搭建简易蓝牙定位系统的实现方法

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

public class IBeaconRecord {
	public String address;	// 设备地址（Mac）
	public String uuid;		// Proximity UUID
	public int major;		// Major
	public int minor;		// Minor
	public int rssi;		// 场强
}

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.example.vo.IBeaconRecord;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Handler;

public class BLEPositioning {

	private Context m_ctx;
	private Handler handler;
	
	private BluetoothManager bluetoothManager;
	private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
	
	// 存储蓝牙扫描结果，key - name_address, value - List<IBeaconRecord>
	private Map<String, List<IBeaconRecord>> mapBltScanResult;

	public BLEPositioning(Context ctx) {
		super();
		this.m_ctx = ctx;
		initParam();
	}

	/**
	 * 初始化
	 */
	private void initParam() {
		handler = new Handler();

		mapBltScanResult = new HashMap<String, List<IBeaconRecord>>();
		// 设备SDK版本大于17（Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1）才支持BLE 4.0
		if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
			bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) this.m_ctx
					.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
			mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 开始扫描蓝牙设备
	 */
	public void startScan()
	{
		mapBltScanResult.clear();
		
		if (mBluetoothAdapter != null && mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
			// 5秒后停止扫描，毕竟扫描蓝牙设备比较费电，根据定位及时性自行调整该值
			handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
				@Override
				public void run() {
					mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(bltScanCallback);
				}
			}, 5 * 1000);
			mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(bltScanCallback);	// 开始扫描
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 请求定位服务，由你们完成，
	 * 如果指纹数据在本地，定位算法就在当前App里完成
	 */
	public void requestServer()
	{
		// TODO 
		// 利用mapBltScanResult（蓝牙扫描结果）请求定位服务或本地计算定位
	}
	
	/**
	 * 蓝牙扫描回调，获取扫描获得的蓝牙设备信息
	 */
	private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback bltScanCallback = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
		@Override
		public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, int rssi,
				byte[] scanRecord) {
			/**
			 * 参数列表描述
			 * 1.device	- BluetoothDevice类对象，
			 * 		通过该对象可以得到硬件地址（比如"00:11:22:AA:BB:CC"）、设备名称等信息
			 * 2.rssi - 蓝牙设备场强值，小于0的int值
			 * 3.scanRecord - 这里内容比较丰富，像UUID、Major、Minor都在这里
			 */
			IBeaconRecord record = new IBeaconRecord();
			if (fromScanData(scanRecord, record)) {
				String address = device.getAddress();	// 获取Mac地址
				String name = device.getName();			// 获取设备名称
				String key = name + "_" + address;

				record.address = address;	// Mac地址
				record.rssi = rssi;		// 场强
				if (mapBltScanResult.containsKey(key)) {
					mapBltScanResult.get(key).add(record);
				} else {
					ArrayList<IBeaconRecord> list = new ArrayList<IBeaconRecord>();
					list.add(record);
					mapBltScanResult.put(key, list);
				}
			}
		}
	};
	
	/**
	 * 解析蓝牙信息数据流
	 * 	注：该段代码是从网上看到的，来源不详
	 * @param scanData
	 * @param record
	 * @return
	 */
	private boolean fromScanData(byte[] scanData, IBeaconRecord record) {

		int startByte = 2;
		boolean patternFound = false;
		while (startByte <= 5) {
			if (((int) scanData[startByte + 2] & 0xff) == 0x02
					&& ((int) scanData[startByte + 3] & 0xff) == 0x15) {
				// yes! This is an iBeacon
				patternFound = true;
				break;
			} else if (((int) scanData[startByte] & 0xff) == 0x2d
					&& ((int) scanData[startByte + 1] & 0xff) == 0x24
					&& ((int) scanData[startByte + 2] & 0xff) == 0xbf
					&& ((int) scanData[startByte + 3] & 0xff) == 0x16) {

				return false;
			} else if (((int) scanData[startByte] & 0xff) == 0xad
					&& ((int) scanData[startByte + 1] & 0xff) == 0x77
					&& ((int) scanData[startByte + 2] & 0xff) == 0x00
					&& ((int) scanData[startByte + 3] & 0xff) == 0xc6) {

				return false;
			}
			startByte++;
		}

		if (patternFound == false) {
			// This is not an iBeacon

			return false;
		}

		// 获得Major属性
		record.major = (scanData[startByte + 20] & 0xff) * 0x100
				+ (scanData[startByte + 21] & 0xff);
		
		// 获得Minor属性
		record.minor = (scanData[startByte + 22] & 0xff) * 0x100
				+ (scanData[startByte + 23] & 0xff);
		// record.tx_power = (int) scanData[startByte + 24]; // this one is
		// signed
		// record.accuracy = calculateAccuracy(record.tx_power, record.rssi);
		// if (record.accuracy < 0) {
		// return false;
		// }
		try {

			byte[] proximityUuidBytes = new byte[16];
			System.arraycopy(scanData, startByte + 4, proximityUuidBytes, 0, 16);
			String hexString = bytesToHex(proximityUuidBytes);
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			sb.append(hexString.substring(0, 8));
			sb.append("-");
			sb.append(hexString.substring(8, 12));
			sb.append("-");
			sb.append(hexString.substring(12, 16));
			sb.append("-");
			sb.append(hexString.substring(16, 20));
			sb.append("-");
			sb.append(hexString.substring(20, 32));
			// beacon.put("proximity_uuid", sb.toString());
			// 获得UUID属性
			record.uuid = sb.toString();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return true;
	}
	
	private char[] hexArray = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8',
			'9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };

	private String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
		char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
		int v;
		for (int j = 0; j < bytes.length; j++) {
			v = bytes[j] & 0xFF;
			hexChars[j * 2] = hexArray[v >>> 4];
			hexChars[j * 2 + 1] = hexArray[v & 0x0F];
		}
		return new String(hexChars);
	}
}

/*
   File: APLDefaults.h
 Abstract: Contains default values for the application.
 
