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Android自定义View实现数字密码锁

时间：2020-12-18 01:42:33 | 栏目：Android代码 | 点击：次

最近项目上用到一个密码加锁功能，需要一个数字密码界面，就想着封装成一个View来方便管理和使用。

废话不多说，先上最终效果图：

思路

整体可分为2个部分来实现，1.顶部是4个密码位的填充；2.数字键盘部分。整体可以是一个纵向LinearLayout，4个密码位用横向LinearLayout即可，键盘由于是宫格形式，因此可用GridLayout来布局。由于密码位和键盘数字都是以圆圈为背景，这里采用自定义一个圆形背景ImageView来使用。

实现

1.页面布局

首先定义一个圆形背景的ImageView，由于最终实现的效果是点击的时候要填充圆背景，非点击状态下是空心圆，因此可通过改变Paint的style来动态更改显示:

/** 
 * 圆形背景ImageView（设置实心或空心） 
 */ 
 public class CircleImageView extends ImageView{ 
 
   private Paint mPaint; 
   private int mWidth; 
   private int mHeight; 
 
   public CircleImageView(Context context) { 
     this(context, null); 
   } 
 
   public CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { 
     this(context, attrs, 0); 
   } 
 
   public CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { 
     super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); 
     initView(context); 
   } 
 
   public void initView(Context context){ 
     mPaint = new Paint(); 
     mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); 
     mPaint.setColor(mPanelColor); 
     mPaint.setStrokeWidth(mStrokeWidth); 
     mPaint.setAntiAlias(true); 
   } 
 
   @Override 
   protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) { 
     super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh); 
     mWidth = w; 
     mHeight = h; 
   } 
 
   @Override 
   public void draw(Canvas canvas) { 
     canvas.drawCircle(mWidth/2, mHeight/2, mWidth/2 - 6, mPaint); 
     super.draw(canvas); 
   } 
 
   /** 
   * 设置圆为实心状态 
   */ 
   public void setFillCircle(){ 
     mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL); 
     invalidate(); 
   } 
 
   /** 
   * 设置圆为空心状态 
   */ 
   public void setStrokeCircle(){ 
     mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); 
     invalidate(); 
   } 
 }

可以看到，在onDraw中绘制了一个圆，默认为空心状态，定义setFillCircle和setStrokeCircle这两个方法以便外界可以方便地切换圆为实心或者空心。

圆形ImageView定义好了，开始添加密码位，布局如下:

inputResultView = new LinearLayout(context); 
for(int i=0; i<4; i++){ 
   CircleImageView mResultItem = new CircleImageView(context); 
   mResultIvList.add(mResultItem); 
   LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(mResultIvRadius, mResultIvRadius); 
   params.leftMargin = dip2px(context, 4); 
   params.rightMargin = dip2px(context, 4); 
   mResultItem.setPadding(dip2px(context, 2),dip2px(context, 2),dip2px(context, 2),dip2px(context, 2)); 
   mResultItem.setLayoutParams(params); 
   inputResultView.addView(mResultItem); 
} 
LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); 
params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL; 
params.bottomMargin = dip2px(context, 34); 
inputResultView.setLayoutParams(params); 
addView(inputResultView);

接着添加数字键盘部分的布局:

GridLayout numContainer = new GridLayout(context); 
numContainer.setColumnCount(3); 
for(int i=0; i<numArr.length; i++){ 
  RelativeLayout numItem = new RelativeLayout(context); 
  numItem.setPadding(mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom,mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom); 
  RelativeLayout.LayoutParams gridItemParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(mNumRadius, mNumRadius); 
  gridItemParams.addRule(CENTER_IN_PARENT); 
  final TextView numTv = new TextView(context); 
  numTv.setText(numArr[i]); 
  numTv.setTextColor(mPanelColor); 
  numTv.setTextSize(30); 
  numTv.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER); 
  numTv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
  final CircleImageView numBgIv = new CircleImageView(context); 
  numBgIv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
  numItem.addView(numBgIv); 
  numItem.addView(numTv); 
  numContainer.addView(numItem); 
  if(i == 9){ 
    numItem.setVisibility(INVISIBLE); 
  } 
} 
 
