时间:2022-11-29 09:52:58 | 栏目:JAVA代码 | 点击:次
File类是java.io包下代表与平台无关的文件和目录。File可以新建、删除、重命名文件和目录,但是不能访问文件内容本身,如果需要访问内容的话,需要通过输入/输出流进行访问。
File类可以使用文件路径字符串创建File实例,路径既可以是绝对路径,也可以是相对路径。一般相对路径的话是由系统属性user.dir指定,即为Java VM所在路径。
/** * Creates a new <code>File</code> instance by converting the given * pathname string into an abstract pathname. If the given string is * the empty string, then the result is the empty abstract pathname. * * @param pathname A pathname string * @throws NullPointerException * If the <code>pathname</code> argument is <code>null</code> */ public File(String pathname) { if (pathname == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } this.path = fs.normalize(pathname); this.prefixLength = fs.prefixLength(this.path); }
public boolean setWritable(boolean writable) { return setWritable(writable, true); }
public boolean setReadable(boolean readable) { return setReadable(readable, true); }
public boolean setExecutable(boolean executable) { return setExecutable(executable, true); }
1)运行主类
package com.example.andya.demo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URI; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; @SpringBootApplication public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { File file = new File("C:\\Users\\LIAOJIANYA\\Desktop\\filetest\\filedir02\\FileTest.txt"); System.out.println("getName(): " + file.getName()); System.out.println("getParent(): " + file.getParent()); System.out.println("getParentFile(): " + file.getParentFile()); System.out.println("getAbsolutePath(): " + file.getAbsolutePath()); System.out.println("getAbsoluteFile(): " + file.getAbsoluteFile()); System.out.println("getAbsoluteFile().getParent(): " + file.getAbsoluteFile().getParent()); System.out.println("getPath(): " + file.getPath()); System.out.println("isAbsolute(): " + file.isAbsolute()); System.out.println("getCanonicalPath(): " + file.getCanonicalPath()); System.out.println("getCanonicalFile(): " + file.getCanonicalFile()); System.out.println("canRead(): " + file.canRead()); System.out.println("canWrite(): " + file.canWrite()); System.out.println("canExecute(): " + file.canExecute()); System.out.println("exists(): " + file.exists()); System.out.println("isDirectory(): " + file.isDirectory()); System.out.println("isFile(): " + file.isFile()); System.out.println("isHidden(): " + file.isHidden()); System.out.println(file.setLastModified(1546275661)); SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); System.out.println("lastModified(): " + simpleDateFormat.format(file.lastModified())); //在里面写了"123"这三个数字 System.out.println("length(): " + file.length()); File newFile01 = new File("C:\\Users\\LIAOJIANYA\\Desktop\\filetest\\filedir02\\FileTest1.txt"); newFile01.createNewFile(); newFile01.delete(); File newDir1 = new File("C:\\Users\\LIAOJIANYA\\Desktop\\filetest\\filedir02\\dir1"); System.out.println("mkdir(): " + newDir1.mkdir()); File newDir2 = new File("C:\\Users\\LIAOJIANYA\\Desktop\\filetest\\filedir02\\dir2\\dir2-1"); System.out.println("mkdirs(): " + newDir2.mkdirs()); String[] fileList = file.getParentFile().list(); System.out.println("========上一级目录下的所有文件和路径========="); for (String fileName : fileList) { System.out.println(fileName); } System.out.println("file重命名:" + file.renameTo(new File("C:\\Users\\LIAOJIANYA\\Desktop\\filetest\\filedir02\\FileTest.txt"))); System.out.println("========上一级目录下的所有文件和目录========="); File[] files = file.getParentFile().listFiles(); for (File fileName : files) { System.out.println(fileName.getName()); } System.out.println("canRead(): " + file.canRead()); //人为改为不可写 System.out.println("setWritable(): " + file.setWritable(false, false)); System.out.println("canWrite(): " + file.canWrite()); System.out.println("canExecute(): " + file.canExecute()); System.out.println("========相对路径========="); //默认相对路径是user.dir即为当前工程所在位置 System.out.println("user.dir:" + System.getProperty("user.dir")); File newFile = new File("test.txt"); System.out.println("newFile文件是否存在:" + newFile.exists()); newFile.createNewFile(); System.out.println("新建newFile文件后是否存在:" + newFile.exists() + ", 