时间:2023-03-02 09:35:13 | 栏目:JAVA代码 | 点击:次
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!--指定要扫描的包,这个包下的注解就会生效--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.springannotation" /> <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config> <!-- <bean id="cat" class="com.example.springannotation.dao.Cat"/> <bean id="people" class="com.example.springannotation.dao.People"/>--> </beans>
注解的支持:
//@Component 等价于<bean id="pepople" class="com.example.springannotation.dao.People" /> @Component public class People { @Autowired(required = false) @Value("1235") //相当<property name="id " value="1235"/> private int id; @Autowired(required = false) private String name ="ming"; @Value("qing") //相当<property name="name " value="qing"/> public void setName(@Nullable String name) { this.name = name; } }
衍生的注解
@Component有几个衍生注解,我们在web开发中,会按照mvc三层架构分层!
这四个注解功能都是一样的,都是代表将某个类注册到Spring中,装配Bean。
@Scope("singleton") //singleton:标识单例模式,prototype:标识原型模式 、request:标识请求模式、session:标识会话模式
xml 与注解:
xml与注解最佳实践:
<!--指定要扫描的包,这个包下的注解就会生效--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.springannotation" /> <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
// 配置类 代替 beans.xml import com.example.springannotation.dao.Cat; import com.example.springannotation.dao.People; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; @Configuration @ComponentScan("com.example.springannotation") @Import(WwConfig.class) //引入第二个配置 public class AppConfig { //注朋一个bean 相当于当于我们之前写的一个bean标签 //这个方法的名字,就相当于bean标签中的id属性 //这个方法的返回价,就和当了bean标签中的class属性 @Bean public People getPeople(){ return new People(); } @Bean public Cat getCat(){ return new Cat(); } } import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class WwConfig { }
//测试类 import com.example.springannotation.config.AppConfig; import com.example.springannotation.dao.People; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; @SpringBootTest class SpringannotationApplicationTests { @Test void contextLoads() { 如果完全使用了配置类方式做, // 我们就只能通过 AnnotationConfig 上下文来获取容器,通过配置类的class对象加载! ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class); People people = (People) context.getBean("getPeople"); System.out.println(people.toString()); } }