//删除按钮 
RelativeLayout deleteItem = new RelativeLayout(context); 
deleteItem.setPadding(mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom,mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom); 
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams gridItemParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(mNumRadius, mNumRadius); 
gridItemParams.addRule(CENTER_IN_PARENT); 
//假如删除按钮是设置自定义图片资源的话，可用注释这段 
//ImageView deleteIv = new ImageView(context); 
//deleteIv.setImageResource(R.drawable.icn_delete_pw); 
//deleteIv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
//deleteItem.addView(deleteIv); 
TextView deleteTv = new TextView(context); 
deleteTv.setText("Delete"); 
deleteTv.setTextColor(mPanelColor); 
deleteTv.setTextSize(dip2px(context, 8)); 
deleteTv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
deleteTv.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER); 
deleteItem.addView(deleteTv); 
numContainer.addView(deleteItem); 
 
LinearLayout.LayoutParams gridParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); 
gridParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL; 
numContainer.setLayoutParams(gridParams); 
addView(numContainer);

数字键盘这里用一个数组存数字内容，遍历添加，注意此处由于第10个的子View的时候是空白的，所以当遍历到第10个元素的时候，可以将其隐藏。遍历完后再单独添加删除按钮。

2.输入逻辑

页面布局完成了，接下来就是密码输入的逻辑部分，最终的效果是每点击一次数字，密码位就填充一个，每点击删除按钮一次，密码位就回退一个，输入4个数字之后，即完成输入，获取结果，并重置密码位。这里用一个StringBuilder变量来记录当前已输入的密码，每次添加就append进去，每次删除就调用deleteCharAt。

由于点击数字按下的时候填充，松开的时候为空心状态，所以可以在ACTION_DOWN和ACTION_UP事件中分别操作:

numTv.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() { 
    @Override 
    public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { 
      switch (event.getAction()){ 
        case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: 
          numBgIv.setFillCircle(); 
          numTv.setTextColor(Color.WHITE); 
          if(mPassWord.length() < 4){ 
            mPassWord.append(numTv.getText()); 
            mResultIvList.get(mPassWord.length()-1).setFillCircle(); 
            if(mInputListener!=null && mPassWord.length() == 4){ 
              //已完整输入4个 
            } 
          } 
          break; 
        case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: 
          numBgIv.setStrokeCircle(); 
          numTv.setTextColor(mPanelColor); 
          break; 
      } 
      return true; 
    } 
 });

每次点击的时候，判断当前已输入的密码位是否已经超过4位，如果没超过，就继续追加。如果等于4，就说明输入完成，此时的mPassWord的内容就是最终的密码，可以用一个接口将其回调出去方便Activity中获取输入的密码：

/** 
 * 监听输入完毕的接口 
 */ 
private InputListener mInputListener; 
 
public void setInputListener(InputListener mInputListener) { 
  his.mInputListener = mInputListener; 
} 
 
public interface InputListener{ 
  void inputFinish(String result); 
}

然后在上面的ACTION_DOWN中输入数字等于4的时候，回调该接口：

if(mInputListener!=null && mPassWord.length() == 4){ 
   mInputListener.inputFinish(mPassWord.toString()); 
}

另外，删除的操作单独封装为一个方法：

/** 
 * 删除 
 */ 
public void delete(){ 
  if(mPassWord.length() == 0){ 
    return; 
  } 
  mResultIvList.get(mPassWord.length()-1).setStrokeCircle(); 
  mPassWord.deleteCharAt(mPassWord.length()-1); 
}

注意点：当前无输入密码时，直接return不作任何操作，假如已有输入数字，就删除最尾部的那个数字。

最后，还要考虑一种情况，即用户输入密码错误时的一些反馈，参照平时的习惯，一般是4个密码位左右摆动并且手机震动效果，震动结束之后，当前存储的密码位重置为初始状态，如下：

