详解Android系统中跨应用数据分享功能的实现
时间：2020-11-09 17:45:55 | 栏目：Android代码 | 点击：次
一个Andoird应用程序的重要的地方是他们有相互沟通和整合的能力，一个应用程序可以和另一个应用程序交互，接下来我们来看看Android应用之间的内容分享
当你构建Intent的时候，必须要指定Intent的Action触发，定义Intent的Action例如ACTION_SEND，你大概可以猜到指定Action为ACTION_SEND的Intent的作用是从一个Activity发送数据到另一个Activity，甚至跨越不同的进程，将数据发送给另一个Activity，你需要指定数据和他的类型，系统将识别接收的Activity，并显示他们给用户（假如有多个选择的时候）或者立即启动Activity（只要一个选择的时候）
1.发送文本内容：
最直接最常用的是用ACTION_SEND来从一个应用发送文本内容到另一个应用，例如，我们的内置浏览器可以与任何页面当前的URL来共享文字，下面的例子就是共享文本内容
Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
//这里是你发送的文本
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手机测试分享内容");
sendIntent.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(sendIntent);
假如你安装了过滤Action为ACTION_SEND，MIMEtype为“text/plain”的应用程序，这个系统就会启动，假如系统匹配到多个这样子的应用程序，他就会弹出一个Dialog列出所有的应用供用户选择（一个选择器），如下图
可能你觉得上面的代码很简单，我很容易就能写出来，可是你发现了没有，当我们的手机里面没有地图类型的应用程序，你执行startActivity方法，你的程序就会出现Crash（崩溃），所以我们需要先判断下系统是否有这类型的应用程序，判断也很简单
public boolean hasApplication(Intent intent){
PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();
//查询是否有该Intent的Activity
List<ResolveInfo> activities = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(intent, 0);
//activities里面不为空就有，否则就没有
return activities.size() > 0 ? true : false;
所以我们在startActivity的时候要做上面的判断，这样子我们开发出来的程序才会更加的健壮，少一些Crash用户体验也会更好，假如每次都要判断你师傅会觉得烦？所以我们也可以使用Intent的Intent.createChooser方法
他有如下优点
1.1 即使用户选择了默认的方式，选择器仍然会弹出来
1.2 如果没有匹配到这样的应用程序，系统就会提示消息
1.3 你可以指定选择器Dialog的标题
Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "我用手机测试分享内容");
sendIntent.setType("text/plain");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "我是弹出框的标题"));
注：某些邮件类应用程序，如Gmail,我们可以使用putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, String[]) 添加一个字符串数组到Intent中
2.发送二进制内容
二进制内容的共享使用Action为ACTION_SEND，在设置适当的MIME类型，并且添加putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, URI),下面是一个常用的共享图片的代码，也可以共享任何类型的二进制内容
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uriToImage);
shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, getResources().getText(R.string.send_to)));
主要下面几点：
- 你可以使用MIME type为“ */*” ,他只会匹配处理一般数据流的Activity
- 接收应用程序需要Uri指定数据的访问权限
- 在SD卡的文件，我们使用File file = new File(filePath); Uri.fromFile(file),然后把他传递给Intent
- 在应用程序的目录中，openFileOutput的模式为MODE_WORLD_READABLE，然后我们可以使用getFileStreamPath（）返回一个File，然后利用Uri.fromFile(file)传递给Intent
- 可以扫描图像，视频和音频等媒体文件，添加到系统MediaStore使用SCANFILE()来扫描文件，扫描完成后会调用 onScanCompleted()回调方法来返回一个Uri
- 图片使用insertImage()方法插入到系统MediaStore也会返回一个图片的Uri
下面是共享图片的例子：
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
File file = new File("mnt/sdcard/share.png");
System.out.println(Uri.fromFile(file));
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.fromFile(file));
shareIntent.setType("image/jpeg");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "共享图片"));
选择QQ空间后，图片就显示在那里了，如下图
我们要共享多个二进制内容利用Action为ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE,下面是我们共享多张图片
ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = new ArrayList<Uri>();
imageUris.add(imageUri1); // Add your image URIs here
imageUris.add(imageUri2);
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);
shareIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris);
shareIntent.setType("image/*");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share images to.."));
下面我列出几个常用的MIME type类型
- text/plain（纯文本）
- text/html（HTML文档）
- application/xhtml+xml（XHTML文档）
- image/gif（GIF图像）
- image/jpeg（JPEG图像）【PHP中为：image/pjpeg】
- image/png（PNG图像）【PHP中为：image/x-png】
- video/mpeg（MPEG动画）
- application/octet-stream（任意的二进制数据）
- application/pdf（PDF文档）
- application/msword（Microsoft Word文件）
- message/rfc822（RFC 822形式）
- multipart/alternative（HTML邮件的HTML形式和纯文本形式，相同内容使用不同形式表示）
- application/x-www-form-urlencoded（使用HTTP的POST方法提交的表单）
- multipart/form-data（同上，但主要用于表单提交时伴随文件上传的场合）
Android所有支持的MIME type
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/andrew-inset", "ez");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/dsptype", "tsp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/futuresplash", "spl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/hta", "hta");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-binhex40", "hqx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mac-compactpro", "cpt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/mathematica", "nb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msaccess", "mdb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/oda", "oda");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/ogg", "ogg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pdf", "pdf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-keys", "key");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pgp-signature", "pgp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/pics-rules", "prf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rar", "rar");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rdf+xml", "rdf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/rss+xml", "rss");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/zip", "zip");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.android.package-archive",
"apk");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.cinderella", "cdy");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-pki.stl", "stl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database", "odb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula", "odf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics", "odg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template",
"otg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image", "odi");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet", "ods");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template",
"ots");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text", "odt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master", "odm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template", "ott");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web", "oth");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "doc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/msword", "dot");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
"docx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template",
"dotx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xls");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-excel", "xlt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
"xlsx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template",
"xltx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "ppt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pot");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", "pps");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
"pptx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template",
"potx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow",
"ppsx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.rim.cod", "cod");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.smaf", "mmf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.calc", "sdc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.draw", "sda");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.stardivision.impress", "sdp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.math", "smf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
