Android自定义照相机的实例

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" 
  android:id="@+id/FrameLayout1" 
  android:layout_width="match_parent" 
  android:layout_height="match_parent" > 
  <!-- 显示预览图形 --> 
  <SurfaceView  
    android:id="@+id/surfaceView" 
    android:layout_width="match_parent" 
    android:layout_height="match_parent" 
    /> 
  <!-- 相对布局，放置两个按钮 --> 
    <RelativeLayout 
      android:id="@+id/buttonLayout" 
      android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
      android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
      android:visibility="gone" 
    > 
    <!-- 拍照按钮 --> 
    <Button  
      android:id="@+id/takepicture" 
      android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
      android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
      android:layout_alignParentRight="true" 
      android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" 
      android:background="@drawable/btn_tabkepicture_selector" 
      android:onClick="btnOnclick" 
      /> 
    <ImageView  
      android:id="@+id/scalePic" 
      android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
      android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
      android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" 
      android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" 
      android:layout_marginLeft="5dp" 
      android:background="@drawable/img_showpic_selector" 
      android:onClick="imageClick" 
      /> 
  </RelativeLayout> 
</FrameLayout> 

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
  package="com.wwj.finger" 
  android:versionCode="1" 
  android:versionName="1.0" > 
 
  <uses-sdk 
    android:minSdkVersion="4" 
    android:targetSdkVersion="15" /> 
 
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /> 
  <!-- 在SDCard中创建与删除文件权限 --> 
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" /> 
  <!-- 往SDCard写入数据权限 --> 
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> 
<application 
    android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" 
    android:label="@string/app_name" 
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > 
    <activity 
      android:name=".MainActivity" 
      android:label="@string/title_activity_main"  
      > 
      <intent-filter> 
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> 
 
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> 
      </intent-filter> 
    </activity> 
    <activity  
      android:name=".ShowPicActivity" 
      android:label="@string/app_name" 
      android:theme="@style/AppTheme" 
      android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden" 
      ></activity> 
  </application> 
 
</manifest> 

package com.wwj.finger; 
 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; 
import java.util.Date; 
 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.graphics.PixelFormat; 
import android.hardware.Camera; 
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.os.Environment; 
import android.view.KeyEvent; 
import android.view.MotionEvent; 
import android.view.Surface; 
import android.view.SurfaceHolder; 
import android.view.SurfaceHolder.Callback; 
import android.view.SurfaceView; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.ViewGroup; 
import android.widget.Toast; 
 
/** 
 * Android手指拍照 
 * 
 * @author wwj 
 * @date 2013/4/29 
 */ 
public class MainActivity extends Activity { 
  private View layout; 
  private Camera camera; 
  private Camera.Parameters parameters = null; 
 
  Bundle bundle = null; // 声明一个Bundle对象，用来存储数据 
 
  @Override 
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
    // 显示界面 
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 
 
    layout = this.findViewById(R.id.buttonLayout); 
 
    SurfaceView surfaceView = (SurfaceView) this 
        .findViewById(R.id.surfaceView); 
    surfaceView.getHolder() 
        .setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS); 
    surfaceView.getHolder().setFixedSize(176, 144); //设置Surface分辨率 
    surfaceView.getHolder().setKeepScreenOn(true);// 屏幕常亮 
    surfaceView.getHolder().addCallback(new SurfaceCallback());//为SurfaceView的句柄添加一个回调函数 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 按钮被点击触发的事件 
   * 
   * @param v 
   */ 
  public void btnOnclick(View v) { 
    if (camera != null) { 
      switch (v.getId()) { 
      case R.id.takepicture: 
        // 拍照 
        camera.takePicture(null, null, new MyPictureCallback()); 
        break; 
      } 
    } 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 图片被点击触发的时间 
   * 
   * @param v 
   */ 
  public void imageClick(View v) { 
    if (v.getId() == R.id.scalePic) { 
      if (bundle == null) { 
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.takephoto, 
            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
      } else { 
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, ShowPicActivity.class); 
        intent.putExtras(bundle); 
        startActivity(intent); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
 
  private final class MyPictureCallback implements PictureCallback { 
 
    @Override 
    public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) { 
      try { 
        bundle = new Bundle(); 
        bundle.putByteArray("bytes", data); //将图片字节数据保存在bundle当中，实现数据交换 
        saveToSDCard(data); // 保存图片到sd卡中 
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), R.string.success, 
            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); 
        camera.startPreview(); // 拍完照后，重新开始预览 
 
