时间:2022-03-29 09:14:55 | 栏目:JavaScript代码 | 点击:次
Webpack 是一个前端资源加载/打包工具。它将根据模块的依赖关系进行静态分析,然后将这些模块按照指定的规则生成对应的静态资源。
1.初始化项目
npm init
2.安装Webpack需要的包
npm install --save-dev webpack-cli webpack
3.配置Webpack
在 package.json 文件添加执行编译的命令
"scripts": { "webpack": "webpack" // 可自定义配置文件:"webpack": "webpack --config webpack.js" },
4.创建配置文件(默认 webpack.config.js),并配置。
const path = require('path'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', entry: './src/index.js', output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: 'bundle.js', }, };
5.打包并测试
C:\Users\Daixiang\Desktop\demo>npm run webpack > demo@1.0.0 webpack C:\Users\Daixiang\Desktop\demo > webpack --config webpack.config.js asset bundle.js 4.34 KiB [compared for emit] (name: main) runtime modules 670 bytes 3 modules cacheable modules 231 bytes ./src/index.js 159 bytes [built] [code generated] ./src/Base.js 72 bytes [built] [code generated] webpack 5.59.1 compiled successfully in 113 ms
单入口的两种写法:
写法一:entry: ‘./src/index.js'
写法二:entry: {main: ‘./src/index.js'}
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', // entry: './src/index.js', entry: { main: './src/index.js' }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: 'bundle.js', }, };
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', // 多入口 entry: { main: './src/index.js', base: './src/Base.js', about: './src/About.js', }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: 'bundle.js', }, };
单入口时,自定义输出文件名。
webpack.config.js
output: { // 路径 path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), // 文件名 filename: 'bundle.js', },
多入口时,动态输出文件名。
webpack.config.js
output: { // 路径 path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), // 动态输出文件名 filename: '[name].js', },
loader是让Webpack处理非js文件的模块。
loader配置参考文档:https://webpack.docschina.org/loaders/
webpack.config.js
module: { rules: [ { // 正则匹配文件 test: /\.js$/, // 排除文件夹 exclude: /node_modules/, // 使用指定loader loader: 'babel-loader' } ] }
需要注意的是,编译新增API需要引入core-js
1.使用npm安装core-js
npm install --save-dev core-js
2.在js入口文件中引入core-js/stable
import 'core-js/stable';
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack
plugins是插件,用于执行范围更广的任务。
plugins配置参考文档:https://webpack.docschina.org/plugins
以html-webpack-plugin
为例,进行插件安装。
1.使用npm安装html-webpack-plugin
npm install --save-dev html-webpack-plugin
2.配置webpack.config.js文件
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require(‘html-webpack-plugin');
plugins: [new HtmlWebpackPlugin()],
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); // 引入文件,定义常量 const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', entry: { index: './src/index.js', search: './src/search.js', }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: '[name].js', }, module: { rules: [ { // 正则匹配 test: /\.js$/, // 排除文件夹 exclude: /node_modules/, // 使用指定loader loader: 'babel-loader' } ] }, plugins: [ // 单入口 // new HtmlWebpackPlugin( // { // 指定模板文件,生成的js等文件放入模板文件里 // template: './index.html' // } // ) // 多入口 new HtmlWebpackPlugin( { template: './index.html', filename: 'index.html', chunks:['index'], minify: { // 删除注释 removeComments: true, // 删除空格 removeWhitespace: false, // 删除html标签属性的双引号 removeAttributeQuotes: true } } ), new HtmlWebpackPlugin( { template: './search.html', filename: 'search.html', chunks:['search'] } ) ], };
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=zh> <head> <meta charset=UTF-8> <meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content="IE=edge"> <title>index</title> <script defer=defer src=index.js></script></head> <body> </body> </html>
search.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <title>search</title> </style> <script defer src="search.js"></script> </head> <body> </body> </html>
1.安装css-loader识别js中的css文件,安装style-loader,将css文件嵌入html中
npm install --save-dev css-loader style-loader
2.配置webpack.config.js文件
webpack.config.js
module: { rules: [ { // 正则匹配 test: /\.css$/, // 使用css-loader,识别js中的css,使用style-loader,将css文件嵌入html中 // 注意数组的顺序,从右向左使用 use: ['style-loader', 'css-loader'] } ] },
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack
使用css-loader,识别js中的css,使用mini-css-extract-plugin引入css文件。
1.安装css-loader、mini-css-extract-plugin
npm install --save-dev css-loader mini-css-extract-plugin
2.配置webpack.config.js文件
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); ...... const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require('mini-css-extract-plugin'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', entry: { index: './src/index.js', search: './src/search.js', }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: '[name].js', }, module: { rules: [ ...... { // 正则匹配 test: /\.css$/, // 使用css-loader,识别js中的css,使用MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,引入css文件 // 注意数组的顺序,从右向左使用 use: [MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader, 'css-loader'] } ] }, plugins: [ new MiniCssExtractPlugin( { filename: 'css/[name].css' } ) ], };