"sdw");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.stardivision.writer",
"vor");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.stardivision.writer-global", "sgl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.calc", "sxc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.sun.xml.calc.template", "stc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.draw", "sxd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.sun.xml.draw.template", "std");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.impress", "sxi");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.sun.xml.impress.template", "sti");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.math", "sxm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.sun.xml.writer", "sxw");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.global", "sxg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry(
"application/vnd.sun.xml.writer.template", "stw");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/vnd.visio", "vsd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-abiword", "abw");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-apple-diskimage", "dmg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bcpio", "bcpio");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-bittorrent", "torrent");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdf", "cdf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cdlink", "vcd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-chess-pgn", "pgn");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-cpio", "cpio");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "deb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-debian-package", "udeb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dcr");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dir");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-director", "dxr");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dms", "dms");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-doom", "wad");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-dvi", "dvi");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-flac", "flac");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfa");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pfb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "gsf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-font", "pcf.Z");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-freemind", "mm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-futuresplash", "spl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gnumeric", "gnumeric");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-go-sgf", "sgf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-graphing-calculator", "gcf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "gtar");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "tgz");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-gtar", "taz");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-hdf", "hdf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ica", "ica");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "ins");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-internet-signup", "isp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iphone", "iii");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-iso9660-image", "iso");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-jmol", "jmz");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kchart", "chrt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-killustrator", "kil");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-koan", "skm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpr");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kpresenter", "kpt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kspread", "ksp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-kword", "kwt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-latex", "latex");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lha", "lha");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzh", "lzh");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-lzx", "lzx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "maker");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "frame");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "book");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-maker", "fbdoc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-mif", "mif");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmd", "wmd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ms-wmz", "wmz");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-msi", "msi");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig", "pac");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-nwc", "nwc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-object", "o");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-oz-application", "oza");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs12", "p12");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp", "p7r");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-pkcs7-crl", "crl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-quicktimeplayer", "qtl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shar", "shar");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-shockwave-flash", "swf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-stuffit", "sit");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4cpio", "sv4cpio");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-sv4crc", "sv4crc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-tar", "tar");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texinfo");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-texinfo", "texi");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "t");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff", "roff");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-troff-man", "man");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-ustar", "ustar");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wais-source", "src");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-wingz", "wz");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-webarchive", "webarchive");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-ca-cert", "crt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-x509-user-cert", "crt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xcf", "xcf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/x-xfig", "fig");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("application/xhtml+xml", "xhtml");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/3gpp", "3gpp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/basic", "snd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "mid");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "midi");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