      } catch (Exception e) { 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 将拍下来的照片存放在SD卡中 
   * @param data  
   * @throws IOException 
   */ 
  public static void saveToSDCard(byte[] data) throws IOException { 
    Date date = new Date(); 
    SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss"); // 格式化时间 
    String filename = format.format(date) + ".jpg"; 
    File fileFolder = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() 
        + "/finger/"); 
    if (!fileFolder.exists()) { // 如果目录不存在，则创建一个名为"finger"的目录 
      fileFolder.mkdir(); 
    } 
    File jpgFile = new File(fileFolder, filename); 
    FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(jpgFile); // 文件输出流 
    outputStream.write(data); // 写入sd卡中 
    outputStream.close(); // 关闭输出流 
  } 
 
 
  private final class SurfaceCallback implements Callback { 
 
    // 拍照状态变化时调用该方法 
    @Override 
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, 
        int height) { 
      parameters = camera.getParameters(); // 获取各项参数 
      parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG); // 设置图片格式 
      parameters.setPreviewSize(width, height); // 设置预览大小 
      parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5); //设置每秒显示4帧 
      parameters.setPictureSize(width, height); // 设置保存的图片尺寸 
      parameters.setJpegQuality(80); // 设置照片质量 
    } 
 
    // 开始拍照时调用该方法 
    @Override 
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { 
      try { 
        camera = Camera.open(); // 打开摄像头 
        camera.setPreviewDisplay(holder); // 设置用于显示拍照影像的SurfaceHolder对象 
        camera.setDisplayOrientation(getPreviewDegree(MainActivity.this)); 
        camera.startPreview(); // 开始预览 
      } catch (Exception e) { 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
      } 
 
    } 
 
    // 停止拍照时调用该方法 
    @Override 
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { 
      if (camera != null) { 
        camera.release(); // 释放照相机 
        camera = null; 
      } 
    } 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 点击手机屏幕是，显示两个按钮 
   */ 
  @Override 
  public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { 
    switch (event.getAction()) { 
    case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: 
      layout.setVisibility(ViewGroup.VISIBLE); // 设置视图可见 
      break; 
    } 
    return true; 
  } 
 
   
  @Override 
  public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { 
    switch (keyCode) { 
    case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_CAMERA: // 按下拍照按钮 
      if (camera != null && event.getRepeatCount() == 0) { 
        // 拍照 
        //注：调用takePicture()方法进行拍照是传入了一个PictureCallback对象――当程序获取了拍照所得的图片数据之后 
        //，PictureCallback对象将会被回调，该对象可以负责对相片进行保存或传入网络 
        camera.takePicture(null, null, new MyPictureCallback()); 
      } 
    } 
    return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event); 
  } 
 
  // 提供一个静态方法，用于根据手机方向获得相机预览画面旋转的角度 
  public static int getPreviewDegree(Activity activity) { 
    // 获得手机的方向 
    int rotation = activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay() 
        .getRotation(); 
    int degree = 0; 
    // 根据手机的方向计算相机预览画面应该选择的角度 
    switch (rotation) { 
    case Surface.ROTATION_0: 
      degree = 90; 
      break; 
    case Surface.ROTATION_90: 
      degree = 0; 
      break; 
    case Surface.ROTATION_180: 
      degree = 270; 
      break; 
    case Surface.ROTATION_270: 
      degree = 180; 
      break; 
    } 
    return degree; 
  } 
} 

package com.wwj.finger; 
 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.graphics.Bitmap; 
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; 
import android.graphics.Matrix; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.widget.ImageView; 
 
public class ShowPicActivity extends Activity { 
  private ImageView ivPic = null; // 显示图片控件 
 
 
  /** 
   * Activity在创建的时候回调的函数 主要用来初始化一些变量 
   */ 
  @Override 
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
    setContentView(R.layout.showpic); 
    ivPic = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.ivPic); 
    setImageBitmap(getImageFormBundle()); 
 
  } 
 
 
  /** 
   * 将MainActivity传过来的图片显示在界面当中 
   * 
   * @param bytes 
   */ 
  public void setImageBitmap(byte[] bytes) { 
    Bitmap cameraBitmap = byte2Bitmap(); 
    // 根据拍摄的方向旋转图像（纵向拍摄时要需要将图像选择90度) 
    Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); 
    matrix.setRotate(MainActivity.getPreviewDegree(this)); 
    cameraBitmap = Bitmap 
        .createBitmap(cameraBitmap, 0, 0, cameraBitmap.getWidth(), 
            cameraBitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true); 
    ivPic.setImageBitmap(cameraBitmap); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 从Bundle对象中获取数据 
   * 
   * @return 
   */ 
  public byte[] getImageFormBundle() { 
    Intent intent = getIntent(); 
    Bundle data = intent.getExtras(); 
    byte[] bytes = data.getByteArray("bytes"); 
    return bytes; 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 将字节数组的图形数据转换为Bitmap 
   * 
   * @return 
   */ 
  private Bitmap byte2Bitmap() { 
    byte[] data = getImageFormBundle(); 
    // 将byte数组转换成Bitmap对象 
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length); 
    return bitmap; 
  } 
}