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vue-router的使用方法及含参数的配置方法

时间：2021-08-25 08:02:26 | 栏目：vue | 点击：次

html

router-link：跳转链接

参数to：就是跳转到的链接位置

二层链接 eg：

<router-link to="/users/evan">/users/evan</router-link>

需要配置所对应的对应的children

children所对应的参数

path：可分我固定的参数url 和带参数的  区别于 ：（冒号）

name：对应的参数的模块名称（动态传参数）

component:可以传多个组件

eg：
{ path: '/',
 // a single route can define multiple named components
 // which will be rendered into <router-view>s with corresponding names.
 components: {
  default: Foo,
  a: Bar,
  b: Baz
 }
},

:to="{ name: 'user', params: { username: 'evan' }, query: { foo: 'bar' }}"

参数说明params 对应的是children的path的值 ，to中的name为vueRouter中的name

当要传多个参数时

{ path: ':username/:aaa', name: 'user', component: User }

也可以利用query传值

query: { foo: 'bar' }
eg: path: ':username'

redirect：链接直接指向指定的方向（重定向）

beforeEnter：
?
{ path: '/dashboard', component: Dashboard, beforeEnter: requireAuth },
function requireAuth (route, redirect, next) {
 if (!auth.loggedIn()) {
 redirect({
  path: '/login',
  query: { redirect: route.fullPath }
 })
 } else {
 next()
 }
}

使用props将组件和路由解耦：

在组件中使用$route会使之与其对应路由形成高度耦合，从而使组件只能在某些特定的url上使用，限制了其灵活性。

对应的参数的值的获取

{{$route.params.username1 }}
 { path: '/users', component: Users,
  children: [
  { path: ':username', name: 'user', component: User }
  ]
 }

eg:

 <ul>
  <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
  <li><router-link to="/" exact>/ (exact match)</router-link></li>

  <li><router-link to="/users">/users</router-link></li>
  <li><router-link to="/users" exact>/users (exact match)</router-link></li>

  <li><router-link to="/users/evan">/users/evan</router-link></li>
  <li><router-link to="/users/evan#foo">/users/evan#foo</router-link></li>
  <li>
   <router-link :to="{ path: '/users/evan', query: { foo: 'bar' }}">
   /users/evan?foo=bar
   </router-link>
  </li>
  <li><!-- #635 -->
   <router-link :to="{ name: 'user', params: { username: 'evan' }, query: { foo: 'bar' }}" exact>
   /users/evan?foo=bar (named view + exact match)
   </router-link>
  </li>
  <li>
   <router-link :to="{ path: '/users/evan', query: { foo: 'bar', baz: 'qux' }}">
   /users/evan?foo=bar&baz=qux
   </router-link>
  </li>

  <li><router-link to="/about">/about</router-link></li>

  <router-link tag="li" to="/about">
   <a>/about (active class on outer element)</a>
  </router-link>
  </ul>
const router = new VueRouter({
 mode: 'history',
 base: __dirname,
 routes: [
 { path: '/', component: Home },
 { path: '/about', component: About },
 { path: '/users', component: Users,
  children: [
  { path: ':username', name: 'user', component: User }
  ]
 }
 ]
})

js:vue-router配置

router-view：组件的放置位置

对应的链接所对应的组件的配置

路由底下的子组件

{ path: '/users', component: Users,
  children: [
  { path: ':username', name: 'user', component: User }
  ]
 }

//组件

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const Home = { template: '<div><h2>Home</h2></div>' }
const About = { template: '<div><h2>About</h2></div>' }

const Users = {
 template: `
 <div>
  <h2>Users</h2>
  <router-view></router-view>
 </div>
 `
}

const User = { template: '<div>{{ $route.params.username }}</div>' }

==================分界线====================

案例：1

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
<div id="app">
 <h1>Hello App!</h1>
 <p>
  <!-- 使用 router-link 组件来导航. -->
  <!-- 通过传入 `to` 属性指定链接. -->
  <!-- <router-link> 默认会被渲染成一个 `<a>` 标签 -->
  <router-link to="/foo">Go to Foo</router-link>
  <router-link to="/bar">Go to Bar</router-link>
 </p>
 <!-- 路由出口 -->
 <!-- 路由匹配到的组件将渲染在这里 -->
 <router-view></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Foo = { template: '<div>foo</div>' }
 var Home= { template：'<div>Home</div>' }
 var Bar = { template: '<div>bar</div>' }