/midi", "kar");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpga");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mpega");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp2");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "mp3");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpeg", "m4a");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/mpegurl", "m3u");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/prs.sid", "sid");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aif");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aiff");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-aiff", "aifc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-gsm", "gsm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-mpegurl", "m3u");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wma", "wma");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-ms-wax", "wax");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ra");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "rm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-pn-realaudio", "ram");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-realaudio", "ra");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-scpls", "pls");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-sd2", "sd2");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("audio/x-wav", "wav");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/bmp", "bmp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/gif", "gif");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "cur");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ico", "ico");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/ief", "ief");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpeg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/jpeg", "jpe");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/pcx", "pcx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/png", "png");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/svg+xml", "svgz");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tiff");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/tiff", "tif");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djvu");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.djvu", "djv");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/vnd.wap.wbmp", "wbmp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-cmu-raster", "ras");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldraw", "cdr");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawpattern", "pat");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-coreldrawtemplate", "cdt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-corelphotopaint", "cpt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-icon", "ico");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jg", "art");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-jng", "jng");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-ms-bmp", "bmp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-photoshop", "psd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-anymap", "pnm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-bitmap", "pbm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-graymap", "pgm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-portable-pixmap", "ppm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-rgb", "rgb");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xbitmap", "xbm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xpixmap", "xpm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("image/x-xwindowdump", "xwd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "igs");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/iges", "iges");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "msh");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "mesh");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("model/mesh", "silo");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "ics");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/calendar", "icz");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/comma-separated-values", "csv");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/css", "css");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "htm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/html", "html");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/h323", "323");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/iuls", "uls");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/mathml", "mml");
// add it first so it will be the default for ExtensionFromMimeType
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "txt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "asc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "text");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "diff");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/plain", "po"); // reserve "pot" for vnd.ms-powerpoint
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/richtext", "rtx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/rtf", "rtf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/texmacs", "ts");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/text", "phps");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/tab-separated-values", "tsv");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/xml", "xml");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-bibtex", "bib");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-boo", "boo");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "h++");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hpp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hxx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++hdr", "hh");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "c++");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cpp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-c++src", "cxx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-chdr", "h");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-component", "htc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csh", "csh");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-csrc", "c");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-dsrc", "d");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-haskell", "hs");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-java", "java");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-literate-haskell", "lhs");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-moc", "moc");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "p");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pascal", "pas");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-pcs-gcd", "gcd");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-setext", "etx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tcl", "tcl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "tex");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "ltx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "sty");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