浅析Android中常见三种弹框在项目中的应用
时间：2020-12-27 16:05:21 | 栏目：Android代码 | 点击：次
一丶概述
弹框在Android项目中经常出现，常见的实现方法有三种：Dialog 弹框，Window弹框，Activity伪弹框。本文就说一说三种弹框的实现及在项目中的运用。
二丶演示图
图一为常见的三种弹框（文末上链接），图二为项目中用到的Activity伪弹框
三丶正文
1.Dialog弹框
先看一篇一篇文章：
android 8种对话框（Dialog）使用方法汇总
Dialog是系统自带的弹框，然而常常因为UI不好看而遭嫌弃，常需要自定义
public class MyDialog extends Dialog implements android.view.View.OnClickListener {
private Context mContext;
private String mTitle;
private String mDetail;
private TextView mTextTitle;
private TextView mTextDetail;
private TextView mButtonYes;
private TextView mButtonNo;
private onClickInterface mOnclClickInterface;
public MyDialog(Context context, String title, String detail) {
super(context, R.style.MyDialogStyle);
this.mContext = context;
this.mTitle = title;
this.mDetail = detail;
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout_dialog, null);
setContentView(view);
mButtonYes = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_yes);
mButtonNo = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_no);
mTextTitle = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_title);
mTextDetail = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.dialog_detail);
mTextTitle.setText(mTitle);
mTextDetail.setText(mDetail);
mButtonYes.setOnClickListener(this);
mButtonNo.setOnClickListener(this);
}
public interface onClickInterface {
public void clickYes();
public void clickNo();
}
public void setOnClickInterface(onClickInterface onclClickInterface) {
this.mOnclClickInterface = onclClickInterface;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.dialog_yes:
mOnclClickInterface.clickYes();
break;
case R.id.dialog_no:
mOnclClickInterface.clickNo();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
这里就是：1.绑定布局 2.设置监听，监听接口
主要说一下布局里的stytle（悬浮在Activity上，模糊显示就是在这里控制）
<style name="MyDialogStyle"> <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item> <!--设置dialog的背景--> <item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item> <!--Dialog的windowFrame框为无--> <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> <!--是否有title--> <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item> <!--是否浮现在activity之上--> <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">false</item> <!--是否半透明--> <item name="android:windowContentOverlay">@null</item> <!--对话框是否有遮盖，这个不设置的话，可能会出现边框黑线--> <item name="android:windowAnimationStyle">@android:style/Animation.Dialog</item> <!--动画--> <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">true</item> <!-- 背景是否模糊显示--> </style>
Dialog弹框一般用于，网络数据加载显示，或交互较少的弹框（基本被新下拉刷新控件SwipeRefreshLayout替代）
2.Window弹框
public class MyWindow {
private Context mContext;
private WindowManager mwinWindowManager;
private View mView;
private static boolean isShow = false;
public MyWindow(Context context) {
mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
}
public void showMyWindow() {
if (isShow) {
return;
}
mwinWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
//设置WindowManager.LayoutParams的属性
WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
//类型
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;
//flags
//如果设置了WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE，弹出的View没焦点，收不到Back键的事件
//当按Back、Home键时，背景应用退出，弹出的view就可以悬浮在桌面了。
params.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM;
params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
params.width = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.height = LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER;
//初始化View
mView = initView(mContext);
//点击back键，关闭window
mView.setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {
@Override
public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
Log.d("wxx", "onKey");
switch (keyCode) {
case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK:
Log.d("wxx", "onKey BACK");
hideMyWindow();
return true;
default:
return false;
}
}
});
mwinWindowManager.addView(mView, params);
isShow = true;
}
private View initView(Context context) {
LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.layout_window, null);
Button btnYes = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.window_yes);
btnYes.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "Window yes!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
hideMyWindow();
}
});
Button btnNO = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.window_no);
btnNO.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(mContext, "Window No!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
hideMyWindow();
}
});
//点击window窗口外围，关闭window
final View wView = view.findViewById(R.id.view_layout);
view.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
int x = (int) event.getX();
int y = (int) event.getY();
Rect rect = new Rect();
wView.getGlobalVisibleRect(rect);
if (!rect.contains(x, y)) {
hideMyWindow();
}
return false;
}
});
return view;
}
public void hideMyWindow() {
if (isShow && mView != null) {
mwinWindowManager.removeView(mView);
isShow = false;
}
}
}
这个就厉害了，展现，隐藏，点击监听都是自己写的方法，原来点击窗口外关闭窗口是这样实现的，是不是又学到了
然后是关于：
android Window WindowManager 整理
主要用于自定义控件，比如说下拉框：
自定义spinner下拉框
3.Activity伪弹框
public class MyActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.layout_activity);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
this.finish();
return true;
}
public void YesButton(View v) {
this.finish();
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Yes, Hunman is Activity", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
public void NoButton(View v) {
this.finish();
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "No, Hunman is not Activity", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
简单得不能再简单，跳转跳转到另一个Activity
注意点Activity主题（控制Activity为弹框样式）：
<activity android:name="com.wuxianxi.hunman.smallwindows.MyActivity" android:theme="@style/MyActivityStyle" > </activity> <style name="MyActivityStyle"> <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item> <!--设置dialog的背景--> <item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item> <!--Dialog的windowFrame框为无--> <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> <!--是否有title--> <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item> <!--是否浮现在activity之上--> <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item> <!--是否半透明--> <item name="android:windowContentOverlay">@null</item> <!--对话框是否有遮盖，这个不设置的话，可能会出现边框黑线--> <item name="android:windowAnimationStyle">@android:style/Animation.Dialog</item> <!--动画--> <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">true</item> <!-- 背景是否模糊显示--> </style>
Activity伪弹框最常用，用于交互，操作较复杂的弹框，如图二
补充这里可通过方法控制Activity弹框宽比
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
/** 设置宽度为屏幕的0.9*/
WindowManager windowManager = getWindowManager();
/* 获取屏幕宽、高 */
Display display = windowManager.getDefaultDisplay();
/* 获取对话框当前的参数值 */
WindowManager.LayoutParams p = getWindow().getAttributes();
/* 宽度设置为屏幕的0.9 */
p.width = (int) (display.getWidth() * 0.9);
/* 设置透明度,0.0为完全透明，1.0为完全不透明 */
p.alpha = 0.95f;
/* 设置布局参数 */
getWindow().setAttributes(p);
// getWindow().setLayout(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
// ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
/* 设置点击弹框外部不可消失 */
setFinishOnTouchOutside(false);
}
最后贴上MainActivity
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements OnClickListener {
private Button btnWindow;
private Button btnDialog;
private Button btnActivity;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
btnWindow = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_window);
btnDialog = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_dialog);
btnActivity = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_activity);
btnWindow.setOnClickListener(this);
btnDialog.setOnClickListener(this);
btnActivity.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn_window:
MyWindow myWindow = new MyWindow(this);
myWindow.showMyWindow();
break;
case R.id.btn_dialog:
//注意下面第一个参数不能为getApplicationContext()，而应该是Activity, 因为办有activity才能添加窗口
final MyDialog dialog = new MyDialog(MainActivity.this, "Hunman - Dialog", "Hunman is a Dialog\nYes or No!");
dialog.show();
dialog.setOnClickInterface(new MyDialog.onClickInterface() {
@Override
public void clickYes() {
dialog.dismiss();
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Yes, Hunman is Dialog", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
@Override
public void clickNo() {
dialog.dismiss();
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Yes, Hunman is not Dialog", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
});
break;
case R.id.btn_activity:
Intent intent3 = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyActivity.class);
startActivity(intent3);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}