 Version: 1.1
 
 Copyright (C) 2014 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 
 */


extern NSString *BeaconIdentifier;


@interface APLDefaults : NSObject

+ (APLDefaults *)sharedDefaults;

@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSArray *supportedProximityUUIDs;

@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSUUID *defaultProximityUUID;
@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSNumber *defaultPower;

@end

/*
   File: APLDefaults.m
 Abstract: Contains default values for the application.
 
 Version: 1.1
 
 Copyright (C) 2014 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 
 */

#import "APLDefaults.h"


NSString *BeaconIdentifier = @"com.example.apple-samplecode.AirLocate";


@implementation APLDefaults

- (id)init
{
  self = [super init];
  if(self)
  {
    // uuidgen should be used to generate UUIDs.
    _supportedProximityUUIDs = @[[[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:@"E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0"],
                   [[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:@"5A4BCFCE-174E-4BAC-A814-092E77F6B7E5"],
                   [[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:@"74278BDA-B644-4520-8F0C-720EAF059935"]];
    _defaultPower = @-59;
  }
  
  return self;
}


+ (APLDefaults *)sharedDefaults
{
  static id sharedDefaults = nil;
  static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
  dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
    sharedDefaults = [[self alloc] init];
  });
  
  return sharedDefaults;
}


- (NSUUID *)defaultProximityUUID
{
  return _supportedProximityUUIDs[0];
}


@end

  // 存储扫描获得的蓝牙设备信息
  // key - proximityUUID_Major_Minor
  // value - NSArray (CLBeacon)
  NSMutableDictionary *dicBeacons;
  
  CLLocationManager *locationManager;
  NSMutableDictionary *rangedRegions;   // 要扫描的region
  
  NSTimer *timerPos; // 定时器，用于控制扫描时间长短

  dicBeacons = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
  
  locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
  locationManager.delegate = self; // 当前类接收回调，从而获得蓝牙设备信息
  
  // Populate the regions we will range once.
  rangedRegions = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
  
  for (NSUUID *uuid in [APLDefaults sharedDefaults].supportedProximityUUIDs)
  {
    CLBeaconRegion *region = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithProximityUUID:uuid identifier:[uuid UUIDString]];
    rangedRegions[region] = [NSArray array];
  }

// 开始扫描蓝牙
- (void)startScanning
{
  // 定时3.0秒后请求定位服务，时间间隔自行设置，只要有足够的扫描时间即可
  timerPos = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:3.0 target:self selector:@selector(startPositioning) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
  
  [dicBeacons removeAllObjects];
  // 开始扫描
  for (CLBeaconRegion *region in rangedRegions)
  {
    [locationManager startRangingBeaconsInRegion:region];
  }
}

// 停止扫描蓝牙
- (void)stopScanning
{
  // 停止扫描
  for (CLBeaconRegion *region in rangedRegions)
  {
    [locationManager stopRangingBeaconsInRegion:region];
  }
}

// 请求定位服务
- (void)startPositioning
{
  [self stopScanning];  // 停止扫描
  
  // 以下根据扫描结果dicBeacons来请求定位服务
  //
}

#pragma mark - Location manager delegate
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didRangeBeacons:(NSArray *)beacons inRegion:(CLBeaconRegion *)region
{
  /*
   CoreLocation will call this delegate method at 1 Hz with updated range information.
   Beacons will be categorized and displayed by proximity. A beacon can belong to multiple
   regions. It will be displayed multiple times if that is the case. If that is not desired,
   use a set instead of an array.
   */
  for (NSNumber *range in @[@(CLProximityUnknown), @(CLProximityImmediate), @(CLProximityNear), @(CLProximityFar)])
  {
    NSArray *proximityBeacons = [beacons filteredArrayUsingPredicate:[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"proximity = %d", [range intValue]]];
    
    for (int i = 0; i < [proximityBeacons count]; i++) {
      CLBeacon *beacon = [proximityBeacons objectAtIndex:i];
      // 场强过滤，RSSI值要在-90到0之间
      if (beacon.rssi < 0 && beacon.rssi > -90) {
        NSString *strKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@_%@_%@",[beacon.proximityUUID UUIDString], beacon.major, beacon.minor];
        if ([dicBeacons objectForKey:strKey]) {
          [[dicBeacons objectForKey:strKey] addObject:beacon];
        } else {
          NSMutableArray *arrBeacons = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
          [arrBeacons addObject:beacon];
          [dicBeacons setObject:arrBeacons forKey:strKey];
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

{
  "ble_arr” =   (
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 10006;
      rssi = "-65";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    },
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 10002;
      rssi = "-72";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    },
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 10005;
      rssi = "-49";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    },
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 10008;
      rssi = "-74";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    },
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 10001;
      rssi = "-65";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    },
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 10004;
      rssi = "-76";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    },
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 10007;
      rssi = "-66";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    },
        {
      major = 1001;
      minor = 17010;
      rssi = "-67";
      uuid = " E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0";
    }
  );
}