/** 
 * 输入错误的状态显示(包括震动，密码位左右摇摆效果，重置密码位) 
 */ 
public void showErrorStatus(){ 
  mVibrator.vibrate(new long[]{100,100,100,100},-1); 
  List<Animator> animators = new ArrayList<>(); 
  ObjectAnimator translationXAnim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(inputResultView, "translationX", -50.0f,50.0f,-50.0f,0.0f); 
  translationXAnim.setDuration(400); 
  animators.add(translationXAnim); 
  AnimatorSet btnSexAnimatorSet = new AnimatorSet(); 
  btnSexAnimatorSet.playTogether(animators); 
  btnSexAnimatorSet.start(); 
  btnSexAnimatorSet.addListener(new Animator.AnimatorListener() { 
    @Override 
    public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation) { 
 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) { 
      resetResult(); 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation) { 
 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animation) { 
 
    } 
  }); 
}

可以看到，在onAnimationEnd中调用了resetResult，即动画结束时重置密码，resetResult方法如下：

/** 
 * 重置密码输入 
 */ 
public void resetResult(){ 
  for(int i=0; i<mResultIvList.size(); i++){ 
    mResultIvList.get(i).setStrokeCircle(); 
  } 
  mPassWord.delete(0, 4); 
}

遍历所有密码位View设置为空心，并且删除当前mPassWord变量存储的所有内容。

完整代码

完整的自定义数字密码锁代码如下：

package com.example.zjyang.viewtest.view; 
 
import android.animation.Animator; 
import android.animation.AnimatorSet; 
import android.animation.ObjectAnimator; 
import android.app.Service; 
import android.content.Context; 
import android.graphics.Canvas; 
import android.graphics.Color; 
import android.graphics.Paint; 
import android.os.Vibrator; 
import android.util.AttributeSet; 
import android.util.DisplayMetrics; 
import android.view.Gravity; 
import android.view.MotionEvent; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.ViewGroup; 
import android.widget.GridLayout; 
import android.widget.ImageView; 
import android.widget.LinearLayout; 
import android.widget.RelativeLayout; 
import android.widget.TextView; 
 
import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.List; 
 
import static android.widget.RelativeLayout.CENTER_HORIZONTAL; 
import static android.widget.RelativeLayout.CENTER_IN_PARENT; 
 
/** 
 * Created by IT_ZJYANG on 2018/1/22. 
 * 数字解锁键盘View 
 */ 
 
public class NumLockPanel extends LinearLayout { 
 
  private String[] numArr = new String[]{"1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9", "", "0"}; 
 
  private int mPaddingLeftRight; 
  private int mPaddingTopBottom; 
  //4个密码位ImageView 
  private ArrayList<CircleImageView> mResultIvList; 
 
  private LinearLayout inputResultView; 
  //存储当前输入内容 
  private StringBuilder mPassWord; 
  //振动效果 
  private Vibrator mVibrator; 
  //整个键盘的颜色 
  private int mPanelColor; 
  //4个密码位的宽度 
  private int mResultIvRadius; 
  //数字键盘的每个圆的宽度 
  private int mNumRadius; 
  //每个圆的边界宽度 
  private int mStrokeWidth; 
 
  public NumLockPanel(Context context) { 
    this(context, null); 
  } 
 
  public NumLockPanel(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { 
    this(context, attrs, 0); 
  } 
 
  public NumLockPanel(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { 
    super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); 
    mPaddingLeftRight = dip2px(context, 21); 
    mPaddingTopBottom = dip2px(context, 10); 
    mPanelColor = Color.BLACK; //颜色代码可采用Color.parse("#000000"); 
    mResultIvRadius = dip2px(context, 20); 
    mNumRadius = dip2px(context, 66); 
    mStrokeWidth = dip2px(context, 2); 
    mVibrator = (Vibrator)context.getSystemService(Service.VIBRATOR_SERVICE); 
    mResultIvList = new ArrayList<>(); 
    mPassWord = new StringBuilder(); 
    setOrientation(VERTICAL); 
    setGravity(CENTER_HORIZONTAL); 
    initView(context); 
  } 
 
