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JavaMail API 发送带有附件的电子邮件

下面是一个例子从你的机器上选择附件发送电子邮件。放置到 /home/manisha/ 在本地机器上的 file.txt文件。在这里,我们使用JangoSMPT服务器通过该电子邮件被发送到我们的目标电子邮件地址。 

要发送电子邮件,其中包含一个内嵌的图像,遵循的步骤是:

  • 获得一个会话 Session

  • 创建一个默认  MimeMessage 对象,并设置发件人,收件人,主题(From, To, Subject)在消息中。

  • 实际的消息如下:

    messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");
  • 创建一个MimeMultipart的对象。添加上述messageBodyPart与实际的消息在其设置,这个多重对象。

  • 接下来创建一个DataHandler的如下添加附件:

    messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
    String filename = "/home/manisha/file.txt";
    DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
    messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
    messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
    multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

  • 接下来设置多重如下消息中:

    message.setContent(multipart);
  • 发送使用传输对象的消息。

创建Java类

创建一个Java类文件SendAttachmentInEmail,其内容如下:

package com.codeinn;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class SendAttachmentInEmail {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
      String to = "destinationemail@gmail.com";

      // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
      String from = "fromemail@gmail.com";

      final String username = "manishaspatil";//change accordingly
      final String password = "******";//change accordingly

      // Assuming you are sending email through relay.jangosmtp.net
      String host = "relay.jangosmtp.net";

      Properties props = new Properties();
      props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
      props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
      props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
      props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");

      // Get the Session object.
      Session session = Session.getInstance(props,
         new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
               return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
            }
         });

      try {
         // Create a default MimeMessage object.
         Message message = new MimeMessage(session);

         // Set From: header field of the header.
         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

         // Set To: header field of the header.
         message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,
            InternetAddress.parse(to));

         // Set Subject: header field
         message.setSubject("Testing Subject");

         // Create the message part
         BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();

         // Now set the actual message
         messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");

         // Create a multipar message
         Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

         // Set text message part
         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

         // Part two is attachment
         messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
         String filename = "/home/manisha/file.txt";
         DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
         messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
         messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

         // Send the complete message parts
         message.setContent(multipart);

         // Send message
         Transport.send(message);

         System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
  
      } catch (MessagingException e) {
         throw new RuntimeException(e);
      }
   }
}

由于我们使用的是由主机提供商JangoSMTP提供的SMTP服务器,我们需要验证用户名和密码。javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication类用于验证的密码。

编译并运行

现在,我们班是准备好了,让我们编译上面的类。我已经保存了类SendAttachmentInEmail.java到目录:/home/manisha/JavaMailAPIExercise.我们需要的jar文件:javax.mail.jar和activation.jar文件在classpath。执行下面的命令从命令提示符编译类(两个jar被放置在/home/manisha/ 目录下): 

javac -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: SendAttachmentInEmail.java

现在,这个类被编译,执行下面的命令来运行:

java -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: SendAttachmentInEmail

验证输出

你应该看到下面的消息命令控制台上:

Sent message successfully....

因为我通过JangoSMTP发送邮件到我的Gmail地址,下面的邮件会在我的Gmail帐户的收件箱中接收:

JavaMail API Send Email With Attachment