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack
dist/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=zh> <head> <meta charset=UTF-8> <meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content="IE=edge"> <title>index</title> <script defer=defer src=index.js></script> <link href=css/index.css rel=stylesheet> </head> <body> </body> </html>
使用file-loader处理css中的图片。(v5 已弃用file-loader)
file-loader参考文档:https://v4.webpack.js.org/loaders/file-loader/
index.css
body{ background-image: url(./images/3.jpg); background-repeat: no-repeat; }
1.安装file-loader
npm install --save-dev file-loader
2.配置webpack.config.js文件
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); ...... const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require('mini-css-extract-plugin'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', entry: { index: './src/index.js', search: './src/search.js', }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: '[name].js', }, module: { rules: [ ...... { // 正则匹配 test: /\.css$/, // 使用css-loader,识别js中的css,使用MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,引入css文件 // 注意数组的顺序,从右向左使用 use: [ { loader: MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader, options: { publicPath: '../' } }, 'css-loader' ] }, { // 正则匹配 test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif)$/, use: { loader: 'file-loader', options: { name: 'img/[name].[ext]' } } } ] }, plugins: [ // 多入口 new HtmlWebpackPlugin( { template: './index.html', filename: 'index.html', chunks: ['index'], minify: { // 删除注释 removeComments: true, // 删除空格 collapseWhitespace: false, // 删除html标签属性的双引号 removeAttributeQuotes: true } } ), new HtmlWebpackPlugin( { template: './search.html', filename: 'search.html', chunks: ['search'] } ), new MiniCssExtractPlugin( { filename: 'css/[name].css' } ) ], };
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack
1.安装html-withimg-loader
npm install --save-dev html-withimg-loader
2.配置webpack.config.js文件
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require('mini-css-extract-plugin'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', entry: { index: './src/index.js', search: './src/search.js', }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: '[name].js', }, module: { rules: [ { // 正则匹配 test: /\.js$/, // 排除文件夹 exclude: /node_modules/, // 使用指定loader loader: 'babel-loader' }, { // 正则匹配 test: /\.css$/, // 使用css-loader,识别js中的css,使用MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,引入css文件 // 注意数组的顺序,从右向左使用 use: [ { loader: MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader, options: { publicPath: '../' } }, 'css-loader' ] }, { // 正则匹配 test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif)$/, use: { loader: 'file-loader', options: { name: 'img/[name].[ext]', esModule: false } } }, { // 正则匹配 test: /\.(html?)$/, loader: 'html-withimg-loader' } ] }, plugins: [ // 多入口 new HtmlWebpackPlugin( { template: './index.html', filename: 'index.html', chunks: ['index'], minify: { // 删除注释 removeComments: true, // 删除空格 collapseWhitespace: false, // 删除html标签属性的双引号 removeAttributeQuotes: true } } ), new HtmlWebpackPlugin( { template: './search.html', filename: 'search.html', chunks: ['search'] } ), new MiniCssExtractPlugin( { filename: 'css/[name].css' } ) ], };
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack
index.js
import img from './images/1.jpg';
1.安装file-loader
npm install --save-dev file-loader
2.配置webpack.config.js文件
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', entry: { index: './src/index.js', search: './src/search.js', }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: '[name].js', }, module: { rules: [ ...... { // 正则匹配 test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif)$/, use: { loader: 'file-loader', options: { name: 'img/[name].[ext]', esModule: false } } } ] }, };
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack
index.js
import img from './images/1.jpg';
1.安装url-loader、file-loader
npm install --save-dev url-loader file-loader
2.配置webpack.config.js文件
webpack.config.js
const path = require('path'); module.exports = { mode: 'development', entry: { index: './src/index.js', search: './src/search.js', }, output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, 'dist'), filename: '[name].js', }, module: { rules: [ ...... { // 正则匹配 test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif)$/, use: { loader: 'url-loader', options: { name: 'img/[name].[ext]', esModule: false, limit: 10000 // 小于10k的图片转为base64格式 } } } ] }, };
3.打包并测试
npm run webpack