  public void initView(Context context){ 
    //4个结果号码 
    inputResultView = new LinearLayout(context); 
    for(int i=0; i<4; i++){ 
      CircleImageView mResultItem = new CircleImageView(context); 
      mResultIvList.add(mResultItem); 
      LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(mResultIvRadius, mResultIvRadius); 
      params.leftMargin = dip2px(context, 4); 
      params.rightMargin = dip2px(context, 4); 
      mResultItem.setPadding(dip2px(context, 2),dip2px(context, 2),dip2px(context, 2),dip2px(context, 2)); 
      mResultItem.setLayoutParams(params); 
      inputResultView.addView(mResultItem); 
    } 
    LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); 
    params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL; 
    params.bottomMargin = dip2px(context, 34); 
    inputResultView.setLayoutParams(params); 
    addView(inputResultView); 
 
    //数字键盘 
    GridLayout numContainer = new GridLayout(context); 
    numContainer.setColumnCount(3); 
    for(int i=0; i<numArr.length; i++){ 
      RelativeLayout numItem = new RelativeLayout(context); 
      numItem.setPadding(mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom,mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom); 
      RelativeLayout.LayoutParams gridItemParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(mNumRadius, mNumRadius); 
      gridItemParams.addRule(CENTER_IN_PARENT); 
      final TextView numTv = new TextView(context); 
      numTv.setText(numArr[i]); 
      numTv.setTextColor(mPanelColor); 
      numTv.setTextSize(30); 
      numTv.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER); 
      numTv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
      final CircleImageView numBgIv = new CircleImageView(context); 
      numBgIv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
      numTv.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() { 
        @Override 
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { 
          switch (event.getAction()){ 
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: 
              numBgIv.setFillCircle(); 
              numTv.setTextColor(Color.WHITE); 
              if(mPassWord.length() < 4){ 
                mPassWord.append(numTv.getText()); 
                mResultIvList.get(mPassWord.length()-1).setFillCircle(); 
                if(mInputListener!=null && mPassWord.length() == 4){ 
                  mInputListener.inputFinish(mPassWord.toString()); 
                } 
              } 
              break; 
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: 
              numBgIv.setStrokeCircle(); 
              numTv.setTextColor(mPanelColor); 
              break; 
          } 
          return true; 
        } 
      }); 
 
      numItem.addView(numBgIv); 
      numItem.addView(numTv); 
      numContainer.addView(numItem); 
      if(i == 9){ 
        numItem.setVisibility(INVISIBLE); 
      } 
    } 
 
    //删除按钮 
    RelativeLayout deleteItem = new RelativeLayout(context); 
    deleteItem.setPadding(mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom,mPaddingLeftRight,mPaddingTopBottom); 
    RelativeLayout.LayoutParams gridItemParams = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(mNumRadius, mNumRadius); 
    gridItemParams.addRule(CENTER_IN_PARENT); 
    //假如删除按钮是设置自定义图片资源的话，可用注释这段 
    //ImageView deleteIv = new ImageView(context); 
    //deleteIv.setImageResource(R.drawable.icn_delete_pw); 
    //deleteIv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
    //deleteItem.addView(deleteIv); 
    TextView deleteTv = new TextView(context); 
    deleteTv.setText("Delete"); 
    deleteTv.setTextColor(mPanelColor); 
    deleteTv.setTextSize(dip2px(context, 8)); 
    deleteTv.setLayoutParams(gridItemParams); 
    deleteTv.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER); 
    deleteItem.addView(deleteTv); 
    numContainer.addView(deleteItem); 
    deleteTv.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { 
      @Override 
      public void onClick(View v) { 
        delete(); 
      } 
    }); 
 
    LinearLayout.LayoutParams gridParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); 
    gridParams.gravity = Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL; 
    numContainer.setLayoutParams(gridParams); 
    addView(numContainer); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 输入错误的状态显示(包括震动，密码位左右摇摆效果，重置密码位) 
   */ 
  public void showErrorStatus(){ 
    mVibrator.vibrate(new long[]{100,100,100,100},-1); 
    List<Animator> animators = new ArrayList<>(); 
    ObjectAnimator translationXAnim = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(inputResultView, "translationX", -50.0f,50.0f,-50.0f,0.0f); 
    translationXAnim.setDuration(400); 
    animators.add(translationXAnim); 
    AnimatorSet btnSexAnimatorSet = new AnimatorSet(); 
    btnSexAnimatorSet.playTogether(animators); 
    btnSexAnimatorSet.start(); 
    btnSexAnimatorSet.addListener(new Animator.AnimatorListener() { 
      @Override 
      public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation) { 
 
