      <ul class="nav nav-justified">
        <li class="active"><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Projects</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Services</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Downloads</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >About</a></li>
        <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Contact</a></li>
      </ul>
      </nav>
    </div>
  </div>
 </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
 name: 'root'
}
</script>
<style>
body {
 padding-top: 20px;
}
.footer {
 padding-top: 40px;
 padding-bottom: 40px;
 margin-top: 40px;
 border-top: 1px solid #eee;
}
/* Main marketing message and sign up button */
.jumbotron {
 text-align: center;
 background-color: transparent;
}
.jumbotron .btn {
 padding: 14px 24px;
 font-size: 21px;
}
/* Customize the nav-justified links to be fill the entire space of the .navbar */
.nav-justified {
 background-color: #eee;
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 border-radius: 5px;
}
.nav-justified > li > a {
 padding-top: 15px;
 padding-bottom: 15px;
 margin-bottom: 0;
 font-weight: bold;
 color: #777;
 text-align: center;
 background-color: #e5e5e5; /* Old browsers */
 background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#f5f5f5), to(#e5e5e5));
 background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5 0%, #e5e5e5 100%);
 background-image:   -o-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5 0%, #e5e5e5 100%);
 background-image:     linear-gradient(to bottom, #f5f5f5 0%,#e5e5e5 100%);
 filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#f5f5f5', endColorstr='#e5e5e5',GradientType=0 ); /* IE6-9 */
 background-repeat: repeat-x; /* Repeat the gradient */
 border-bottom: 1px solid #d5d5d5;
}
.nav-justified > .active > a,
.nav-justified > .active > a:hover,
.nav-justified > .active > a:focus {
 background-color: #ddd;
 background-image: none;
 -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 3px 7px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
     box-shadow: inset 0 3px 7px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
}
.nav-justified > li:first-child > a {
 border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0;
}
.nav-justified > li:last-child > a {
 border-bottom: 0;
 border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) {
 .nav-justified {
  max-height: 52px;
 }
 .nav-justified > li > a {
  border-right: 1px solid #d5d5d5;
  border-left: 1px solid #fff;
 }
 .nav-justified > li:first-child > a {
  border-left: 0;
  border-radius: 5px 0 0 5px;
 }
 .nav-justified > li:last-child > a {
  border-right: 0;
  border-radius: 0 5px 5px 0;
 }
}
/* Responsive: Portrait tablets and up */
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
 /* Remove the padding we set earlier */
 .masthead,
 .marketing,
 .footer {
  padding-right: 0;
  padding-left: 0;
 }
}
</style>

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