路径为:" + newFile.getAbsolutePath()); System.out.println("getName(): " + newFile.getName()); System.out.println("getParent(): " + newFile.getParent()); System.out.println("getParentFile(): " + newFile.getParentFile()); System.out.println("getAbsolutePath(): " + newFile.getAbsolutePath()); System.out.println("getAbsoluteFile(): " + newFile.getAbsoluteFile()); System.out.println("getAbsoluteFile().getParent(): " + newFile.getAbsoluteFile().getParent()); System.out.println("getPath(): " + newFile.getPath()); System.out.println("isAbsolute(): " + newFile.isAbsolute()); System.out.println("getCanonicalPath(): " + newFile.getCanonicalPath()); System.out.println("getCanonicalFile(): " + newFile.getCanonicalFile()); URI uri = newFile.toURI(); System.out.println("URI:" + uri.toString()); File[] listRoots = File.listRoots(); System.out.println("========系统根目录下的所有文件和路径========="); for (File root : listRoots) { System.out.println(root); } System.out.println("getTotalSpace(): " + file.getTotalSpace()/1024/1024/1024 + " G"); System.out.println("getFreeSpace(): " + file.getFreeSpace()/1024/1024/1024 + " G"); System.out.println("getUsableSpace(): " + file.getUsableSpace()/1024/1024/1024 + " G"); Path path = file.toPath(); System.out.println("Path: " + path); SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } }
2)运行结果:
getName(): FileTest.txt getParent(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02 getParentFile(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02 getAbsolutePath(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02\FileTest.txt getAbsoluteFile(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02\FileTest.txt getAbsoluteFile().getParent(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02 getPath(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02\FileTest.txt isAbsolute(): true getCanonicalPath(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02\FileTest.txt getCanonicalFile(): C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02\FileTest.txt canRead(): true canWrite(): false canExecute(): true exists(): true isDirectory(): false isFile(): true isHidden(): false true lastModified(): 1970-01-19 05:31:15 length(): 3 mkdir(): false mkdirs(): false ========上一级目录下的所有文件和路径========= dir1 dir2 FileTest.txt file重命名:true ========上一级目录下的所有文件和目录========= dir1 dir2 FileTest.txt canRead(): true setWritable(): true canWrite(): false canExecute(): true ========相对路径========= user.dir:C:\DATA\selfcode newFile文件是否存在:true 新建newFile文件后是否存在:true, 路径为:C:\DATA\selfcode\test.txt getName(): test.txt getParent(): null getParentFile(): null getAbsolutePath(): C:\DATA\selfcode\test.txt getAbsoluteFile(): C:\DATA\selfcode\test.txt getAbsoluteFile().getParent(): C:\DATA\selfcode getPath(): test.txt isAbsolute(): false getCanonicalPath(): C:\DATA\selfcode\test.txt getCanonicalFile(): C:\DATA\selfcode\test.txt URI:file:/C:/DATA/selfcode/test.txt ========系统根目录下的所有文件和路径========= C:\ getTotalSpace(): 237 G getFreeSpace(): 41 G getUsableSpace(): 41 G Path: C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir02\FileTest.txt
3)结果的一些验证: a)文件长度以及修改时间
b)设置不可写后:
b)磁盘大小
c)user.dir路径
1)运行主类
File file2 = new File("C:\\Users\\LIAOJIANYA\\Desktop\\filetest\\filedir01"); File tmp01 = file2.createTempFile("tmp01", ".tmp"); File tmp02 = file2.createTempFile("tmp02", ".tmp", file2); tmp02.deleteOnExit(); File tmp03 = File.createTempFile("tmp03", null); System.out.println("tmp01: " + tmp01.getAbsolutePath()); System.out.println("tmp02: " + tmp02.getAbsolutePath()); System.out.println("tmp03: " + tmp03.getAbsolutePath());
2)运行结果
tmp01: C:\Users\LIAOJI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp01870328708927314810.tmp
tmp02: C:\Users\LIAOJIANYA\Desktop\filetest\filedir01\tmp023046960943790159256.tmp
tmp03: C:\Users\LIAOJI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp032224782289258299121.tmp
3)查看结果:
a)默认临时文件存放地址:
b)指定临时文件存放地址:
其中,如果需求中需要创建一个临时文件,这个临时文件可能作为存储使用,但在程序运行结束后需要删除文件,可以使用deleteOnExit()
方法。
public String[] list(FilenameFilter filter)
方法的使用。 1)运行主类
public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { File file = new File("C:\\Users\\LIAOJIANYA\\Desktop\\filetest\\filedir02\\"); String[] nameArr = file.list(((dir, name) -> name.endsWith(".doc"))); for (String name : nameArr) { System.out.println(name); } } }
2)运行结果:
文件01.doc
3)验证:
其中,通过使用Lambda表达式,目标类型为FilenameFilter实现文件过滤,上面过滤了以.doc
结尾的文件。