      } 
 
      @Override 
      public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) { 
        resetResult(); 
      } 
 
      @Override 
      public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation) { 
 
      } 
 
      @Override 
      public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animation) { 
 
      } 
    }); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 删除 
   */ 
  public void delete(){ 
    if(mPassWord.length() == 0){ 
      return; 
    } 
    mResultIvList.get(mPassWord.length()-1).setStrokeCircle(); 
    mPassWord.deleteCharAt(mPassWord.length()-1); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 重置密码输入 
   */ 
  public void resetResult(){ 
    for(int i=0; i<mResultIvList.size(); i++){ 
      mResultIvList.get(i).setStrokeCircle(); 
    } 
    mPassWord.delete(0, 4); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 监听输入完毕的接口 
   */ 
  private InputListener mInputListener; 
 
  public void setInputListener(InputListener mInputListener) { 
    this.mInputListener = mInputListener; 
  } 
 
  public interface InputListener{ 
    void inputFinish(String result); 
  } 
 
 
  /** 
   * dip/dp转像素 
   * 
   * @param dipValue 
   *      dip或 dp大小 
   * @return 像素值 
   */ 
  public static int dip2px(Context context, float dipValue) { 
    DisplayMetrics metrics = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); 
    return (int) (dipValue * (metrics.density) + 0.5f); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 圆形背景ImageView（设置实心或空心） 
   */ 
  public class CircleImageView extends ImageView{ 
 
    private Paint mPaint; 
    private int mWidth; 
    private int mHeight; 
 
    public CircleImageView(Context context) { 
      this(context, null); 
    } 
 
    public CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { 
      this(context, attrs, 0); 
    } 
 
    public CircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) { 
      super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); 
      initView(context); 
    } 
 
    public void initView(Context context){ 
      mPaint = new Paint(); 
      mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); 
      mPaint.setColor(mPanelColor); 
      mPaint.setStrokeWidth(mStrokeWidth); 
      mPaint.setAntiAlias(true); 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) { 
      super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh); 
      mWidth = w; 
      mHeight = h; 
    } 
 
    @Override 
    public void draw(Canvas canvas) { 
      canvas.drawCircle(mWidth/2, mHeight/2, mWidth/2 - 6, mPaint); 
      super.draw(canvas); 
    } 
 
    /** 
     * 设置圆为实心状态 
     */ 
    public void setFillCircle(){ 
      mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL); 
      invalidate(); 
    } 
 
    /** 
     * 设置圆为空心状态 
     */ 
    public void setStrokeCircle(){ 
      mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); 
      invalidate(); 
    } 
  } 
}

使用

在Activity的布局文件中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" 
  android:id="@+id/activity_main" 
  android:layout_width="match_parent" 
  android:layout_height="match_parent" 
  android:background="#ffffff" 
  tools:context="com.example.zjyang.viewtest.MainActivity"> 
 
  <com.example.zjyang.viewtest.view.NumLockPanel 
    android:id="@+id/num_lock" 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:layout_marginTop="30dp"> 
 
  </com.example.zjyang.viewtest.view.NumLockPanel> 
</RelativeLayout>

在代码中监听输入的密码结果：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { 
   
  private NumLockPanel mNumLockPanel; 
 
  @Override 
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 
 
    mNumLockPanel = (NumLockPanel) findViewById(R.id.num_lock); 
    mNumLockPanel.setInputListener(new NumLockPanel.InputListener() { 
      @Override 
      public void inputFinish(String result) { 
        //此处result即为输入结果 
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
        //错误效果示例 
        mNumLockPanel.showErrorStatus(); 
      } 
    }); 
  } 
}

最后，在自定义View构造方法中初始化了圆圆和数字的颜色风格，以及空心圆的边界粗细大小，可根据需求自行更改。

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