-tex", "cls");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcalendar", "vcs");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("text/x-vcard", "vcf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gpp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3gp");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/3gpp", "3g2");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dl", "dl");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dif");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/dv", "dv");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/fli", "fli");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/m4v", "m4v");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpeg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpg");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "mpe");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mp4", "mp4");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/mpeg", "VOB");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "qt");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/quicktime", "mov");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/vnd.mpegurl", "mxu");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-la-asf", "lsx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-mng", "mng");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asf");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-asf", "asx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wm", "wm");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmv", "wmv");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wmx", "wmx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-ms-wvx", "wvx");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-msvideo", "avi");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("video/x-sgi-movie", "movie");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-conference/x-cooltalk", "ice");
sMimeTypeMap.loadEntry("x-epoc/x-sisx-app", "sisx");
3.接收图片
下面要分享的是从其他的应用程序接收内容，比如你开发了一个社交网络的应用，你其中的某个Activity可以接受人们从其他的应用分享的东西，例如分享文字或者从图库分享图片等等，接下来我们利用一个例子来讲解从其他的应用接受内容
我们新建一个Android工程，名字为SharedContext，修改Manifest文件
我们需要在Manifest文件中定义这个Activity能接收什么样的Intent，我们需要创建Intent过滤器，使用 <intent-filter> 元素来过滤我们能接收的Intent，下面我们举个简单的例子，相信大家知道举一反三，下面的例子我们的应用程序可以处理文本,文本文件，单一的图片和多张图片,我们定义Manifest文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.sharedcontext"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="16" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.example.sharedcontext.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<!-- 应用程序的启动 Intent，我们例子只有一个Activity-->
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
<!-- 处理文字的Intent 我们需要定义action, category, 和文字对应的MIME -->
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="text/*" />
</intent-filter>
<!-- 处理单张图片的Intent -->
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="image/*" />
</intent-filter>
<!-- 处理多张图片的Intent -->
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND_MULTIPLE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:mimeType="image/*" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application
</manifest>
当一个应用程序构建上面那样子的Intent，并吧它传递给StartActivity（），我们的应用程序就会被列在Intent选择器中，当用户选择该应用程序就进入相对应的Activity（上面的例子是MainActivity）,我们只需要在MainActivity处理这样内容并用相对应的UI显示， MainActivity如下
package com.example.sharedcontext;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Intent intent = getIntent();
//获得Intent的Action
String action = intent.getAction();
//获得Intent的MIME type
String type = intent.getType();
if(Intent.ACTION_SEND.equals(action) && type != null){
//我们这里处理所有的文本类型
if(type.startsWith("text/")){
//处理获取到的文本，这里我们用TextView显示
handleSendText(intent);
}
//图片的MIME type有 image/png , image/jepg, image/gif 等，
else if(type.startsWith("image/")){
//处理获取到图片，我们用ImageView显示
handleSendImage(intent);
}
}
else if(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE.equals(action) && type != null){
if (type.startsWith("image/")) {
//处理多张图片，我们用一个GridView来显示
handleSendMultipleImages(intent);
}
}
}
/**
* 用TextView显示文本
* 可以打开一般的文本文件
* @param intent
*/
private void handleSendText(Intent intent){
TextView textView = new TextView(this);
//一般的文本处理，我们直接显示字符串
String sharedText = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT);
if(sharedText != null){
textView.setText(sharedText);
}
//文本文件处理，从Uri中获取输入流，然后将输入流转换成字符串
Uri textUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
if(textUri != null){
try {
InputStream inputStream = this.getContentResolver().openInputStream(textUri);
textView.setText(inputStream2Byte(inputStream));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//设置给Activity
setContentView(textView);
}
/**
* 将输入流转换成字符串
* @param inputStream
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private String inputStream2Byte(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException{
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte [] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
while((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
bos.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
bos.close();
//指定编码格式为UIT-8
return new String(bos.toByteArray(), "UTF-8");
}
/**
* 用ImageView显示单张图片
* @param intent
*/
private void handleSendImage(Intent intent) {
Uri imageUri = (Uri) intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
if (imageUri != null) {
ImageView imageView = new ImageView(this);
imageView.setImageURI(imageUri);
setContentView(imageView);
}
}
/**
* 用GridView显示多张图片
* @param intent
*/
private void handleSendMultipleImages(Intent intent) {
final ArrayList<Uri> imageUris = intent.getParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM);
if (imageUris != null) {
GridView gridView = new GridView(this);
//设置item的宽度
gridView.setColumnWidth(130);
//设置列为自动适应
gridView.setNumColumns(GridView.AUTO_FIT);
gridView.setAdapter(new GridAdapter(this, imageUris));
setContentView(gridView);
gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
final int position, long id) {
//点击GridView的item 可以分享图片给其他应用
//这里可以参考http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/9395991
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, imageUris.get(position));
intent.setType("image/*");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "共享图片"));
}
});
}
}
/**
* 重写BaseAdapter
* @author xiaanming
*
*/
public class GridAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
private Context mContext;
private ArrayList<Uri> list;
public GridAdapter(Context mContext, ArrayList<Uri> list){
this.list = list;
this.mContext = mContext;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
return list.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return list.get(position);
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ImageView imageView;
if(convertView == null){
imageView = new ImageView(mContext);
imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);
}else{
imageView = (ImageView) convertView;
}
imageView.setImageURI(list.get(position));
return imageView;
}
}
}
运行程序之后，然后我们选择系统图库，选择多张图片（如图一）进行分享，我们自己的应用程序分享多张界面（如图二）点击我们应用程序的item，选择分享单张图片（如图三）我们继续选择我们自己的应用程序来显示（如图四），新建一个备忘录保存，长按备忘录进行分享（如图五），分享文本文件的显示界面（如图六）
