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SQLite Java

来源：网络整理    注：由于水平有限，欢迎指正。转载请务必注明出处。

安装

在我们开始之前，我们需要在Java程序中使用SQLite，以确保我们有SQLite的JDBC驱动程序和Java的机器上。可以查看如何在机器上安装Java的教程。现在，让我们来检查一下如何设置SQLite的JDBC驱动程序。

  • 下载 sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar 的最新版本： sqlite-jdbc .

  • 添加下载的jar文件sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar 在类路径中，可以用带 - classpath选项，如下面例子。 

以下章节假定你对Java JDBC概念所知不多。如果你不这样做，那么就建议花了半个小时学习JDBC教程，以便能比较好的理解以下概念和解释。

连接到数据库

继Java程序显示了如何连接到一个现有的数据库。如果数据库不存在，那么它就会被创建，终于将返回一个数据库对象。 

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
  }
}

现在，让我们来编译和运行上面的程序在当前目录中创建我们的数据库test.db。按要求，可以改变路径。我们假设目前版本的JDBC驱动程序sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar 可在当前路径 

$javac SQLiteJDBC.java
$java -classpath ".:sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC
Open database successfully

如果使用Windows机器上，那么就可以编译和运行代码如下： 

$javac SQLiteJDBC.java
$java -classpath ".;sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC
Opened database successfully

创建表

下面的Java程序将被用于先前创建的数据库中创建一个表： 

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "CREATE TABLE COMPANY " +
                   "(ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL," +
                   " NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL, " + 
                   " AGE            INT     NOT NULL, " + 
                   " ADDRESS        CHAR(50), " + 
                   " SALARY         REAL)"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Table created successfully");
  }
}

上述程序编译和执行时，它会创建test.db的文件和最终列出COMPANY表将如下： 

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3201128 Jan 22 19:04 sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    1506 May  8 05:43 SQLiteJDBC.class
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     832 May  8 05:42 SQLiteJDBC.java
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    3072 May  8 05:43 test.db

INSERT 操作

下面的Java程序，显示我们如何能够创造我们的COMPANY在上面的例子中创建表中的记录： 

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
                   "VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      stmt.close();
      c.commit();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Records created successfully");
  }
}

上述程序编译和执行时，它会创建COMPANY表中的记录，并会显示以下两行： 

Opened database successfully
Records created successfully

SELECT 操作

下面的Java程序，表明我们如何能够获取并显示COMPANY表 在上面的例子中创建表的记录： 

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序编译和执行时，它会产生以下结果： 

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

UPDATE 操作

下面的Java代码显示了如何我们可以使用UPDATE语句来更新任何记录，然后获取并显示更新的记录，从COMPANY 表： 

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;";
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      c.commit();

      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序编译和执行时，它会产生以下结果： 

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000.0

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

DELETE 操作

下面的Java代码，表明我们如何能够使用DELETE语句删除任何记录，然后获取并显示COMPANY表剩余的记录： 

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;";
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      c.commit();

      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序编译和执行时，它会产生以下结果： 

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

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