 // 2. 定义路由
 // 每个路由应该映射一个组件。 其中"component" 可以是
 // 通过 Vue.extend() 创建的组件构造器，
 // 或者，只是一个组件配置对象。
 // 我们晚点再讨论嵌套路由。
 var routes = [
  { path: '/', component: Home},
  { path: '/foo', component: Foo },
  { path: '/bar', component: Bar }
 ]

 // 3. 创建 router 实例，然后传 `routes` 配置
 // 你还可以传别的配置参数, 不过先这么简单着吧。
 var router = new VueRouter({
  routes // （缩写）相当于 routes: routes
 })

 // 4. 创建和挂载根实例。
 // 记得要通过 router 配置参数注入路由，
 // 从而让整个应用都有路由功能
 var app = new Vue({
  router,
  el:'#app'
 })
</script>
</body>
</html>

实现效果

=====================================

案例：2

path的二级链接固定参数

<div id="app">
 <h1>Data Fetching</h1>
 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link to="/user/even" exact>/users (exact match)</router-link></li>
</ul>
 <router-view class="view"></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Users = {
  template: '<div><h2>Users</h2><router-view></router-view> </div>'
 }
 var User = {
  template: '<div>{{$route.params.username1 }}</div>'
 }
 var Home = {
  template: '<div>Home</div>'
 }
 var router = new VueRouter({
  routes: [
   { path: '/', component: Home,},
   // 动态路径参数 以冒号开头
   { path: '/user', component: Users,
    children: [
     { path: ':username1', name: 'bbb', component: User }
    ]}
  ]
 })
 new Vue({
  el:"#app",
  router,
  data:{
   name:111
  }
 })

二级链接动态参数

<div id="app">
 <h1>Data Fetching</h1>
 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link :to="{ name: 'bbb', params: { username: name}}" exact>/users/evan?foo=bar (named view + exact match)
  </router-link>
 </li>
</ul>
 <router-view class="view"></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Users = {
  template: '<div><h2>Users</h2><router-view></router-view> </div>'
 }
 var User = {
  template: '<div>{{$route.params.username }}</div>'
 }
 var Home = {
  template: '<div>Home</div>'
 }
 var router = new VueRouter({
  routes: [
   { path: '/', component: Home,},
   // 动态路径参数 以冒号开头
   { path: '/user', component: Users,
    children: [
     { path: ':username', name: 'bbb', component: User }
    ]}
  ]
 })
 new Vue({
  el:"#app",
  router,
  data:{
   name:111
  }
 })
</script>

实现效果

 

注意与上一个实例进行对比发现链接的地址并没有发生改变，刷新后会返回首页

如何解决这个问题呢

==============案例=======================

<div id="app">
 <h1>Data Fetching</h1>
 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link :to='{name:"user", params:{ id:111 }}'>111</router-link>
 </li>
</ul>
 <router-view class="view"></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Users = {
  template: '<div><h2>Users</h2><div>{{$route.params.id}}</div></div>'
 }
 var Home = {
  template: '<div>Home</div>'
 }
 var router = new VueRouter({
  routes: [
   { path: '/', component: Home,},
   // 动态路径参数 以冒号开头
   { path: '/user/:id', name:'user', component: Users}
  ]
 })
 new Vue({
  el:"#app",
  router,
  data:{
   name:111
  }
 })
</script>

====================案例传多个组件==============================

<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
<div id="app">
 <h1>Named Views</h1>
 <ul>
  <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
  <li><router-link to="/other">/other</router-link></li>
 </ul>
 <router-view class="view one"></router-view>
 <router-view class="view two" name="a"></router-view>
 <router-view class="view three" name="b"></router-view>
</div>
<script>

 var Foo = { template: '<div>foo</div>' }
 var Bar = { template: '<div>bar</div>' }
 var Baz = { template: '<div>baz</div>' }

 var router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  routes: [
   { path: '/',
    // a single route can define multiple named components
    // which will be rendered into <router-view>s with corresponding names.
    components: {
     default: Foo,
     a: Bar,
     b: Baz
    }
   },
   {
    path: '/other',
    components: {
     default: Baz,
     a: Bar,
     b: Foo
    }
   }
  ]
 })
 // 4. 创建和挂载根实例。
 // 记得要通过 router 配置参数注入路由，
 // 从而让整个应用都有路由功能
 var app = new Vue({
  router,
  el:'#app'
 })
</script>

总结

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