vue中如何实现后台管理系统的权限控制的方法示例

this.$http({
   method: 'get',
   url: 'test/query?id=20',
   withCredentials: true,
   headers: {
   token: sessionStorage.getItem('token'),
   name: sessionStorage.getItem('name') //应后台需求传的用户名
   }
  }).then(response => {
   //请求成功后的操作
  })

//main.js
import axios from 'axios'

// 实例化Axios，并进行超时设置
const service = axios.create({
 timeout: 5000
})
// baseURL
// axios.defaults.baseURL = 'https://api.github.com';

// http request 拦截器
// 每次请求都为http头增加Authorization字段，其内容为token
service.interceptors.request.use(
 config => {
  if (store.state.user.token) {
   config.headers.Authorization = `token ${store.state.user.token}`;
  }
  return config
 },
 err => {
  return Promise.reject(err)
 }
);
export default service

// router/index.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import App from '@/App'
import store from '../store/index'

Vue.use(Router);

//手动跳转的页面白名单
const whiteList = [
 '/'
];
//默认不需要权限的页面
const constantRouterMap = [
 {
 path: '/',
 name: '登录',
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/login'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/index',
 name: 'nav.Home',
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/index'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/templateMake',
 name: '模板制作',
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Template/templateMake'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/programMack',
 name: '节目制作',
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Template/programMack'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/release',
 name: '节目发布',
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Program/release'], resolve)
 }
]

//注册路由
export const router = new Router({
 routes: constantRouterMap
});

//异步路由（需要权限的页面）
export const asyncRouterMap = [

 {
 path: '/resource',
 name: 'nav.Resource',
 meta: {
  permission: []
 },
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Resource/resource'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/template',
 name: 'nav.Template',
 meta: {
  permission: []
 },
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Template/template'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/generalSet',
 name: 'nav.System',
 meta: {
  permission: []
 },
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/SystemSet/generalSet'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '',
 name: 'nav.Log',
 component: App,
 children: [
  {
  path: '/userLog',
  name: 'nav.UserLog',
  meta: {
   permission: []
  },
  component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Log/userLog'], resolve),
  },
  {
  path: '/operatingLog',
  name: 'nav.SystemLog',
  meta: {
   permission: []
  },
  component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Log/operatingLog'], resolve),
  },
 ]
 }
 ]
];

// store/index.js
import Axios from 'axios'
import Vue from 'vue'
import Vuex from 'vuex'

Vue.use(Vuex);
const axios = Axios.create();

const state = {
 mode: 'login',
 list: []
};

const getters = {};

const mutations = {
 setMode: (state, data) => {
 state.mode = data
 },
 setList: (state, data) => {
 state.list = data
 }
};

const actions = {
 // 获取权限列表
 getPermission({commit}) {
 return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
  axios({
  url: '/privilege/queryPrivilege?id=' + sessionStorage.getItem('privId'),
  methods: 'get',
  headers: {
   token: sessionStorage.getItem('token'),
   name: sessionStorage.getItem('name')
  }
  }).then((res) => {
  // 存储权限列表
  commit('setList', res.data.cust.privileges[0].children);
  resolve(res.data.cust.privileges[0].children)
  }).catch(() => {
  reject()
  })
 })
 }
};

export default new Vuex.Store({
 state,
 mutations,
 actions,
 getters
})

// router/index.js
/**
 * 根据权限匹配路由
 * @param {array} permission 权限列表（菜单列表）
 * @param {array} asyncRouter 异步路由对象
 */
function routerMatch(permission, asyncRouter) {
 return new Promise((resolve) => {
 const routers = [];
 // 创建路由
 function createRouter(permission) {
   // 根据路径匹配到的router对象添加到routers中即可
  permission.forEach((item) => {
  if (item.children && item.children.length) {
   createRouter(item.children)
  }
  let path = item.path;
  // 循环异步路由，将符合权限列表的路由加入到routers中
  asyncRouter.find((s) => {
   if (s.path === '') {
   s.children.find((y) => {
    if (y.path === path) {
    y.meta.permission = item.permission;
    routers.push(s);
    }
   })
   }
   if (s.path === path) {
   s.meta.permission = item.permission;
   routers.push(s);
   }
  })
  })
 }

 createRouter(permission)
 resolve([routers])
 })
}

// router/index.js
router.beforeEach((to, form, next) => {
 if (sessionStorage.getItem('token')) {
 if (to.path === '/') {
  router.replace('/index')
 } else {
  console.log(store.state.list.length);
  if (store.state.list.length === 0) {
   //如果没有权限列表，将重新向后台请求一次
  store.dispatch('getPermission').then(res => {
   //调用权限匹配的方法
   routerMatch(res, asyncRouterMap).then(res => {
    //将匹配出来的权限列表进行addRoutes
   router.addRoutes(res[0]);
   next(to.path)
   })
  }).catch(() => {
   router.replace('/')
  })
  } else {
  if (to.matched.length) {
   next()
  } else {
   router.replace('/')
  }
  }
 }
 } else {
 if (whiteList.indexOf(to.path) >= 0) {
  next()
 } else {
  router.replace('/')
 }
 }
});

//异步路由（需要权限的页面）
export const asyncRouterMap = [

 {
 path: '/resource',
 name: 'nav.Resource',
 meta: {
  permission: []
 },
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Resource/resource'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/template',
 name: 'nav.Template',
 meta: {
  permission: []
 },
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Template/template'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '/generalSet',
 name: 'nav.System',
 meta: {
  permission: []
 },
 component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/SystemSet/generalSet'], resolve)
 },
 {
 path: '',
 name: 'nav.Log',
 component: App,
 children: [
  {
  path: '/userLog',
  name: 'nav.UserLog',
  meta: {
   permission: []
  },
  component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Log/userLog'], resolve),
  },
  {
  path: '/operatingLog',
  name: 'nav.SystemLog',
  meta: {
   permission: []
  },
  component: (resolve) => require(['@/components/Log/operatingLog'], resolve),
  },
 ]
 }
 ]
];

asyncRouter.find((s) => {
   if (s.path === '') {
   s.children.find((y) => {
    if (y.path === path) {
     //赋值
    y.meta.permission = item.permission;
    routers.push(s);
    }
   })
   }
   if (s.path === path) {
   s.meta.permission = item.permission;
   routers.push(s);
   }
  })

<a @click="upload" v-allow="'3'"></a> /* 3代表一个上传权限的ID，权限中有3则显示按钮 */

//main.js
//按扭权限指令
Vue.directive('allow', {
 inserted: (el, binding, vnode) => {
 let permissionList = vnode.context.$route.meta.permission;
 if (!permissionList.includes(binding.value)) {
  el.parentNode.removeChild(el)
 }
 }
})