C语言设计前中后队列实例代码
时间：2023-03-09 12:09:12 | 栏目：C代码 | 点击：次
队列基本概念
队列是最常见的概念，日常生活经常需要排队，仔细观察队列会发现，队列是一种逻辑结构，是一种特殊的线性表。特殊在：
只能在固定的两端操作线性表
只要满足上述条件，那么这种特殊的线性表就会呈现出一种“先进先出”的逻辑，这种逻辑就被称为队列。
由于约定了只能在线性表固定的两端进行操作，于是给队列这种特殊的线性表的插入删除，起个特殊的名称：
队头：可以删除节点的一端
队尾：可以插入节点的一端
入队：将节点插入到队尾之后，函数名通常为enQueue()
出队：将队头节点从队列中剔除，函数名通常为outQueue()
取队头：取得队头元素，但不出队，函数名通常为front()
本题就是手撸数据结构中基本的队列结构，常用的有两种，一种是用链表实现，一种是数组实现。本文将会给出两种实现方式
1，数组实现
typedef struct {
int value[1000];
int len;
} FrontMiddleBackQueue;
FrontMiddleBackQueue* frontMiddleBackQueueCreate() {
FrontMiddleBackQueue *queue = (FrontMiddleBackQueue *)malloc(sizeof(FrontMiddleBackQueue));
memset(queue,0,sizeof(FrontMiddleBackQueue));
return queue;
}
void insert(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int pos, int val)
{
//在pos位置插入val，则pos(从0开始)位置后的数统一向后挪一个位置,队列长度加1
int i = 0;
for(i=obj->len; i>pos; i--)
{
obj->value[i] = obj->value[i-1];
}
obj->value[pos] = val;
obj->len++;
}
int pop(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int pos)
{
//弹出pos位置的val,则pos(从0开始)位置后向前统一挪一个位置，队列长度减一
if(obj->len == 0)
return -1;
int i = 0;
int popval = obj->value[pos]; //先将pos位置的数保存下来，不然下面的移位操作就覆盖了pos位置的值
for(i=pos; i<obj->len-1; i++)
{
obj->value[i] = obj->value[i+1];
}
obj->len--;
return popval;
}
void frontMiddleBackQueuePushFront(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int val) {
insert(obj,0,val);
}
void frontMiddleBackQueuePushMiddle(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int val) {
insert(obj,obj->len/2,val);
}
void frontMiddleBackQueuePushBack(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int val) {
insert(obj,obj->len,val);
}
int frontMiddleBackQueuePopFront(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
return pop(obj,0);
}
int frontMiddleBackQueuePopMiddle(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
return pop(obj,(obj->len-1)/2);
}
int frontMiddleBackQueuePopBack(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
return pop(obj, obj->len-1);
}
void frontMiddleBackQueueFree(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
free(obj);
}
/**
* Your FrontMiddleBackQueue struct will be instantiated and called as such:
* FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj = frontMiddleBackQueueCreate();
* frontMiddleBackQueuePushFront(obj, val);
* frontMiddleBackQueuePushMiddle(obj, val);
* frontMiddleBackQueuePushBack(obj, val);
* int param_4 = frontMiddleBackQueuePopFront(obj);
* int param_5 = frontMiddleBackQueuePopMiddle(obj);
* int param_6 = frontMiddleBackQueuePopBack(obj);
* frontMiddleBackQueueFree(obj);
*/
运行结果
2，链表实现
1，设计链表结构，链表维持一个头节点和尾结点，头节点始终在最前面并且头结点的data存储整个队列的节点数，尾结点始终是最后一个节点
2，设计插入节点函数和删除节点函数，push和pop操作只需要根据不同场景传入不同的参数即可完成统一的操作
typedef struct tag_Node {
int data;
struct tag_Node* next, *prev;
}Node;
typedef struct {
Node* front;
Node* rear;
} FrontMiddleBackQueue;
FrontMiddleBackQueue* frontMiddleBackQueueCreate() {
FrontMiddleBackQueue* que = (FrontMiddleBackQueue *)malloc(sizeof(FrontMiddleBackQueue));
que->front = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));
que->rear = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));
que->front->data = 0;
que->front->next = NULL;
que->rear->data = 0;
que->rear->next = NULL;
que->front->next = que->rear;
que->rear->prev = que->front;
return que;
}
void AddNode(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, Node *cur, int val)
{
Node* addNode = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));
addNode->data = val;
addNode->prev = cur->prev;
addNode->next = cur;
cur->prev->next = addNode;
cur->prev = addNode;
obj->front->data++;
return;
}
Node* GetMiddleNode(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, bool isAdd)
{
Node* tmp = obj->front->next;
int len = isAdd ? (obj->front->data / 2) : ((obj->front->data - 1) / 2);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
tmp = tmp->next;
}
return tmp;
}
void frontMiddleBackQueuePushFront(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int val) {
AddNode(obj, obj->front->next, val);
return;
}
void frontMiddleBackQueuePushMiddle(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int val) {
AddNode(obj, GetMiddleNode(obj, true), val);
return;
}
void frontMiddleBackQueuePushBack(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, int val) {
AddNode(obj, obj->rear, val);
return;
}
int RemoveNode(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj, Node* cur)
{
if (obj->front->data == 0) {
return -1;
}
cur->next->prev = cur->prev;
cur->prev->next = cur->next;
obj->front->data--;
int item = cur->data;
free(cur);
return item;
}
int frontMiddleBackQueuePopFront(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
return RemoveNode(obj, obj->front->next);
}
int frontMiddleBackQueuePopMiddle(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
return RemoveNode(obj, GetMiddleNode(obj, false));
}
int frontMiddleBackQueuePopBack(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
return RemoveNode(obj, obj->rear->prev);
}
void frontMiddleBackQueueFree(FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj) {
while (RemoveNode(obj, obj->front->next) != -1);
free(obj->front);
free(obj->rear);
free(obj);
return;
}
/**
* Your FrontMiddleBackQueue struct will be instantiated and called as such:
* FrontMiddleBackQueue* obj = frontMiddleBackQueueCreate();
* frontMiddleBackQueuePushFront(obj, val);
* frontMiddleBackQueuePushMiddle(obj, val);
* frontMiddleBackQueuePushBack(obj, val);
* int param_4 = frontMiddleBackQueuePopFront(obj);
* int param_5 = frontMiddleBackQueuePopMiddle(obj);
* int param_6 = frontMiddleBackQueuePopBack(obj);
* frontMiddleBackQueueFree(obj);
*/
运行结果：
